Indian journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating Pharmaceutical Care Services in Promoting Public Health Outcomes within the Community.","authors":"Lusine Nazaryan, Anush Barseghyan, Marta Simonyan","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_935_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_935_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>In developing countries, consumer awareness about self-medication risks is low. Pharmacists, acting as primary health-care providers, are pivotal in offering pharmaceutical care in these communities. The primary objective of this research was to assess pharmaceutical care provided by pharmacy employees and analyze consumer satisfaction. The survey, conducted from 2021 to 2022 through an anonymous questionnaire, involved 1308 respondents. The study revealed a significant preference for self-medication (56.7%) without seeking professional guidance, attributed to inadequate advice from pharmacy staff, leading to reduced confidence in their recommendations. Improving the professional behavior of the Armenian pharmacy employees through investment in training and guidelines is crucial for their integration into primary health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"545-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Willingness for Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis among Community Pharmacists in Puducherry.","authors":"Dhanajayan Govindan, Palanivel Chinnakali, Sonali Sarkar, Govindarajan Soundappan","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_231_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_231_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In India, there is significant attrition in the cascade of care for tuberculosis (TB) in the public health sector. Pharmacy being the first point of contact for the majority holds considerable potential in reducing this attrition.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the willingness of pharmacists to screen and refer presumptive TB patients and understand challenges and enabling factors for the same.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A sequential explanatory mixed-method study was conducted among pharmacies of Puducherry. Willingness to refer presumptive TB patients and collect sputum samples was summarized as proportions with 95% confidence interval. Log binomial regression was done to study the association of pharmacists' characteristics with willingness to refer. In-depth interviews with pharmacists were transcribed; manual content analysis with hybrid coding was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 202 pharmacists interviewed, 99.0% were willing to refer, 37.1% were willing to collect sputum samples, and 42.6% had ever referred a patient in the past. Patients' lack of awareness, busy hours, and overuse of over-the-counter drugs hindered referral, while availability of quality diagnostic and treatment services, relationship with clients, and pharmacist's knowledge facilitated referral.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Willingness to refer patients for TB diagnosis was high among pharmacists. The national program should consider the engagement of pharmacists for improving screening and referral.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"526-533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Data of Postcricoid Cancers from a Tertiary Cancer Hospital: First Report from Northern Andhra Pradesh.","authors":"Venkata Krishna Reddy Pilaka, K G K Deepak, Sushmitha Chowdary, Kanhu Charan Patro, Partha Sarathi Bhattacharya, Murali Krishna Voonna","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_446_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_446_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>Postcricoid (PC) cancer is a global rarity, however, the burden of disease in India is little known. The data of PC cancers from Northern Andhra Pradesh (AP) are scarce due to poor reporting. This is an epidemiological study of PC cancer from a tertiary cancer hospital in Northern AP. ArcGIS software is used for mapping the cases across three districts of Northern AP. The incidence of PC cancers reported at Mahatma Gandhi Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Visakhapatnam (VSKP), was 3.5, 2.7, and 3.3 cases per one lakh population in the districts of VSKP, Srikakulam (SKLM), and Vizianagaram, respectively. The highest incidence (cases per one lakh population) of 11.2 was found to be in Anakapalli mandal of VSKP district followed by SKLM, Sabbavaram, Yelamanchili, and Vizianagaram mandals with 10, 8.9, 8.5, and 8 cases, respectively. This is the first reported epidemiological study of PC cancer from Northern AP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"555-557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household Fuel Preference and Its Association with Breathing Difficulty among Rural Women in Jodhpur, Rajasthan: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Neeti Rustagi, Shaima Abdul Jabbar, R Ranjitha, Arun Kumar Sharma, Suman Saurabh, Ankit Mittal","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_434_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_434_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Indoor air pollution is a critical global health concern and is associated with an increased incidence of respiratory infections. Despite the introduction of a subsidiary scheme, the adoption of clean fuel remains limited in rural India.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study investigated the fuel preferences and its association with participants characteristics, particulate matter (PM2.5) levels and respiratory complaints.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross sectional study was done among rural women in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. A total of 480 women aged 15 years and above were included, and 120 households were selected using systematic random sampling technique for PM2.5 level assessment. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test, Fischer's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Post hoc test with Bonferroni correction were used to identify differences between groups of fuel users.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that 43.1% (207 participants) primarily used biomass as their fuel of choice, while 32.5% (156) primarily preferred liquified petroleum gas (LPG). Only LPG was used by 19.7% (95) of participants, and a small proportion of 4.58% (22) relied solely on mud stoves. There was significant association between education status, family income, years of cooking and fuel preferences among the participants (P < 0.05). The PM2.5 levels were higher among biomass users than LPG users.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Study highlighted the intricate interplay between sociodemographic factors, cooking practices, PM2.5 concentration, and respiratory symptoms in rural settings, emphasizing the need for increased advocacy on LPG adoption to mitigate indoor air pollution-related health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"482-487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy to Expand Accessing Antimalarial Drug Treatment in Papua Region-Indonesia: Who Should Be the Target?","authors":"Yuneu Yuliasih, Mara Ipa, Agung Dwi Laksono, Anis Nur Widayati, Nita Rahayu, Endang Puji Astuti","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1022_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1022_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>The Papua region of Indonesia faces a substantial burden of malaria cases. To broaden the understanding of factors influencing access to antimalarial drug treatment, researchers analyzed the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey data. Their examination encompassed demographics, socioeconomic elements, and transportation expenses. Notably, the study revealed that Papuan malaria patients in West Papua were 1.812 times more likely to receive anti-malarial drug treatment compared to those in Papua Province. In addition, individuals residing in rural areas and those