Indian Journal of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Clinical significance of anti-dense fine speckled 70 antibodies in dense fine speckled immunofluorescence positive patients, systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases, and controls.","authors":"Rammohan Mylavarapu, Meghna Gavali, Kaushik Puranam, Bansi Kashyap Parejiya, Liza Rajasekhar","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2840_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_2840_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectives The dense fine speckled (DFS) anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) pattern, caused by anti-DFS70 antibodies, is often misunderstood due to its low association with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) and presence in healthy individuals. Few studies suggest monospecific anti-DFS70 antibodies may exclude SARD. Given limited data from India, we aimed to assess the prevalence and clinical associations of anti-DFS70 antibodies in undefined disease, SARD, and controls. Methods Sera from patients with undefined disease and non-rheumatic disease controls were screened for DFS pattern during the evaluation for ANA by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF); positive samples were confirmed using anti-DFS70 ELISA and line immunoassay (LIA). SARD sera were tested by ANA IIF, ELISA, and LIA. Results DFS IIF pattern was observed in 0.25%, 0.57% and 0.4% of undefined disease referrals, SARD patients, and controls respectively. ELISA anti-DFS70 and LIA were positive in 90% of undefined disease sera, 15.4% vs. 5.7% of SARD cases, and 100% of controls, respectively. ELISA and LIA showed almost perfect agreement in undefined disease (κ= 0.861). In SARD group, anti-DFS70 ELISA positivity was predominantly observed in SLE (P=0.003); higher ELISA optical density, higher systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores (P<0.001), anti-dsDNA (P=0.0001), and renal involvement (P=0.014) being significant observations. Monospecific anti-DFS70 antibodies by LIA were significantly common in undefined disease (P<0.001). Interpretation and conclusions DFS pattern with monospecific anti-DFS70 antibodies suggests lower likelihood of SARD. Anti-DFS70 antibodies are uncommon in SARD and coexist with other disease-specific autoantibodies. These findings highlight the complexity of interpreting anti-DFS70 antibodies and underscore the need for comprehensive serological testing and clinical correlation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"120-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telephonic reminders for improving anti-rabies vaccination completion at a rural primary health centre: A quality improvement initiative.","authors":"Vignesh Rajan S, Karthik Rajan Parasuraman Udayakumar, Amar B Gumataj, Ruben Raj, Anurag Gola, Sonali Sarkar, Subitha Lakshminarayanan","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_3376_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_3376_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectives Rabies is a fatal zoonotic viral disease preventable by prophylactic vaccination. About 60% of dog bite cases in India haven't completed vaccination schedules, and the reason among half of the defaulters was forgetfulness. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of telephonic reminders in vaccination completion status and explore the determinants of the intervention. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study conducted at a rural primary health centre, Puducherry, between June 2022 and November 2024. The intervention consisted of structured telephonic reminders delivered prior to scheduled anti-rabies vaccine (ARV) doses. Intervention effects were assessed using interrupted time series analysis with segmented regression, following formal assessment of autocorrelation. In addition, individual-level multivariable logistic regression with cluster-robust standard errors was used to estimate adjusted associations with ARV completion. Exploratory subgroup analyses were conducted using interaction terms and adjusted marginal effects. Results Among 695 animal bite victims, ARV completion increased from 60.2% in the pre-intervention period to 70.4% post-intervention. Interrupted time series analysis showed a statistically significant increase in post-intervention level and slope, indicating the effectiveness of the intervention. In adjusted individual-level analyses accounting for clustering by month, the post-intervention period was independently associated with higher odds of ARV completion [adjusted odds ratio 1.60, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.2 to 2.1]. Subgroup analyses demonstrated a significantly greater intervention effect among males, with an adjusted absolute increase in completion of 17.3% points and a significant interaction between intervention and sex of victims. Interpretation and conclusions Telephonic reminders integrated into routine primary care were associated with improved completion of the anti-rabies vaccination schedule among animal bite victims. The effect was consistent across most subgroups, with greater benefit among males. Reminder-based strategies can strengthen rabies post-exposure prophylaxis delivery in primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional supplements for preventing preeclampsia: A network meta-analysis.","authors":"Changxiu Wang, Cuiping You, Yanxin Zhang","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_1582_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_1582_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on the effects of different oral nutritional supplements in preventing preeclampsia has yielded controversial results. This network meta-analysis sought to ascertain the effect of diverse oral nutritional supplements in preventing preeclampsia. Randomised controlled trials in preventing preeclampsia were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. The primary outcome was preeclampsia. Secondary outcomes included eclampsia and gestational hypertension. 