Immune Network最新文献_第10页

COVID-19 Therapeutics: An Update on Effective Treatments Against Infection With SARS-CoV-2 Variants. 新冠肺炎治疗：有效治疗SARS-CoV-2变异株感染的最新进展。

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-03-23 eCollection Date: 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e13

Bill Thaddeus Padasas, Erica Españo, Sang-Hyun Kim, Youngcheon Song, Chong-Kil Lee, Jeong-Ki Kim

{"title":"COVID-19 Therapeutics: An Update on Effective Treatments Against Infection With SARS-CoV-2 Variants.","authors":"Bill Thaddeus Padasas, Erica Españo, Sang-Hyun Kim, Youngcheon Song, Chong-Kil Lee, Jeong-Ki Kim","doi":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e13","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e13","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the most consequential global health crises in over a century. Since its discovery in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to mutate into different variants and sublineages, rendering previously potent treatments and vaccines ineffective. With significant strides in clinical and pharmaceutical research, different therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. The currently available treatments can be broadly classified based on their potential targets and molecular mechanisms. Antiviral agents function by disrupting different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while immune-based treatments mainly act on the human inflammatory response responsible for disease severity. In this review, we discuss some of the current treatments for COVID-19, their mode of actions, and their efficacy against variants of concern. This review highlights the need to constantly evaluate COVID-19 treatment strategies to protect high risk populations and fill in the gaps left by vaccination.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"23 2","pages":"e13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/4f/in-23-e13.PMC10166656.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9838439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Exercise With a Novel Digital Device Increased Serum Anti-influenza Antibody Titers After Influenza Vaccination. 使用新型数字设备锻炼可提高接种流感疫苗后的血清抗流感抗体滴度。

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-27 eCollection Date: 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e18

Jun-Pyo Choi, Ghazal Ayoub, Jarang Ham, Youngmin Huh, Seung Eun Choi, Yu-Kyoung Hwang, Ji Yun Noh, Sae-Hoon Kim, Joon Young Song, Eu Suk Kim, Yoon-Seok Chang

{"title":"Exercise With a Novel Digital Device Increased Serum Anti-influenza Antibody Titers After Influenza Vaccination.","authors":"Jun-Pyo Choi, Ghazal Ayoub, Jarang Ham, Youngmin Huh, Seung Eun Choi, Yu-Kyoung Hwang, Ji Yun Noh, Sae-Hoon Kim, Joon Young Song, Eu Suk Kim, Yoon-Seok Chang","doi":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e18","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e18","url":null,"abstract":"It has been reported that some exercise could enhance the anti-viral antibody titers after vaccination including influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines. We developed SAT-008, a novel digital device, consists of physical activities and activities related to the autonomic nervous system. We assessed the feasibility of SAT-008 to boost host immunity after an influenza vaccination by a randomized, open-label, and controlled study on adults administered influenza vaccines in the previous year. Among 32 participants, the SAT-008 showed a significant increase in the anti-influenza antibody titers assessed by hemagglutination-inhibition test against antigen subtype B Yamagata lineage after 4 wk of vaccination and subtype B Victoria lineage after 12 wk (p<0.05). There was no difference in the antibody titers against subtype \"A.\" The SAT-008 also showed significant increase in the plasma cytokine levels of IL-10, IL-1β, and IL-6 at weeks 4 and 12 after the vaccination (p<0.05). A new approach using the digital device may boost host immunity against virus via vaccine adjuvant-like effects.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04916145.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"23 2","pages":"e18"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/fb/in-23-e18.PMC10166655.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9467552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Back to the T Cell: Basic and Clinical Application. 回到 T 细胞：基础与临床应用》（Back to the T Cell: Basic and Clinical Application）。

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-24 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e1

Yong Woo Jung, Su-Hyung Park, Chang-Duk Jun

引用次数: 0

Gut Microbial Metabolites on Host Immune Responses in Health and Disease. 肠道微生物代谢物对健康和疾病中宿主免疫反应的影响

