Immune Network最新文献_第3页

Cytokine Storm Related to CD4⁺ T Cells in Influenza Virus-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy. 流感病毒相关急性坏死性脑病中与 CD4+ T 细胞有关的细胞因子风暴

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-04-29 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e18

Shushu Wang, Dongyao Wang, Xuesong Wang, Mingwu Chen, Yanshi Wang, Haoquan Zhou, Yonggang Zhou, Yong Lv, Haiming Wei

{"title":"Cytokine Storm Related to CD4+ T Cells in Influenza Virus-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy.","authors":"Shushu Wang, Dongyao Wang, Xuesong Wang, Mingwu Chen, Yanshi Wang, Haoquan Zhou, Yonggang Zhou, Yong Lv, Haiming Wei","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e18","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e18","url":null,"abstract":"Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare but deadly complication with an unclear pathogenesis. We aimed to elucidate the immune characteristics of H1N1 influenza virus-associated ANE (IANE) and provide a potential therapeutic approach for IANE. Seven pediatric cases from a concentrated outbreak of H1N1 influenza were included in this study. The patients' CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood decreased sharply in number but highly expressed Eomesodermin (Eomes), CD69 and PD-1, companied with extremely high levels of IL-6, IL-8 in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Patient 2, who showed high fever and seizures and was admitted to the hospital very early in the disease course, received intravenous tocilizumab and subsequently showed a reduction in temperature and a stable conscious state 24 h later. In conclusion, a proinflammatory cytokine storm associated with activated CD4+ T cells may cause severe brain pathology in IANE. Tocilizumab may be helpful in treating IANE.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 2","pages":"e18"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11076295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decay-Accelerating Factor Differentially Associates With Complement-Mediated Damage in Synovium After Meniscus Tear as Compared to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. 与前十字韧带损伤相比，半月板撕裂后衰变加速因子与补体介导的滑膜损伤有不同的关联。

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-04-29 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e17

V Michael Holers, Rachel M Frank, Michael Zuscik, Carson Keeter, Robert I Scheinman, Christopher Striebich, Dmitri Simberg, Michael R Clay, Larry W Moreland, Nirmal K Banda

{"title":"Decay-Accelerating Factor Differentially Associates With Complement-Mediated Damage in Synovium After Meniscus Tear as Compared to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.","authors":"V Michael Holers, Rachel M Frank, Michael Zuscik, Carson Keeter, Robert I Scheinman, Christopher Striebich, Dmitri Simberg, Michael R Clay, Larry W Moreland, Nirmal K Banda","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e17","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e17","url":null,"abstract":"We have reported that anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury leads to the differential dysregulation of the complement system in the synovium as compared to meniscus tear (MT) and proposed this as a mechanism for a greater post-injury prevalence of post traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). To explore additional roles of complement proteins and regulators, we determined the presence of decay-accelerating factor (DAF), C5b, and membrane attack complexes (MACs, C5b-9) in discarded surgical synovial tissue (DSST) collected during arthroscopic ACL reconstructive surgery, MT-related meniscectomy, osteoarthritis (OA)-related knee replacement surgery and normal controls. Multiplexed immunohistochemistry was used to detect and quantify complement proteins. To explore the involvement of body mass index (BMI), after these 2 injuries, we examined correlations among DAF, C5b, MAC and BMI. Using these approaches, we found that synovial cells after ACL injury expressed a significantly lower level of DAF as compared to MT (p<0.049). In contrast, C5b staining synovial cells were significantly higher after ACL injury (p<0.0009) and in OA DSST (p<0.039) compared to MT. Interestingly, there were significantly positive correlations between DAF & C5b (r=0.75, p<0.018) and DAF & C5b (r=0.64 p<0.022) after ACL injury and MT, respectively. The data support that DAF, which should normally dampen C5b deposition due to its regulatory activities on C3/C5 convertases, does not appear to exhibit that function in inflamed synovia following either ACL injury or MT. Ineffective DAF regulation may be an additional mechanism by which relatively uncontrolled complement activation damages tissue in these injury states.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 2","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11076301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the CAR T Cells: TIL Therapy for Solid Tumors. 超越 CAR T 细胞：治疗实体瘤的 TIL疗法。

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-04-18 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e16

Rohit Singh

引用次数: 0

Oxidized LDL Accelerates Cartilage Destruction and Inflammatory Chondrocyte Death in Osteoarthritis by Disrupting the TFEB-Regulated Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway. 氧化低密度脂蛋白通过干扰 TFEB 调节的自噬-溶酶体途径，加速骨关节炎中软骨的破坏和炎性软骨细胞的死亡

