Indian journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Delay in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis among Tuberculosis Patients in South-East Delhi, India.","authors":"Tazean Zahoor Malik, Sushovan Roy, Faheem Ahmed, Rashmi Agarwalla, Rambha Pathak","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_414_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_414_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delay in accessing effective health care plays an important role in tuberculosis (TB) transmission within the community.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of the study were (1) to estimate the total delays experienced by the patient before initiation of TB treatment and (2) to determine the factors associated with delays in the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among TB patients enrolled in ten randomly selected directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) centers in South-East Delhi from January 2019 to March 2020. During this period, 439 patients were approached, of which 416 consented to participate in the study. Patient delay, health system delay, and total delay were determined. The data were collected using questions from the \"Tool to estimate patients' costs\" questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 416 participants, 62.2% were male. The mean age was 40.9 ± 16.33 years. The mean health system delay was 24.2 ± 3.85 days (median: 19 days). The mean patient delay was 25.27 ± 8.21 days (median: 29 days). Patient delay was seen in 36.3% of patients while health system delay occurred in 40.6%. The delays were significantly associated with the gender of the patient, their educational status, the type of facility first visited, the type of TB, and the category of TB. The mean time spent on the diagnosis of TB was 35.20 ± 17.5 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, both patient and health system delays are associated with several factors. Addressing these barriers and reasons for the delays will help in the timely diagnosis and treatment of the patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"286-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas Geyser Syndrome: A Silent Killer in the Bathroom.","authors":"Arti Uniyal, Pinki Alhyan, Vikram Bhaskar, Prerna Batra","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_521_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_521_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>Gas geyser syndrome is an unaccustomed phenomenon of sudden neurological collapse observed during winter months. It was discerned to occur in ill-ventilated bathrooms equipped with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cylinder-based water heaters. The clinical presentation is similar to hypoxic encephalopathy due to inhalational toxin exposure. Gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon gases, and nitrogen oxides are produced by incomplete combustion of LPG. CO intoxication can result in neurologic manifestations that are mostly reversible with a few cases of incomplete recovery. Gas geysers are preferred to electric geysers, especially in developed nations. It takes precedence in low-socioeconomic regions due to economic benefits such as faster heating and inexpensive to operate without requiring electricity. This case report aims to increase awareness among readers regarding this life-threatening yet preventable condition. It also presses the need to implement strict gas geyser installation norms and ventilatory safeguards to prevent such occurrences.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"350-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Family Adoption Program in MBBS Curriculum: A Qualitative Study to Assess the Implementation Challenges and Possible Solutions in the Existing System.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1219_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1219_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of Community Action for Health in Selected Districts of Assam, India: A Quantitative Study.","authors":"Tapashi Adhikary, Anusha Purushotham, V Kirthana, Shilpa Ravi, Sanyukta Kashyap, Shelley Dhar","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1006_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1006_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community Action for Health (CAH) is a key strategy of the National Health Mission. CAH places people at the centre of the process to ensure their health needs and rights are fulfilled. CAH was first implemented in Assam's (and eight other Indian states) Dhemaji, Chirang, and Kamrup districts in 2007, and later expanded to 27 districts.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study were to understand the composition, functions of Jan Arogya Samitis (JAS), and Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees (VHSNCs) regarding CAH implementation and communities' involvement in CAH-related activities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The current quantitative comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in one aspirational district (AD: Goalpara) and one non-AD (Nagaon) of Assam from August 2021 to March 2022. Universal sampling was adopted to include 17 and 56 facilities in Goalpara and Nagaon for a quantitative survey involving 219 respondents. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chi-square results reported no statistical significance (χ2 = 0.624, P = 0.429) regarding the type of district and awareness regarding JAS's function. Statistical significances were found between the type of district and support required in training of VHSNC committee members (χ2 = 20.880, P = 0.010) and the type of district and support required in provision of funds for smooth functioning of VHSNC (χ2 = 13.609, P = 0.010). Among community members, around 16 (94.1%) respondents in AD and 30 (53.6%) reported to be unaware of CAH.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Effective use of funds allocated for CAH in ADs and periodical monitoring of CAH activities across all levels of the health system is imperative to sustain its momentum.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Health Literacy, Health Behaviors, and Self-care in Patients with Heart Failure.","authors":"Naciye Yüce, Meltem Sırın Gok","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_958_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_958_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health literacy (HL), health behaviors, and self-care are considered important in managing heart failure (HF) disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to determine the relationship between HL, health behaviors, and self-care in HF patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This descriptive study's sample consisted of 120 HF patients hospitalized in the cardiology clinics of Atatürk University Research Hospital. The data of the study were collected with the Patient Identification Form, Turkey HL Scale-32, HF Health Behavior Scale (HFHBS), European HF Self-Care Behavior Scale-12 (EHFSCBS-12), and Self-Care of HF Index (SCHFI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was determined in the study that 50% of the patients had inadequate HL levels, 32.5% had problematic/limited, 13.3% had adequate, and 4.2% had excellent. The mean score of HFHBS was found to be 60.09 ± 8.75. According to the scores of EHFSCBS-12, 58.3% of the patients had inadequate self-care scores. The mean scores of the subdimensions of SCHFI were 22.87 ± 3.23 in self-care maintenance, 13.62 ± 4.46 in self-care management, and 14.38 ± 3.00 in self-care confidence. It was also determined that there were a statistically significant