IF 6 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-24 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e6

Jong-Hwi Yoon, Jun-Soo Do, Priyanka Velankanni, Choong-Gu Lee, Ho-Keun Kwon

{"title":"Gut Microbial Metabolites on Host Immune Responses in Health and Disease.","authors":"Jong-Hwi Yoon, Jun-Soo Do, Priyanka Velankanni, Choong-Gu Lee, Ho-Keun Kwon","doi":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e6","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e6","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal microorganisms interact with various immune cells and are involved in gut homeostasis and immune regulation. Although many studies have discussed the roles of the microorganisms themselves, interest in the effector function of their metabolites is increasing. The metabolic processes of these molecules provide important clues to the existence and function of gut microbes. The interrelationship between metabolites and T lymphocytes in particular plays a significant role in adaptive immune functions. Our current review focuses on 3 groups of metabolites: short-chain fatty acids, bile acids metabolites, and polyamines. We collated the findings of several studies on the transformation and production of these metabolites by gut microbes and explained their immunological roles. Specifically, we summarized the reports on changes in mucosal immune homeostasis represented by the Tregs and Th17 cells balance. The relationship between specific metabolites and diseases was also analyzed through latest studies. Thus, this review highlights microbial metabolites as the hidden treasure having potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets through a comprehensive understanding of the gut-immune interaction.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"23 1","pages":"e6"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/8e/in-23-e6.PMC9995988.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9471678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Function of Memory CD8+ T Cells in Immunotherapy for Human Diseases. 记忆 CD8+ T 细胞在人类疾病免疫疗法中的功能。

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-23 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e10

Hanbyeul Choi, Yeaji Kim, Yong Woo Jung

引用次数: 0

Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Context-Dependent Plasticity in T-Helper Lineages. 转录和表观遗传调控 T 细胞系的情境依赖性可塑性

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-23 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e5

Meyer J Friedman, Haram Lee, June-Yong Lee, Soohwan Oh

{"title":"Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Context-Dependent Plasticity in T-Helper Lineages.","authors":"Meyer J Friedman, Haram Lee, June-Yong Lee, Soohwan Oh","doi":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e5","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e5","url":null,"abstract":"Th cell lineage determination and functional specialization are tightly linked to the activation of lineage-determining transcription factors (TFs) that bind cis-regulatory elements. These lineage-determining TFs act in concert with multiple layers of transcriptional regulators to alter the epigenetic landscape, including DNA methylation, histone modification and three-dimensional chromosome architecture, in order to facilitate the specific Th gene expression programs that allow for phenotypic diversification. Accumulating evidence indicates that Th cell differentiation is not as rigid as classically held; rather, extensive phenotypic plasticity is an inherent feature of T cell lineages. Recent studies have begun to uncover the epigenetic programs that mechanistically govern T cell subset specification and immunological memory. Advances in next generation sequencing technologies have allowed global transcriptomic and epigenomic interrogation of CD4+ Th cells that extends previous findings focusing on individual loci. In this review, we provide an overview of recent genome-wide insights into the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of CD4+ T cell-mediated adaptive immunity and discuss the implications for disease as well as immunotherapies.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"23 1","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/90/6a/in-23-e5.PMC9995996.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9471677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbial Components and Effector Molecules in T Helper Cell Differentiation and Function. T 辅助细胞分化和功能中的微生物成分和效应分子

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-22 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e7

