Indian Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Age-stratified prevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies in four metropolitan Indian cities and recent changes in Pune city.","authors":"Sanjay Lalwani, Sonali Palkar, Balasubramanian S, Gurmeet Kaur, Monjori Mitra, Rupeshkumar Deshmukh, Ruta Kulkarni, Vidya Arankalle","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01746-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01746-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Pune, western India, was earlier identified as hyperendemic for hepatitis A. Subsequently, we noted age and socio-economic status-dependent reduction in hepatitis A virus (HAV) prevalence. To assess the situation in different parts of India, this multicentric, hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in four metropolitan cities in the northern/southern/eastern/western regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As per age group-anti-HAV-positivity-specific sample size calculations (1-40 years), 496 samples/centre were collected from Pune, Kolkata, Chennai and Ludhiana. All samples were tested for anti-HAV antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 44.9% of children up to five years of age were anti-HAV antibody-positive (ELISA), with a steady increase reaching 92.9% by the age of 26-40 years. Importantly, 782/1756 (44.5%) of the total population ≤ 15 years was anti-HAV negative and hence susceptible to HAV. The city-wise analysis documented similar patterns with a few differences. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of HAV endemicity, Pune, Chennai and Ludhiana were classified as cities with intermediate endemicity, whereas Kolkata with lower seroprevalence had low endemicity. Compared to the 2011-2012 survey anti-HAV positivity remained unchanged in the other cities except for the rise in Chennai. Apart from age, other risk factors varied in different cities. A comparison of socio-economic-dependent, age-stratified serosurveys conducted during 1982, 1992, 1998, 2017 and 2022 in Pune documented the shift from high to intermediate endemicity in the population with high socio-economic status in 1998 and lower-middle socio-economic strata in 2017.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lowering of anti-HAV positivity reflects a definite improvement in sanitation and voluntary vaccination, but seems to have slowed down during recent years. Additional, well-defined efforts are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"735-744"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indocyanine green fluorescence cholangiography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Game changer or just an adjunct.","authors":"Harjeet Singh, Thakur Deen Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01907-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01907-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"625-626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145488457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short versus standard esophageal myotomy during peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Zaheer Nabi, Jahnvi Dhar, Jayanta Samanta, Pradev Inavolu, Raghavender Puri, D Nageshwar Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01897-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01897-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an established treatment for achalasia. Conventionally, esophageal myotomy of 6-10 cm length is performed, although its necessity in type-I and type-II achalasia remains debatable. Recent studies suggest that a shorter myotomy may offer similar efficacy with potential advantages. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing short vs. standard (long) esophageal myotomy during POEM in patients with type-I and type-II achalasia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024611252). A systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Scopus was performed to identify RCTs comparing short and long esophageal myotomy during POEM. The primary outcome was clinical success at ≥ 1 year (Eckardt score ≤ 3). Secondary outcomes included procedure time, adverse events, post-POEM integrated relaxation pressure (IRP), barium column height and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four RCTs including 419 patients (short, n = 206; long, n = 213) were analyzed. Clinical success at one year was comparable between the two groups (OR 2.17; 95% CI = 0.76-6.23; p = 0.15; I2 = 12%). Procedure time was significantly shorter with short myotomy (MD - 17.69 min; p < 0.001). Rates of adverse events and physiological outcomes (IRP, barium retention) were similar. While overall GERD rates were comparable, esophageal acid exposure was significantly lower in the short myotomy group (OR 0.69; p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Short esophageal myotomy is non-inferior to long myotomy in clinical efficacy with the added benefit of shorter procedure time and potentially reduced acid exposure. These findings support the use of short myotomy as a safe and efficient alternative in type-I and type-II achalasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"637-646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145700826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute pancreatitis in elderly versus non-elderly population.","authors":"Rajiv Mehta, Dhvani Adhvaryu, Aarya Desai, Nishtha Nandwani, Mayank Kabrawala, Ritesh Prajapati","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01756-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01756-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"764-766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to Editor reply: \"Comparison of EUS FNAC and EUS FNB in intra-abdominal