22 studies were included, with 18133 participants in the intervention group and 17971 in the placebo group. Compared with placebo, L-arginine and vitamin B and vitamin C and vitamin E (L-arginine-VB-VC-VE) [Odds ratio (OR)=0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.20, 0.54)], linoleic-acid-calcium (OR=0.16, 95% CI 0.041, 0.50), vitamin D (VD) (OR=0. 34, 95% CI 0.17, 0.65), and calcium (OR=0.77, 95% CI 0.65, 0.91) were more effective in preventing preeclampsia. The first three nutritional supplements were superior to calcium. There was no difference among these three supplements. None of the four nutritional supplements (calcium, phytonutrient, VC, and VC-VE) were effective in preventing gestational hypertension. Oral calcium, L-arginine-VB-VC-VE, linoleic-acid-calcium, and VD could be effective approaches to prevent preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"53-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier modulation for drug delivery in recurrent glioblastoma: A systematic review.","authors":"Muhammad Alifian Remifta Putra, Siti Alyaa Salma Ghozali, Meuthia Faralita Annisa","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2529_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_2529_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectives Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary adult central nervous system of malignancy, with a median overall survival of 12-18 months. Recurrence is almost inevitable and carries poor outcomes, with median overall survival of 2-9 months and progression-free survival of 1.5-6 months. Treatment options are limited, as locoregional therapies apply to selected patients, and systemic treatments are restricted by the blood-brain barrier. Focused ultrasound has emerged as a noninvasive method to transiently and reversibly increase blood-brain barrier permeability. This study aims to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of focused ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier modulation to enhance drug delivery in recurrent glioblastoma. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Wiley Online Library identified studies published between 2015-2024. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, with risk of bias assessed using ROBINS-I and protocol registration in PROSPERO (CRD420251010548). Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results Twelve clinical trials involving 841 patients met inclusion criteria. Focused ultrasound-mediated platforms included SonoCloud-1, SonoCloud-9, ExAblate Neuro, and NaviFUS, with 1-10 sonication sessions lasting 2.5-22 min. blood-brain barrier opening was achieved in 68-100% of procedures. Median overall survival ranged from 9.95-18 months and median progression-free survival (PFS) from 2.2-3.5 months. Several studies reported improved outcomes vs historical chemotherapy-only controls, including progression-free survival-6 rates of 42-52%. Adverse events were mostly mild and transient, with >85% graded as Grade 1 and no treatment-related mortality. Interpretation and conclusions Focused ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier modulation is a practical therapeutic adjunct that improves intracerebral drug penetration and might extend survival beyond traditional outcomes; providing a noninvasive approach suitable for patients where systemic dose escalation is limited by toxicity and access.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccine nation: How immunisation shaped India, Macmillan (Pan Macmillan India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi) 2025. 487 pages. Price: Not mentioned.","authors":"Sanjay Verma","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_612_2026","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_612_2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated tuberculosis-multimorbidity management in India: A SWOT analysis.","authors":"Sucharita Panigrahi, Debasini Parida, Abhinav Sinha, Krushna Chandra Sahoo, Debdutta Bhattacharya, Sanghamitra Pati","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2790_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_2790_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis multimorbidity is an emerging burden to the healthcare system in India, but the national programmes like the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP), the National Programme for Prevention and Control of NCDs (NP-NCD), and the National Mental Health Programme (NMHP) are still operating in silos, leading to fragmented and inefficient care. This paper employs a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis to evaluate the integration potential of these programmes within the platform of Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs). The analysis identifies key strengths, such as NTEP's robust surveillance and NP-NCD's wide screening network, and critical weaknesses, including isolated digital platforms and a lack of cross-programme training for health workers. Significant opportunities exist through linking digital systems like Ni-kshay and the NP-NCD application, and training frontline workers in composite care. Major threats include persistent policy fragmentation and patient stigma. We conclude that a strategic shift from vertical, disease-specific programmes to a person-centred, integrated model is essential. This requires collaboration at the policy level, the integration of comprehensive digital health records, and the delegation