Immune Network最新文献_第2页

Efficient In Vitro Plasma Cell Differentiation by B Cell Receptor Activation and Cytokine Stimulation. 通过 B 细胞受体激活和细胞因子刺激实现高效体外浆细胞分化

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-09-26 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e35

Hyun-Sup Song, You-Me Kim

{"title":"Efficient In Vitro Plasma Cell Differentiation by B Cell Receptor Activation and Cytokine Stimulation.","authors":"Hyun-Sup Song, You-Me Kim","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4110/in.2024.24.e35","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma cells (PCs) constitute a small proportion of B cells, limiting their biochemical characterization. An in vitro culture system that reliably generates PCs could provide an alternative method to obtain PCs for further analysis and manipulation. To date, most in vitro PC differentiation methods rely on B cell receptor (BCR)-independent stimulants, including TLR ligands, CD40L, and cytokines. However, these methods do not fully recapitulate the natural T cell-dependent PC differentiation process, in which BCR activation is the initial events. In this study, we established an efficient in vitro PC differentiation method incorporating BCR stimulation. Naïve B cells were first stimulated with anti-IgM and anti-CD40 Abs, followed by stimulation with various cytokines. By screening cytokines known to participate in PC differentiation in vivo, we identified that the combination of IL-4 and IL-5 induced the most efficient PC differentiation. The in vitro generated PCs highly expressed PC-associated surface markers and regulatory genes. Additionally, they secreted high amounts of IgM and IgG Abs. Moreover, retroviral transduction of B cells resulted in efficient target gene expression in PCs. Our new method closely mimics natural PC differentiation and effectively generates a large quantity of PCs for various applications, including elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying PC differentiation.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 5","pages":"e35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current Developments in NK Cell Engagers for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on CD16A and NKp46. 用于癌症免疫疗法的 NK 细胞参与因子的最新进展：聚焦 CD16A 和 NKp46。

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-08-19 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e34

Min Hwa Shin, Eunha Oh, Dohsik Minn

{"title":"Current Developments in NK Cell Engagers for Cancer Immunotherapy: Focus on CD16A and NKp46.","authors":"Min Hwa Shin, Eunha Oh, Dohsik Minn","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4110/in.2024.24.e34","url":null,"abstract":"NK cells are specialized immune effector cells crucial for triggering immune responses against aberrant cells. Although recent advancements have concentrated on creating or releasing T-cell responses specific to tumor Ags, the clinical advantages of this approach have been limited to certain groups of patients and tumor types. This emphasizes the need for alternative strategies. One pioneering approach involves broadening and enhancing anti-tumor immune responses by targeting innate immunity. Consequently, the advent of bi-, tri-, and multi-specific Abs has facilitated the advancement of targeted cancer immunotherapies by redirecting immune effector cells to eradicate tumor cells. These Abs enable the simultaneous binding of surface Ags on tumor cells and the activation of receptors on innate immune cells, such as NK cells, with the ability to facilitate Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity to enhance their immunotherapeutic effectiveness in patients with solid tumors. Here, we review the recent advances in NK cell engagers (NKCEs) focusing on NK cell-activating receptors CD16A and NKp46. In addition, we provide an overview of the ongoing clinical trials investigating the safety, efficacy, and potential of NKCEs.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 5","pages":"e34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Th Pathways in Immune-Mediated Skin Disorders: A Guide for Strategic Treatment Decisions. 免疫介导的皮肤疾病的途径：治疗战略决策指南》。

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-08-14 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e33

Reinhart Speeckaert, Arno Belpaire, Jo Lambert, Marijn Speeckaert, Nanja van Geel

{"title":"Th Pathways in Immune-Mediated Skin Disorders: A Guide for Strategic Treatment Decisions.","authors":"Reinhart Speeckaert, Arno Belpaire, Jo Lambert, Marijn Speeckaert, Nanja van Geel","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4110/in.2024.24.e33","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there have been significant breakthroughs in the identification of immunological components of skin diseases and in the development of immunomodulatory drugs. Novel therapies create exciting prospects for personalized care. This article provides an overview of the role played by Th1, Th2, Th17, and follicular Th pathways in the most common skin diseases. Additionally, it elucidates the impact of current and upcoming treatments on each of these signaling cascades. Skin diseases predominantly influenced by a single dominant Th pathway such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are well-suited for biologics. However, in many other disorders a complex interplay between different immune pathways exists. This can lead to inconsistent efficacy of biologics based on individual patient profiles. In case of activation of several Th pathways, it may be more suitable to consider conventional therapies or JAK inhibitors. Increasing immunological insights have transitioned from laboratory research to practical applications, a trend that is expected to continue growing in the future.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 5","pages":"e33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-Dose Radiotherapy Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Arthritis by Inducing Apoptosis of Lymphocytes and Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. 低剂量放疗通过诱导淋巴细胞和纤维母细胞样滑膜细胞凋亡减轻实验性自身免疫性关节炎的病情