and positive correlation between the mean scores of HL total scores, HFHBS, and mean scores of the SCHFI subdimensions and a negative significant relationship between the mean scores of EHFSCBS-12 (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was concluded that as the total HL score of HF patients increased, their health behaviors and self-care behaviors also increased, and self-care confidence in self-care maintenance, self-care management, and providing self-care scores improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"253-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Indian Healthcare Personnel: Insights from a Nationwide Study.","authors":"Ashok Kumar Pannu","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_168_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_168_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden Estimation and Seasonality of Respiratory Syncytial Virus among Hospitalized Children in Kashmir, Northern India.","authors":"Bashir Ahmad Fomda, Aamina Samreen, Mushtaq Ahmad Bhat, Yaawar Bashir Mir, Shabir Ahmad Lone","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1458_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1458_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of acute lower respiratory infections in children under 5 years, but data on its epidemiology in this region are limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We studied the burden and seasonality of RSV among hospitalized children aged <5 years in Kashmir, Northern India.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nasopharyngeal secretions were collected from children <5 years of age hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections and were tested for RSV A and B using multiplex RT-polymerase chain reaction. Demographic and seasonal details were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall positivity of RSV was 31.8%, with RSV A accounting for 30.3% and RSV B for 1.5%. The positivity was significantly higher in children <1 year of age (41.8%), in those from urban areas (43.8%), and in the winter season (46.77%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated higher RSV-associated infections among hospitalized children (<5 years) in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"309-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Self-Examination as Cancer Breast Prevention Practice and Awareness among Middle-aged Women: A Hospital-based Study.","authors":"C Indhumathi, K Umamaheswari, Aruna B Patil, Snekalatha Saravanakumar","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_578_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_578_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer has become an epidemic in South Asian countries due to a dramatic increase in incidence and mortality rate. Awareness about cancer breast and practice of screening methods is a significant approach to achieve earlier detection of cancer.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This hospital-based study aims to evaluate the knowledge about risk factors, signs, symptoms of cancer breast, and factors influencing the practice of breast self-examination (BSE) among middle-aged women.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical college hospital, Chennai, South India. One hundred and fifty women in the age group of 40-60 years completed a pretested questionnaire to assess the knowledge of risk factors, signs, screening methods of cancer breast, and domains of health belief model (HBM) to determine the factors influencing the performance of BSE. Percentage responses were calculated and analyzed using the Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study participants considered lack of breastfeeding (84.6%) as the important risk factor and breast lump (85.2%) as a prominent symptom. While 85.6% identified BSE as an important screening practice of cancer breast, 75.4% did not know the correct technique of BSE. Perceived severity of developing cancer breast would endanger social and family life (P < 0.022), Perceived benefit of BSE in early detection of cancer breast (P < 0.001), and perceived barrier of ignorance about proper technique of BSE (P < 0.01) were the significant responses on the constructs of HBM among women who were willing to perform BSE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study stresses upon cancer screening by BSE and highlights the need of educating women on the practice of BSE.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"248-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mixed-methods Analysis of the Experiences of Participants Having Been Involved in Long-term Intervention Research Conducted in a Rural Area of Delhi.","authors":"Bratati Banerjee, Sahadev Santra, Rupsa Banerjee","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1280_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1280_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Experience of participants in health research is very important as they are one of the major stakeholders. Yet, this still remains an unexplored area.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study, which is part of a funded intervention research, aimed to assess the rate of dropout of the participants from the research, review the participant- and population-friendly activities incorporated in the research project that might have facilitated their participation and retention in the research, and also understand the experiences of the subjects having participated in the research for a long duration of nearly 2 years.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The main research project was on childhood injuries, conducted on 397 children and adolescents belonging to 116 families, with participant interaction for 20 months. As part of intervention, adolescents were trained on first aid, road safety, and injury prevention. Data collection was by observation of the home environment and interview of subjects. The present mixed-methods study included quantitative and qualitative analysis done for the experiences of the participants in the Visual Analog Scale, along with their comments and suggestions. This data was obtained from feedback forms given to the families at the end of the main research project.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The attrition rate was within acceptable limits of <5%. Participant- and population-friendly activities undertaken were training and awareness generation programs, poster and quiz competitions, services provided on priority, and incentives given. Participation was very high in all programs. Majority of the participants reported positive experience and shared the aspects on which they benefited, namely knowledge gained, skills developed, future use, and good experience. However, they also mentioned one important constraint they had felt, i.e. coinciding with their school schedule and the long duration of research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participation was very high with low attrition rate due possibly to participant- and population-friendly activities undertaken. Subjects and their family members conveyed having had positive experience while participating in the research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"292-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Community Health Workers to Increase Detection and Screening of Childhood Tuberculosis in a Rural Community of India.","authors":"Aninda Das, Jeffrey D Klausner, Samaresh Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_131_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_131_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 3","pages":"353-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}