of responsibilities to primary care teams, including AAMs, to effectively manage multimorbidity, improve patient outcomes, and advance India's goals of attaining Universal Health Coverage of tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of social isolation and loneliness among the elderly in India: A systematic review.","authors":"Neha Muralidharan, Rajeswaran Thiagesan, Vijayaprasad Gopichandran","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_3300_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_3300_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectives The population of older persons is increasing in India, with a projection of 230 million by 2036. With the increasing population of older persons, the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness is also increasing. The objective of the review was to assess the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness among older persons in India and to identify their risk factors. Methods The protocol for this systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251172242). We included studies that reported the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness among older persons above 60 years of age in India. Data sources included PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and EBSCO databases. Studies were screened and selected using Rayyan software, and data were extracted and assessed for risk of bias using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. A meta-analysis was attempted, but the I2 was 99%, indicating high heterogeneity, and so a narrative synthesis was performed. The heterogeneity was due to different scales and different cut-off points. Results Out of 894 identified papers, 20 studies were included in the final review. The prevalence of loneliness obtained from 11 studies ranged from 3.8 to 66.4%, while social isolation obtained from 4 studies ranged from 3.6 to 86.4%. Key risk factors identified from 12 studies included increasing age, poor socio-economic status, poor physical health, mental health, and various social factors such as marital status, living conditions, strained relationships, elder abuse, and disengagement from social activities. Interpretations and conclusions The review highlights a significant burden of social isolation and loneliness among the elderly in India, influenced by demographic, health, and social factors. A pooled estimate of prevalence was not feasible due to the heterogeneity of studies. Future research should focus on population-based assessment using standard, validated scales to better understand the magnitude of the problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with thrombotic events among young adults in India, 2021-23: A multi-centric hospital-based matched case -control study.","authors":"Tarun Bhatnagar, Janani Surya Ravichandran, Jeyashree Kathiresan, Manickam Ponnaiah, Hari Krishan Aggarwal, Ashish Bhalla, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Sourin Bhuniya, Jaya Chakravarty, Ratnamala Choudhury, Simmi Dube, Bal Kishan Gupta, Mary John, Pankaj Kumar Kannauje, Manish Kapoor, Sushila Kataria, Subhasis Mukherjee, Abhijit Pakhare, Lipilekha Patnaik, Rishabh Kumar Rana, Biman Kanti Ray, A Charles Pon Pon Ruban, Rita Saxena, Arti Shah, Mohammad Shameem, Sachin Kisan Shivnitwar, Arunansu Talukdar, Rashmi Upadhyay, Rajaat Vohra, Ambuj Yadav, Divya Saravanakumar, Navaneeth S Krishna, Raman Swathy Vaman, Aparna Mukherjee, Gunjan Kumar, Manoj Murhekar","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2949_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_2949_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectives Myocardial infarction (acute coronary artery thrombotic event) in young adults is known to be associated with certain comorbidities and lifestyle factors. The causal relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and thrombotic events has been debated globally, with varying risks being reported across populations and vaccine platforms. Considering reports of myocardial infarction and other thrombotic events in apparently healthy individuals, this study was conducted to determine the association between COVID-19 vaccination, lifestyle, medical risk factors, and thrombotic events among young adults in India. Methods We conducted a multicentric matched case-control study across 25 tertiary hospitals in India between October 2021 and January 2023. Cases were 18-45-yr-old hospitalised patients with new arterial or venous thrombotic events. Hospitalised cases and controls were matched by admission date (±7 days). Data on exposure factors were obtained through hospital records and telephonic interviews. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate matched odds ratios (mOR) with confounder adjustments guided by a directed acyclic graph. Results We analysed 432 cases (1293 controls) of acute myocardial infarction and 767 cases (2,144 controls) of any thrombotic event. Acute myocardial infarction was associated with previous history of any thrombotic event [Matched Odds Ratio (mOR) 60.0; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 11.4, 315.1], comorbidities [adjusted mOR (amOR) 4.6; 95% CI: 2.0-10.5], ever smoking (amOR 3.5; 95% CI: 2.3-5.3) and family history of thrombotic event (mOR 3.3; 95% CI: 1.7-6.5). Receiving two or more doses of any COVID-19 vaccine (amOR 0.8; 95% CI: 0.3-2.8) was not associated with acute myocardial infarction. Analyses showed an association of any thrombotic event with prior history of thrombotic event, comorbidities, ever smoking, prior COVID-19 hospitalisation and family history of thrombotic event. There was no association between any thrombotic event and two or more doses (amOR 1.0; 95% CI: 0.5-2.0) of any COVID-19 vaccination. Similar associations