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-08-12 eCollection Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e32

Bo-Gyu Kim, Hoon Sik Choi, Yong-Ho Choe, Hyun Min Jeon, Ji Yeon Heo, Yun-Hong Cheon, Ki Mun Kang, Sang-Il Lee, Bae Kwon Jeong, Mingyo Kim

{"title":"Low-Dose Radiotherapy Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Arthritis by Inducing Apoptosis of Lymphocytes and Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes.","authors":"Bo-Gyu Kim, Hoon Sik Choi, Yong-Ho Choe, Hyun Min Jeon, Ji Yeon Heo, Yun-Hong Cheon, Ki Mun Kang, Sang-Il Lee, Bae Kwon Jeong, Mingyo Kim","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e32","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e32","url":null,"abstract":"Low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) has been explored as a treatment option for various inflammatory diseases; however, its application in the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying LDRT-based treatment for RA and standardize it. LDRT reduced the total numbers of immune cells, but increased the apoptotic CD4+ T and B220+ B cells, in the draining lymph nodes of collagen induced arthritis and K/BxN models. In addition, it significantly reduced the severity of various pathological manifestations, including bone destruction, cartilage erosion, and swelling of hind limb ankle. Post-LDRT, the proportion of apoptotic CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells increased significantly in the PBMCs derived from human patients with RA. LDRT showed a similar effect in fibroblast-like synoviocytes as well. In conclusion, we report that LDRT induces apoptosis in immune cells and fibro-blast-like synoviocytes, contributing to attenuation of arthritis.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 4","pages":"e32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Dynamic Interplay of Innate Immune Responses During Urinary Tract Infection. 尿路感染期间先天性免疫反应的动态相互作用

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-07-22 eCollection Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e31

Manisha Naskar, Hae Woong Choi

引用次数: 0

Multi-Layered Mechanisms of Immunological Tolerance at the Maternal-Fetal Interface. 母胎界面免疫耐受的多层机制

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-07-15 eCollection Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e30

Jin Soo Joo, Dongeun Lee, Jun Young Hong

{"title":"Multi-Layered Mechanisms of Immunological Tolerance at the Maternal-Fetal Interface.","authors":"Jin Soo Joo, Dongeun Lee, Jun Young Hong","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e30","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e30","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy represents an immunological paradox where the maternal immune system must tolerate the semi-allogeneic fetus expressing paternally-derived Ags. Accumulating evidence over decades has revealed that successful pregnancy requires the active development of robust immune tolerance mechanisms. This review outlines the multi-layered processes that establish fetomaternal tolerance, including the physical barrier of the placenta, restricted chemokine-mediated leukocyte trafficking, lack of sufficient alloantigen presentation, the presence of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and tolerogenic decidual natural killer cells, expression of immune checkpoint molecules, specific glycosylation patterns conferring immune evasion, and unique metabolic/hormonal modulations. Interestingly, many of the strategies that enable fetal tolerance parallel those employed by cancer cells to promote angiogenesis, invasion, and immune escape. As such, further elucidating the mechanistic underpinnings of fetal-maternal tolerance may reciprocally provide insights into developing novel cancer immunotherapies as well as understanding the pathogenesis of gestational complications linked to dysregulated tolerance processes.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 4","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Multifaceted Roles of NK Cells in the Context of Murine Cytomegalovirus and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infections. NK细胞在巨细胞病毒和淋巴细胞色素膜炎病毒感染中的多方面作用

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-06-27 eCollection Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e29

Thamer A Hamdan

{"title":"The Multifaceted Roles of NK Cells in the Context of Murine Cytomegalovirus and Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infections.","authors":"Thamer A Hamdan","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e29","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e29","url":null,"abstract":"NK cells belong to innate lymphoid cells and able to eliminate infected cells and tumor cells. NK cells play a valuable role in controlling viral infections. Also, they have the potential to shape the adaptive immunity via a unique crosstalk with the different immune cells. Murine models are important tools for delineating the immunological phenomena in viral infection. To decipher the immunological virus-host interactions, two major infection models are being investigated in mice regarding NK cell-mediated recognition: murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). In this review, we recapitulate recent findings regarding the multifaceted role of NK cells in controlling LCMV and MCMV infections and outline the exquisite interplay between NK cells and other immune cells in these two settings. Considering that, infections with MCMV and LCMV recapitulates many physiopathological characteristics of human cytomegalovirus infection and chronic virus infections respectively, this study will extend our understanding of NK cells biology in interactions between the virus and its natural host.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 4","pages":"e29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Germinal Center Response to mRNA Vaccination and Impact of Immunological Imprinting on Subsequent Vaccination. 生殖中心对 mRNA 疫苗接种的反应以及免疫印迹对后续疫苗接种的影响。

