{"title":"Spatial Imaging of Local Degradations in Li-ion Batteries Using Sparsely Distributed Active Sensors.","authors":"Jaewon Lee, Xiaoning Jiang, Howuk Kim","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3579871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3579871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the integrity of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with the aid of guided ultrasonic waves (GUWs) generated by an active sensing network. Despite the expanding demands for secondary batteries in industrial fields, safety concerns remain with respect to LIBs in conventional battery management systems. In order to avoid such safety concerns including unpredictable explosions of LIBs, we developed a novel non-invasive imaging method to inspect the health status of LIBs with a relatively large spatial area using GUWs. We attached nine piezoelectric transducers on the surface of a LiFePO<sup>4</sup> (LFP) battery by sectoring it into four spatial regions. The localized mechanical degradation of the LIB was simulated by attaching a weight that caused acoustic mismatch and wave interference. Numerical simulation results showed that acoustic signal changes caused by mechanical degradation in LIBs varied with the frequency and time domains. We investigated a status index based on the continuous wavelet transform for application to the probabilistic reconstruction algorithm. The method was then validated using an actual LFP battery with dimensions of approximately 210 × 300 × 12 mm<sup>3</sup>. The proposed method exhibited superior performance as compared with other existing indices, effectively capturing suspicious spatial regions with a high contrast-to-noise ratio of over 19%. The proposed Li-ion battery health status imaging method holds promise for inspecting and monitoring the integrity of specific spatial areas in LIBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gonzalo Collado-Lara, Geraldi Wahyulaksana, Hendrik J Vos, Klazina Kooiman
{"title":"Nondestructive Ultrasound Molecular Imaging with Higher-Order Singular Value Decomposition.","authors":"Gonzalo Collado-Lara, Geraldi Wahyulaksana, Hendrik J Vos, Klazina Kooiman","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3578895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3578895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound molecular imaging (UMI) uses targeted microbubbles (MBs) to detect disease-associated biomarkers. For UMI, distinguishing the acoustic signals produced by bound MBs from those by free MBs and tissue is critical. Currently, the main approach, known as differential Targeted Enhancement (DTE), is timeintensive and requires MB destruction. Here we introduce a novel, rapid, and non-destructive UMI technique utilizing higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD). HOSVD decomposes the signals of an acoustic contrast sequence, separating them owing to their nonlinear content and temporal coherence. The nonlinear separation enables distinction between tissue and MBs, while the temporal separation enables distinction between free and bound MBs. From the HOSVD output, we defined a bound MB indicator χ which indicates the presence of bound MBs. In our in vitro experiments, χ was lower for free MBs and tissue (0.04±0.03) compared to bound MBs (0.31±0.11 without free MBs, decreasing with concentration down to 0.11±0.07 at 20x10<sup>3</sup> free MBs/ml). In addition, the molecular signal determined from χ correlated well with a DTE ground truth acquisition. The method was compared to other nondestructive techniques such as low-pass filtering and normalized singular spectrum area, demonstrating an average molecular signal enhancement of 12 dB. Furthermore, when used as a binary classifier, our method achieved a detection of up to 1.81× more true positives while reducing false positives up to 1.78×. These findings suggest that HOSVD could pave the way to rapid, nondestructive UMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikola Radeljic-Jakic, Adriaan J Flikweert, Nuriel N M Rozsa, Hendrik J Vos, Michiel A P Pertijs
{"title":"Using Image Quality Metrics to Optimize the Design of Integrated Medical Ultrasound ADCs.","authors":"Nikola Radeljic-Jakic, Adriaan J Flikweert, Nuriel N M Rozsa, Hendrik J Vos, Michiel A P Pertijs","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3577258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3577258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging handheld and wearable ultra-sound devices enable diagnosis and long-term monitoring outside clinical settings. They require a low-power, highly complex, locally integrated system to process the RF data. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is a critical building block in the receive chain of these systems as it enables digital beamforming and image reconstruction. However, the ADCs currently used in cart-based imaging systems are bulky and consume too much power to be integrated into battery-powered devices. This paper investigates how the area and power consumption of the commonly-used successive approximation register (SAR) ADC can be reduced without negatively affecting B-mode and color-Doppler image quality. A Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation study was performed in which RF data acquired with a phased-array transducer in Field II was digitized using a model of a non-ideal ADC. Five different non-idealities were applied to four commonly used SAR-ADC architectures. B-mode and color-Doppler images were reconstructed from the digitized RF data. The impact of the non-idealities on the image quality was evaluated by means of three image quality metrics: peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The effectiveness of error correction and ways of calibration are also discussed. The results show that both B-mode imaging and color-Doppler imaging are inherently resilient to non-idealities, particularly capacitor mismatch, leading to relaxed ADC requirements and paving the way for more practical in-probe digitization.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Huang, Feifei Zhao, Yanjun Xie, F William Mauldin, Alexander L Klibanov, John A Hossack