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-04-12 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e15

Jeong Su Lee, Yun Hwan Kim, JooYeon Jhun, Hyun Sik Na, In Gyu Um, Jeong Won Choi, Jin Seok Woo, Seung Hyo Kim, Asode Ananthram Shetty, Seok Jung Kim, Mi-La Cho

{"title":"Oxidized LDL Accelerates Cartilage Destruction and Inflammatory Chondrocyte Death in Osteoarthritis by Disrupting the TFEB-Regulated Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway.","authors":"Jeong Su Lee, Yun Hwan Kim, JooYeon Jhun, Hyun Sik Na, In Gyu Um, Jeong Won Choi, Jin Seok Woo, Seung Hyo Kim, Asode Ananthram Shetty, Seok Jung Kim, Mi-La Cho","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e15","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e15","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis (OA) involves cartilage degeneration, thereby causing inflammation and pain. Cardiovascular diseases, such as dyslipidemia, are risk factors for OA; however, the mechanism is unclear. We investigated the effect of dyslipidemia on the development of OA. Treatment of cartilage cells with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) enhanced abnormal autophagy but suppressed normal autophagy and reduced the activity of transcription factor EB (TFEB), which is important for the function of lysosomes. Treatment of LDL-exposed chondrocytes with rapamycin, which activates TFEB, restored normal autophagy. Also, LDL enhanced the inflammatory death of chondrocytes, an effect reversed by rapamycin. In an animal model of hyperlipidemia-associated OA, dyslipidemia accelerated the development of OA, an effect reversed by treatment with a statin, an anti-dyslipidemia drug, or rapamycin, which activates TFEB. Dyslipidemia reduced the autophagic flux and induced necroptosis in the cartilage tissue of patients with OA. The levels of triglycerides, LDL, and total cholesterol were increased in patients with OA compared to those without OA. The C-reactive protein level of patients with dyslipidemia was higher than that of those without dyslipidemia after total knee replacement arthroplasty. In conclusion, oxidized LDL, an important risk factor of dyslipidemia, inhibited the activity of TFEB and reduced the autophagic flux, thereby inducing necroptosis in chondrocytes.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 3","pages":"e15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Th17 Cell and Inflammatory Infiltrate Interactions in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Unraveling Immunopathogenic Mechanisms. 皮肤利什曼病中 Th17 细胞与炎症浸润的相互作用：揭示免疫致病机制

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-03-27 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e14

Abraham U Morales-Primo, Ingeborg Becker, Claudia Patricia Pedraza-Zamora, Jaime Zamora-Chimal

{"title":"Th17 Cell and Inflammatory Infiltrate Interactions in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Unraveling Immunopathogenic Mechanisms.","authors":"Abraham U Morales-Primo, Ingeborg Becker, Claudia Patricia Pedraza-Zamora, Jaime Zamora-Chimal","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e14","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e14","url":null,"abstract":"The inflammatory response during cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) involves immune and non-immune cell cooperation to contain and eliminate Leishmania parasites. The orchestration of these responses is coordinated primarily by CD4+ T cells; however, the disease outcome depends on the Th cell predominant phenotype. Although Th1 and Th2 phenotypes are the most addressed as steers for the resolution or perpetuation of the disease, Th17 cell activities, especially IL-17 release, are recognized to be vital during CL development. Th17 cells perform vital functions during both acute and chronic phases of CL. Overall, Th17 cells induce the migration of phagocytes (neutrophils, macrophages) to the infection site and CD8+ T cells and NK cell activation. They also provoke granzyme and perforin secretion from CD8+ T cells, macrophage differentiation towards an M2 phenotype, and expansion of B and Treg cells. Likewise, immune cells from the inflammatory infiltrate have modulatory activities over Th17 cells involving their differentiation from naive CD4+ T cells and further expansion by generating a microenvironment rich in optimal cytokines such as IL-1β, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-21. Th17 cell activities and synergies are crucial for the resistance of the infection during the early and acute stages; however, if unchecked, Th17 cells might lead to a chronic stage. This review discusses the synergies between Th17 cells and the inflammatory infiltrate and how these interactions might destine the course of CL.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 2","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11076297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytokines and Immune Disorders: Illuminating Cytokines as Hubs Within the Immune Network. 细胞因子与免疫失调：阐明细胞因子在免疫网络中的枢纽作用。

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-02-26 eCollection Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e13

Seung-Woo Lee, Chong-Kil Lee

引用次数: 0

Exosomes in Action: Unraveling Their Role in Autoimmune Diseases and Exploring Potential Therapeutic Applications. 外泌体的作用：揭示外泌体在自身免疫性疾病中的作用，探索潜在的治疗应用。