Changhon Lee, Haena Lee, John Chulhoon Park, Sin-Hyeog Im

{"title":"Microbial Components and Effector Molecules in T Helper Cell Differentiation and Function.","authors":"Changhon Lee, Haena Lee, John Chulhoon Park, Sin-Hyeog Im","doi":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e7","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e7","url":null,"abstract":"The mammalian intestines harbor trillions of commensal microorganisms composed of thousands of species that are collectively called gut microbiota. Among the microbiota, bacteria are the predominant microorganism, with viruses, protozoa, and fungi (mycobiota) making up a relatively smaller population. The microbial communities play fundamental roles in the maturation and orchestration of the immune landscape in health and disease. Primarily, the gut microbiota modulates the immune system to maintain homeostasis and plays a crucial role in regulating the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of inflammatory, neuronal, and metabolic disorders. The microbiota modulates the host immune system through direct interactions with immune cells or indirect mechanisms such as producing short-chain acids and diverse metabolites. Numerous researchers have put extensive efforts into investigating the role of microbes in immune regulation, discovering novel immunomodulatory microbial species, identifying key effector molecules, and demonstrating how microbes and their key effector molecules mechanistically impact the host immune system. Consequently, recent studies suggest that several microbial species and their immunomodulatory molecules have therapeutic applicability in preclinical settings of multiple disorders. Nonetheless, it is still unclear why and how a handful of microorganisms and their key molecules affect the host immunity in diverse diseases. This review mainly discusses the role of microbes and their metabolites in T helper cell differentiation, immunomodulatory function, and their modes of action.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"23 1","pages":"e7"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cb/d4/in-23-e7.PMC9995987.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9157321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

T Cell Microvilli: Finger-Shaped External Structures Linked to the Fate of T Cells. T 细胞微绒毛：与 T 细胞命运相关的指状外部结构

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-21 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e3

Hye-Ran Kim, Jeong-Su Park, Won-Chang Soh, Na-Young Kim, Hyun-Yoong Moon, Ji-Su Lee, Chang-Duk Jun

{"title":"T Cell Microvilli: Finger-Shaped External Structures Linked to the Fate of T Cells.","authors":"Hye-Ran Kim, Jeong-Su Park, Won-Chang Soh, Na-Young Kim, Hyun-Yoong Moon, Ji-Su Lee, Chang-Duk Jun","doi":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e3","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2023.23.e3","url":null,"abstract":"Microvilli are outer membrane organelles that contain cross-linked filamentous actin. Unlike well-characterized epithelial microvilli, T-cell microvilli are dynamic similar to those of filopodia, which grow and shrink intermittently via the alternate actin-assembly and -disassembly. T-cell microvilli are specialized for sensing Ags on the surface of Ag-presenting cells (APCs). Thus, these finger-shaped microprotrusions contain many signaling-related proteins and can serve as a signaling platforms that induce intracellular signals. However, they are not limited to sensing external information but can provide sites for parts of the cell-body to tear away from the cell. Cells are known to produce many types of extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, microvesicles, and membrane particles. T cells also produce EVs, but little is known about under what conditions T cells generate EVs and which types of EVs are released. We discovered that T cells produce few exosomes but release large amounsts of microvilli-derived particles during physical interaction with APCs. Although much is unanswered as to why T cells use the same organelles to sense Ags or to produce EVs, these events can significantly affect T cell fate, including clonal expansion and death. Since TCRs are localized at microvilli tips, this membrane event also raises a new question regarding long-standing paradigm in T cell biology; i.e., surface TCR downmodulation following T cell activation. Since T-cell microvilli particles carry T-cell message to their cognate partner, these particles are termed T-cell immunological synaptosomes (TISs). We discuss the potential physiological role of TISs and their application to immunotherapies.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"23 1","pages":"e3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b0/aa/in-23-e3.PMC9995986.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9455871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Roles of Virtual Memory T Cells in Diseases. 虚拟记忆 T 细胞在疾病中的作用

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-20 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e11

Joon Seok, Sung-Dong Cho, Seong Jun Seo, Su-Hyung Park

引用次数: 0

Molecular Mechanisms of T Helper Cell Differentiation and Functional Specialization. T 辅助细胞分化和功能特化的分子机制

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2023-02-17 eCollection Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e4

Gap Ryol Lee

引用次数: 0