{"title":"High-Resolution Ultrasound Molecular Imaging with Incremental Burst Sequence: in vitro and in vivo validation.","authors":"Yi Huang, Feifei Zhao, Yanjun Xie, F William Mauldin, Alexander L Klibanov, John A Hossack","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3576337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3576337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) enables super-resolution ultrasound (SRUS) imaging of microvasculature, while ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) characterizes molecular signatures using microbubbles (MBs) targeted to specific biomarkers. Although the co-localization of SRUS and USMI has been demonstrated previously, USMI resolution is limited by ultrasound diffraction-based effects and does not match the super-resolved microvasculature. This study introduces the Incremental Burst Sequence (IBS) method to induce the population of polydisperse targeted MBs to burst progressively, achieving MBs spatial separation and enabling high-resolution USMI (HR-USMI) localization. IBS method employs interleaved imaging and bursting pulses, with transmit voltages of bursting pulses incrementally increased to produce a gradual rise in the acoustic pressure. IBS is first validated optically in vitro using a cellulose tubing phantom, and MB remaining count during IBS is measured. Thereafter, in vivo validation is performed in a murine tumor model, and the intra-tumoral targeted MB signal intensity is measured during IBS. Furthermore, high frame-rate data for SRUS and IBS data for HR-USMI are acquired from a single bolus injection of MBs to generate composite images with high-resolution molecular signatures superimposed on the tumor microvasculature. Both in vitro and in vivo results validate the technical feasibility of the proposed IBS method. In addition, we demonstrate that higher bursting pulse repetitions lead to a faster disruption of the MB population during IBS. Finally, HR-USMI signals localized within a 50 μm × 50 μm grid are aligned with microvessels resolved better than 100 μm, presenting a combination of molecular signatures and anatomical structures at fine resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing 3D Radio-Frequency Data in Quantitative Acoustic Microscopy Using Quantum-Driven Prior at 250-MHz and 500-MHz.","authors":"Sayantan Dutta, Jonathan Mamou","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3576239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3576239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative acoustic microscopy (QAM) uses ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (>200-MHz) to create two-dimensional maps of acoustic and mechanical properties of tissue at microscopic resolutions (<8μm). Despite significant advancements in QAM, the spatial resolution of current systems, operating at 250-MHz and 500-MHz, may remain insufficient for certain biomedical applications. However, developing a QAM system with finer resolution by using higher-frequency transducers is costly, necessitates skilled operators, and these systems are more sensitive to the outside environment (e.g., vibrations, temperature). This study extends a resolution enhancement framework by proposing a generalized 3D-approach for processing QAM radio-frequency data. The framework utilizes a quantum-based adaptive-denoiser, DeQuIP, implemented as a regularization-prior (RED-prior) to enhance QAM-maps. Key contributions include a temporal hyperparameter optimization, accelerated algorithm integration, and application of quantum-interaction theory. DeQuIP employs quantum wave-functions, derived from the acquired data, as adaptive transformations that function as a RED-prior. This enables the framework to generate a temporally tailored regularization functional, allowing accurate modeling of complex physical phenomena in ultrasound propagation and providing a significant advantage over traditional regularizations in QAM imaging. The effectiveness of the proposed framework in enhancing resolution is demonstrated through both qualitative and quantitative analyses of experimental 2D parameter maps obtained from 250-MHz and 500-MHz QAM systems, alongside comparisons with a standard framework. Our framework demonstrates superior performance in recovering fine and subtle details, enhancing the spatial resolution of QAM-maps by 38.2-39.5%, surpassing the state-of-the-art framework, which achieved only 13.4-26.1% improvement, and shows notable visual improvements in spatial details when compared to histology images.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura May Davis;David Q. Le;Santiago Martinez-Correa;Misun Hwang
{"title":"Microvascular Ultrasound Imaging in the Neonatal Brain: From Advanced Doppler to Super-Resolution","authors":"Laura May Davis;David Q. Le;Santiago Martinez-Correa;Misun Hwang","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3573143","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3573143","url":null,"abstract":"In imaging the neonatal brain, overcoming the diffraction limit of conventional ultrasound is required to achieve images of sufficient spatial resolution. Super-resolution imaging uses ultrasound localization microscopy to image inert microbubble contrast at high frame rates, allowing exquisite detail and flow information on intracranial vessels. While currently more common in research settings, super-resolution imaging is beginning to see selective clinical use. In contrast, advanced Doppler techniques, which do not require contrast, offer flow imaging far better than that of conventional Doppler and are readily available in the clinical setting. We discuss the pros and cons of both modalities and the promising applications of both in the clinical setting with a series of case examples.","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"72 7","pages":"879-888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High Figure-of-Merit 36Y-cut LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Lamb Wave Resonators with Dissipation Loss Optimization.","authors":"Yushuai Liu, Xuankai Xu, Jiawei Li, Tao