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-02-20 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e12

Shuanglong Zhou, Jialing Huang, Yi Zhang, Hongsong Yu, Xin Wang

引用次数: 0

IL-15 in T-Cell Responses and Immunopathogenesis. T 细胞反应和免疫发病机制中的 IL-15

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-02-16 eCollection Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e11

Hoyoung Lee, Su-Hyung Park, Eui-Cheol Shin

引用次数: 0

Cytokines, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors, and PlGF in Autoimmunity: Insights From Rheumatoid Arthritis to Multiple Sclerosis. 自身免疫中的细胞因子、血管内皮生长因子和 PlGF：从类风湿性关节炎到多发性硬化症的启示。

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-02-16 eCollection Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e10

Young Eun Lee, Seung-Hyo Lee, Wan-Uk Kim

{"title":"Cytokines, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors, and PlGF in Autoimmunity: Insights From Rheumatoid Arthritis to Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Young Eun Lee, Seung-Hyo Lee, Wan-Uk Kim","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e10","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e10","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we will explore the intricate roles of cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factors in autoimmune diseases (ADs), with a particular focus on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS). AD is characterized by self-destructive immune responses due to auto-reactive T lymphocytes and Abs. Among various types of ADs, RA and MS possess inflammation as a central role but in different sites of the patients. Other common aspects among these two ADs are their chronicity and relapsing-remitting symptoms requiring continuous management. First factor inducing these ADs are cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17, which play significant roles in the pathogenesis by contributing to inflammation, immune cell activation, and tissue damage. Secondly, vascular endothelial growth factors, including VEGF and angiopoietins, are crucial in promoting angiogenesis and inflammation in these two ADs. Finally, placental growth factor (PlGF), an emerging factor with bi-directional roles in angiogenesis and T cell differentiation, as we introduce as an \"angio-lymphokine\" is another key factor in ADs. Thus, while angiogenesis recruits more inflammatory cells into the peripheral sites, cytokines secreted by effector cells play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ADs. Various therapeutic interventions targeting these soluble molecules have shown promise in managing autoimmune pathogenic conditions. However, delicate interplay between cytokines, angiogenic factors, and PlGF has more to be studied when considering their complementary role in actual pathogenic conditions. Understanding the complex interactions among these factors provides valuable insights for the development of innovative therapies for RA and MS, offering hope for improved patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 1","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140059231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harnessing the Power of IL-7 to Boost T Cell Immunity in Experimental and Clinical Immunotherapies. 在实验和临床免疫疗法中利用 IL-7 的力量增强 T 细胞免疫力。

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-02-15 eCollection Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e9

Jung-Hyun Park, Seung-Woo Lee, Donghoon Choi, Changhyung Lee, Young Chul Sung

{"title":"Harnessing the Power of IL-7 to Boost T Cell Immunity in Experimental and Clinical Immunotherapies.","authors":"Jung-Hyun Park, Seung-Woo Lee, Donghoon Choi, Changhyung Lee, Young Chul Sung","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e9","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e9","url":null,"abstract":"The cytokine IL-7 plays critical and nonredundant roles in T cell immunity so that the abundance and availability of IL-7 act as key regulatory mechanisms in T cell immunity. Importantly, IL-7 is not produced by T cells themselves but primarily by non-lymphoid lineage stromal cells and epithelial cells that are limited in their numbers. Thus, T cells depend on cell extrinsic IL-7, and the amount of in vivo IL-7 is considered a major factor in maximizing and maintaining the number of T cells in peripheral tissues. Moreover, IL-7 provides metabolic cues and promotes the survival of both naïve and memory T cells. Thus, IL-7 is also essential for the functional fitness of T cells. In this regard, there has been an extensive effort trying to increase the protein abundance of IL-7 in vivo, with the aim to augment T cell immunity and harness T cell functions in anti-tumor responses. Such approaches started under experimental animal models, but they recently culminated into clinical studies, with striking effects in re-establishing T cell immunity in immunocompromised patients, as well as boosting anti-tumor effects. Depending on the design, glycosylation, and the structure of recombinantly engineered IL-7 proteins and their mimetics, recombinant IL-7 molecules have shown dramatic differences in their stability, efficacy, cellular effects, and overall immune functions. The current review is aimed to summarize the past and present efforts in the field that led to clinical trials, and to highlight the therapeutical significance of IL-7 biology as a master regulator of T cell immunity.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 1","pages":"e9"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140059232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0