were seen when analysed separately for CovishieldTM and CovaxinTM. Interpretations and conclusions Among young Indian adults, thrombotic events were driven by traditional risk factors and prior severe COVID-19 illness. No increased risk of thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction, was identified with COVID-19 vaccination given the widespread SARS-CoV2 infection during the study period. We emphasise the importance of addressing modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and monitoring of young adults with comorbidities, prior thrombotic events or severe COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"137-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Abhishek Singhai, Richa Meena, Rajnish Joshi, Sagar Khadanga, Ratinder Jhaj, Alpesh Goyal, Santosh Wakode","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2480_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_2480_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectives This systematic review seeks to assess the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within the Indian population. Methods A comprehensive search of SCOPUS, Web of Science and PubMed was performed for studies published from January 2000 to March 2025, using search terms such as MASLD, T2DM, NAFLD, steatohepatitis and India. This systematic review considered eligible Indian studies that included patients (≥18 years old) with T2DM and reported the prevalence of MASLD/NAFLD. The study excluded reviews, case reports, conference abstracts, editorials, and studies that did not have full texts. Pooled MASLD prevalence determined by liver biopsy, transient elastography, ultrasound, or biochemical markers was the main result. Prevalence estimates were combined using a random-effects model, and quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach. Results Across the 18 selected studies, the pooled prevalence of MASLD was estimated from 81,364 adult diabetic participants. In diabetic adults, the estimated pooled prevalence of MASLD was 56.9% [95% Confidence interval (CI), 39.1-74.8]. Among these studies, the prevalence by biochemical marker was 50.4% (95% CI 38.6 - 62.2), the prevalence by ultrasonography was 55.6% (95% CI 37.1 - 74.1), and the prevalence by Fibroscan as an imaging modality was 64.3% (95% CI 31 - 97.7). Several limitations were noted; many studies provided insufficient information regarding cohort representativeness, selection criteria for non-exposed groups, and the adequacy of follow up. Interpretation and conclusions While awareness of MASLD is increasing among diabetic populations globally, data concerning its prevalence and clinical characteristics in the Indian population-especially within regional demographics-remains limited. The variability in reported prevalence rates, ranging from 34 to 94%, among individuals with T2DM indicates a pressing need for region-specific research that considers the diverse ethnic backgrounds, diets, and lifestyles throughout India.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"72-80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral venous thrombosis-related stroke in India: Clinical patterns, risk factors, and outcomes from the hospital-based stroke registry programme.","authors":"Deepadarshan Huliyappa, Prathyusha P V, Vijay Sardana, Girish Baburao Kulkarni, Ramachandiran Nandhagopal, Samhita Panda, Sanjay Jaiswal, S Saravanan, Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia, Priyanka V Kashyap, P N Sylaja, Debashish Chowdhury, Sudhir Sharma, Aswini Sekar, Prashant Mathur","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_3512_2025","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_3512_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background and objectives Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon cause of stroke, with limited multicentre data from India. This study describes the clinical profile, risk factors, management, and outcomes of CVT from ICMR-NINE Hospital-Based Stroke Registry Programme. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of CVT cases reported from 30 hospitals across India (January 2020-December 2022) was conducted. Sociodemographic, clinical, imaging, treatment, and outcome data were analysed. Functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of 3-month mortality. Results Among 34,792 registered stroke cases, 575 (1.6%) had CVT. Mean age was 37.5 years, with 72.4% (n= 416) aged 18-44 years, and 60% (n=345) were male. Headache (n=468, 81.4%), motor impairment (n=285, 49.6%), and seizures (n=259 ,45%) were the common presentations. Haemorrhagic infarction (n=177, 30.8%) was the predominant parenchymal imaging finding, with multiple sinus involvement in 62.4% (n=339). Anaemia (n=186, 32.6%), alcohol use (n=174, 30.9%), and hyperhomocysteinemia (n=152, 26.6%) were the leading risk factors. At 3 months, 74.8% (n=430) achieved good outcomes (mRS 0-2), (n=60) 10.4% remained with some disability, and 9.2% (n=53) died. Mortality was independently associated with age ≥45 years [Odds ration (OR) 12.11 to 18.32 depending on age group], impaired consciousness [OR =2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-5.67; P=0.044], dysphagia at onset (OR =3.36, 95% CI: 1.48-7.65, P=0.004), and delayed arrival at hospital between 12-24 h after symptom onset (OR =4.25, 95% CI: 1.08-16.74, P=0.038). Interpretation and conclusions In India, CVT-related stroke predominantly affects young males. Anaemia, alcohol use, and hyperhomocysteinemia are the major risk factors. Older age, delayed hospital presentation between 12-24 h, impaired consciousness, and dysphagia at onset, predict higher mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"164 1","pages":"129-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}