masses\".","authors":"Motij Kumar Dalai, Deepak Sasikumar, Sanjay Jagdish Chandnani","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01814-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01814-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"784-785"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masked hypertension in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A direction worthy of in-depth study.","authors":"Ting-Ting Ji, Yi-Heng Yao, Liang Liu, Hai-Su Li","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01863-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01863-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"778-779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of vasculo-biliary anatomy using indocyanine green during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective observational study-the IVA green study.","authors":"Angelo Christopher, Srujan Lam Sharma, Pranay Gaikwad, Ajith John George, Cecil T Thomas, Emmanuel Lazarus","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01871-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01871-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of near-infrared fluorescence using indocyanine green (ICG) for intra-operative identification of cystic duct and artery anatomy, including aberrations, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational non-blinding study was conducted from November 2019 to February 2023, enrolling 67 adult patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Indocyanine green (0.2 mg/kg) was administered six to 10 hours before surgery. Visualization of the cystic duct, common bile duct (CBD) and cystic artery was assessed using near-infrared fluorescence imaging. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to identify the correlation between demographic and clinical factors with the identification of the cystic duct, CBD and cystic artery. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to identify the correlation between gender and body mass index (BMI) with the identification of the cystic duct, CBD and cystic artery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The vasculo-biliary structures were visualized with ICG administration. The cystic duct was identified in 88%, the CBD in 92.6% and the cystic artery in 85% (Group-II variant was the commonest). Visualization of the cystic duct was significantly more difficult in male patients, while the visualization of the cystic artery was significantly reduced in patients with a > 25 kg/m².</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Indocyanine green-based near-infrared fluorescence is a safe, feasible and effective tool for enhancing the visualization of vasculo-biliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It aids in preventing bile duct injury and supports safe dissection, particularly in patients with normal BMI. While not a replacement for intra-operative cholangiography, ICG fluorescence is a promising adjunct.</p>","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"690-696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145400652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency beyond pancreatitis.","authors":"Neha Berry, Ajay Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01879-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01879-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) occurs when the amount of digestive enzymes released from the pancreas in response to a meal is insufficient or the enzymes are prematurely inactivated, thus resulting in maldigestion. The chief reasons for PEI include loss of pancreatic parenchyma, obstruction of the main pancreatic duct, reduced stimulation and pancreatic enzyme inactivation. Loss of pancreatic parenchyma in chronic pancreatitis and after an episode of severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis are the most common causes for PEI. However, PEI is an important cause for malabsorption in many other diseases beyond pancreatitis. These include pancreatic tumors, pancreas resection, cystic fibrosis, diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease. Though the pancreas secretes lipase, amylase and proteases, which are all required for digestion, it is only lipase insufficiency that is clinically important. Fat maldigestion occurs when lipase secretion falls to below 10% of normal. This threshold is defined as severe PEI and is a definite indication for pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT). In this review, we shall discuss about conditions, other than pancreatitis, which cause PEI, and understand the possible mechanisms by which they cause PEI. We shall also discuss whether the addition of PERT will benefit patient management in such conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"666-679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145573520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic ultrasound-guided portal venous thrombolysis: A promising avenue.","authors":"Venkatesh Vaithiyam, Lalit Chandra Kummetha, Ravi Teja Reddy, Ujjwal Sonika, Ashok Dalal, Ajay Kumar, Sanjeev Sachdeva, Siddharth Srivastava","doi":"10.1007/s12664-025-01807-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-025-01807-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"772-774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaplastic large cell lymphoma of adrenal gland-An endoscopic ultrasound enigma.","authors":"Chinmay Vishwanath Hegde, Anudeep Katrevula, Balasaheb Wanve, Nageshwar Reddy Duvvur","doi":"10.1007/s12664-024-01675-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12664-024-01675-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13404,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"799-800"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}