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-06-25 eCollection Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e28

Wooseob Kim

{"title":"Germinal Center Response to mRNA Vaccination and Impact of Immunological Imprinting on Subsequent Vaccination.","authors":"Wooseob Kim","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e28","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e28","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccines are the most effective intervention currently available, offering protective immunity against targeted pathogens. The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has prompted rapid development and deployment of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated, mRNA-based vaccines. While these vaccines have demonstrated remarkable immunogenicity, concerns persist regarding their ability to confer durable protective immunity to continuously evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. This review focuses on human B cell responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, with particular emphasis on the crucial role of germinal center reactions in shaping enduring protective immunity. Additionally, we explored observations of immunological imprinting and dynamics of recalled pre-existing immunity following variants of concern-based booster vaccination. Insights from this review contribute to comprehensive understanding B cell responses to mRNA vaccination in humans, thereby refining vaccination strategies for optimal and sustained protection against evolving coronavirus variants.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 4","pages":"e28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recombinant Human IL-32θ Induces Polarization Into M1-like Macrophage in Human Monocytic Cells. 重组人 IL-32θ 可诱导人单核细胞极化为 M1 样巨噬细胞。

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-06-24 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e27

Hyo-Min Park, Jae-Young Park, Na-Yeon Kim, Hyemoon Kim, Hong-Gyum Kim, Dong-Ju Son, Jin Tae Hong, Do-Young Yoon

{"title":"Recombinant Human IL-32θ Induces Polarization Into M1-like Macrophage in Human Monocytic Cells.","authors":"Hyo-Min Park, Jae-Young Park, Na-Yeon Kim, Hyemoon Kim, Hong-Gyum Kim, Dong-Ju Son, Jin Tae Hong, Do-Young Yoon","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e27","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e27","url":null,"abstract":"The tumor microenvironment (TME) is formed by several immune cells. Notably, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are existed in the TME that induce angiogenesis, metastasis, and proliferation of cancer cells. Recently, a point-mutated variant of IL-32θ was discovered in breast cancer tissues, which suppressed migration and proliferation through intracellular pathways. Although the relationship between cancer and IL-32 has been previously studied, the effects of IL-32θ on TAMs remain elusive. Recombinant human IL-32θ (rhIL-32θ) was generated using an Escherichia coli expression system. To induce M0 macrophage polarization, THP-1 cells were stimulated with PMA. After PMA treatment, the cells were cultured with IL-4 and IL-13, or rhIL-32θ. The mRNA level of M1 macrophage markers (IL-1β, TNFα, inducible nitric oxide synthase) were increased by rhIL-32θ in M0 macrophages. On the other hand, the M2 macrophage markers (CCL17, CCL22, TGFβ, CD206) were decreased by rhIL-32θ in M2 macrophages. rhIL-32θ induced nuclear translocation of the NF-κB via regulation of the MAPK (p38) pathway. In conclusion, point-mutated rhIL-32θ induced the polarization to M1-like macrophages through the MAPK (p38) and NF-κB (p65/p50) pathways.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 3","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Potential of Glycolytic Modulation in Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells for Immunotherapy and Disease Management. 探索髓系衍生抑制细胞糖酵解调节在免疫疗法和疾病管理方面的潜力

IF 4.3 4区医学

Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-06-24 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e26

Jisu Kim, Jee Yeon Choi, Hyeyoung Min, Kwang Woo Hwang

{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Glycolytic Modulation in Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells for Immunotherapy and Disease Management.","authors":"Jisu Kim, Jee Yeon Choi, Hyeyoung Min, Kwang Woo Hwang","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e26","DOIUrl":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e26","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in various technologies have shed light on the critical role of metabolism in immune cells, paving the way for innovative disease treatment strategies through immunometabolism modulation. This review emphasizes the glucose metabolism of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), an emerging pivotal immunosuppressive factor especially within the tumor microenvironment. MDSCs, an immature and heterogeneous myeloid cell population, act as a double-edged sword by exacerbating tumors or mitigating inflammatory diseases through their immune-suppressive functions. Numerous recent studies have centered on glycolysis of MDSC, investigating the regulation of altered glycolytic pathways to manage diseases. However, the specific changes in MDSC glycolysis and their exact functions continue to be areas of ongoing discussion yet. In this paper, we review a range of current findings, including the latest research on the alteration of glycolysis in MDSCs, the consequential functional alterations in these cells, and the outcomes of attempts to modulate MDSC functions by regulating glycolysis. Ultimately, we will provide insights into whether these research efforts could be translated into clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 3","pages":"e26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0