Wu","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3575500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3575500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, we present the development of high figure-of-merit (FOM) symmetric Lamb wave (S<sub>0</sub>) mode resonators using 36Y-cut single crystal lithium niobate (LiNbO<sub>3</sub>) thin films. This study enhances quality factor (Q<sub>s</sub>) through optimization of anchor dimensions and in-plane rotated angle (α). A periodic relationship between Q<sub>s</sub> and α was observed, which is attributed to anisotropic viscosity coefficient (η) of the S0 mode in 36Y-cut LiNbO<sub>3</sub>. A method of acoustic delay lines (ADLs) for evaluating η related to anisotropic intrinsic loss mechanism is proposed on this platform. In this method, the experimental results indicate an inverse correlation between η and Qs. Notably, our findings explicitly demonstrate that the condition for minimal acoustic loss does not universally correspond to PFA = 0, emphasizing the necessity of a quantitative η analysis. Our optimized resonator exhibits an electromechanical coupling coefficient (k<sup>2</sup><sub>t</sub>) of 12.3% and a significant Q<sub>s</sub> of 2273 at 323.6 MHz, resulting in an FOM of approximately 280. The reported platform can potentially deliver high-performance radio frequency (RF) applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequency shifts in a coherent population trapping Cs vapor cell atomic clock.","authors":"Juliette Breurec, Moustafa Abdel Hafiz, Claudio E Calosso, Oriane Lelievre, Rodolphe Boudot","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3575002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3575002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report on measurements of frequency shifts in a high-performance microwave cesium vapor cell atomic clock based on coherent population trapping (CPT). The dependence of the clock frequency on numerous experimental parameters, such as the laser power, the laser frequency, the microwave power, the cell temperature, the static magnetic field, but also the temperature of some key components, or the translation and rotation of critical wave plates and optical elements, is investigated. The stability budget of the clock frequency at 1 day is reported and discussed. This study constitutes a solid database for the future demonstration of a CPT-based cell clock with enhanced mid- and long-term stability performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lok Yin Nicholas Chan, Sarina Grewal, Shusei Kawara, Jiho Kim, James J Choi, Sophie V Morse
{"title":"Film-based Cell Culture Device and In Vitro Setup for Ultrasound Modulation.","authors":"Lok Yin Nicholas Chan, Sarina Grewal, Shusei Kawara, Jiho Kim, James J Choi, Sophie V Morse","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3569498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3569498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional ultrasound in vitro systems, such as petri dishes and well plates often introduce acoustic reflections and pressure accumulation, compromising the reliability and reproducibility of experimental results. Custom sonication vessels and setups, while addressing some of these issues, often involve complicated assembly processes and can be compatible only with specific experimental setups. To address these limitations, we developed an easy-to-use 3D-printed device that utilizes parafilm on the top and bottom, enabling the device chamber to be optimized for quick assembly, contamination prevention and ultrasound wave propagation. Pressure field mapping with a needle-hydrophone confirmed a predictable ultrasound pressure distribution within the device. In addition to parafilm, Mylar and polystyrene films were tested showing minimal interference when measuring the pressure field. Rat-derived primary astrocytes and microglial cells, as well as immortalized human embryonic kidney-derived HEK293t cells, were cultured directly onto pre-coated Mylar films, which exhibit superior optical and acoustic transparency. These cell types were selected due to their wide range of potential applications, especially in the emerging field of ultrasound modulation and sonogenetics. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue exclusion and the results demonstrate the feasibility of seeding cells onto Mylar film. The device maintained sterility with no leakage, confirming its efficacy and reliability for cell culture experiments. This novel 3D-printed device provides more control over the ultrasound parameters delivered to cells. Its adaptable design supports flexible modifications, allowing researchers to tailor it to specific experimental needs, thereby improving the accuracy and reproducibility of in vitro ultrasound modulation studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filip Ivanovski, Vid Jazbec, Nina Varda, Roman Jerala, Mojca Beneina
{"title":"Ultrasound-responsive mammalian cell synthetic biology.","authors":"Filip Ivanovski, Vid Jazbec, Nina Varda, Roman Jerala, Mojca Beneina","doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3570813","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TUFFC.2025.3570813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sonogenetics is developing into a powerful tool in synthetic biology. The coupling of ultrasound with genetically engineered effectors enables non-invasive and precise control of cellular and molecular processes. Building on established techniques such as optogenetics, it overcomes the limits of tissue penetration and invasiveness, making it a promising tool for both research and therapeutic applications. Recent advances in acoustic contrast agents, such as microbubbles and gas vesicles, have improved the mechanical effects of ultrasound on cells, extending its application to various biological systems. This review highlights recent advances and challenges, such as standardization of parameters and understanding of underlying mechanisms, and outlines future directions for ultrasound-guided cellular control.</p>","PeriodicalId":13322,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}