not engaged in farming were more inclined to access treatment. Surprisingly, education level did not correlate with treatment accessibility, while individuals with higher wealth were less likely to receive treatment. Moreover, transportation costs did not pose a barrier to treatment access. The study underscores the importance of targeting specific demographics, including those in Papua Province, urban areas, and nonfarming occupations, to enhance the availability of anti-malarial treatment in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"558-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media as an Information, Education, and Communication Tool for Rabies Prevention.","authors":"Jay Verma, Anurag Agarwal","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_863_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_863_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of National Accreditation Board for Hospital-Recommended Trainings on Patient Care Standards: A Comparative Study Based on the National Quality Assurance Standards Guidelines in a Tertiary Health-care Institute.","authors":"Vikram Singh, Arvind Kumar Singh, Manish Raj Kulshrestha, Dimpi Singh, Adeeba Khan, Mridu Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1262_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1262_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The National Quality Assurance Standards (NQAS) have been developed keeping in specific requirements for public health facilities as well global best practices. Standards are primarily meant for providers to assess their quality for improvement through predefined standards and to bring up their facilities for certification.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the effect of National Accreditation Board for Hospitals (NABH)-recommended training on patient care standards based on NQAS guidelines.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The research was conducted at a tertiary-level teaching institute and medical care center in North India. The institute has multiple blocks, few have undergone training for NABH standards, and few have not due to administrative reasons. Only the NABH-trained blocks underwent accreditation process through NABH and provided an opportunity to study whether there is a difference in patient care standards between NABH-trained staff and nontrained staff. It was a checklist-based observational study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evaluation covered seven key areas in intensive care unit (ICU) and wards in both NABH-trained and nontrained hospital blocks: patient rights, inputs, support services, clinical services, infection control, quality management, and outcome. The compliance percentage of ICU and wards was measured for NABH-trained and nontrained hospital blocks. NABH-trained blocks in both areas showed better compliance adhering to standards as compared to nontrained blocks for all seven key areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings indicate that NABH-recommended training showed positive impact on patient care standards as per the NQAS guidelines. The NABH-trained hospital block exhibited superior compliance with various domains including patient rights, inputs, support services, clinical services, infection control, and quality management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"502-506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Health-related Factors Influencing Fears of Aging among Elderly Chinese Citizens.","authors":"Yun-Hsiang Tien, Jingchi Huang","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1450_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1450_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>Many countries face an increasingly aging population, but China is now home to the largest population of older people in the world. This study aims to analyze health-related factors influencing fears of aging among elderly Chinese citizens. Multiple regression models were constructed using fears of aging as the dependent variable and demographics and other key components as independent variables, respectively. Results showed that individuals with a chronic disease had more fears of aging than those without a chronic disease. Individuals with a higher personal annual income had less fears of aging. Individuals who were less worried about the lack of timely treatment and unaffordable medical expenses had less fears of aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"552-554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family-centered Health Education Intervention for Improving Iron-folic Acid Adherence and Anemia Reduction among Antenatal Mothers in Rural Jodhpur: A Quasi-experimental Study.","authors":"Gyanendra Singh, R Ranjitha, Pritish Baskaran, Akhil Dhanesh Goel, Manoj Kumar Gupta, S Dileepan, Yachana Choudhary, V R Rehana, Pankaja Ravi Raghav","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_844_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_844_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anemia is one of the global public health concerns. Despite the availability of effective treatment options, reducing its prevalence remains challenging.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study were to investigate family-centered health education intervention in improving iron - folic acid adherence and anemia status, knowledge, attitude, and practices.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental community interventional trial was conducted. Employing a multistage cluster-randomized sampling technique, intervention and control areas were identified. All pregnant women of gestational age 14-16 weeks with mild and moderate anemia were included and interviewed along with hemoglobin and ferritin estimation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Change in adherence, knowledge, attitude, practice, and anemia status was assessed after the follow-up period for both groups. The results revealed significant improvements in knowledge, attitude, practice, adherence to iron supplements, and anemia status within the intervention group. The participants with moderate anemia decreased from an initial value of 38.66% to 7.25%, whereas mild anemia reduced from 61.33% to 21.74%. Moreover, the mean hemoglobin level showed a significant difference from 9.8 ± 1.3 g/dL at baseline to 10.8 ± 0.5 g/dL at the end line, whereas the serum ferritin level increased from 12.5 ± 8.7 μg/dL to 19.0 ± 7.6 μg/dL. The difference-in-difference analysis revealed 0.78 g/dL hemoglobin and 4.72 μg/dL ferritin improvement in the intervention group is due to family-centered health education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Family-centered health education in multiple modes of intervention improved the adherence to iron supplements and anemia status and increased the knowledge, attitude, and practices toward the same, among pregnant women along with their family members.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"495-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Kitchen Sponges: An Under-recognized Public Health Problem.","authors":"Ikechukwu Benjamin Moses, Clinton Okwudili Mbam, Cynthia Ogochukwu Odi, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum, Boniface Oke, Moses Chukwuemeka Ezea, Saifur Rehman","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_924_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_924_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The domestic kitchen is increasingly being recognized as one of the most important areas with regards to the incidences of foodborne diseases. Kitchen sponges may play a role in foodborne illnesses through cross-contamination as they provide a suitable environment for bacterial pathogen growth and transmission.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study was designed to isolate, characterize, and determine the antibiogram of Enterobacteriaceae contaminating household kitchen sponges in Abakaliki metropolis, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 50 household kitchen sponges were randomly collected from 50 different households in Abakaliki metropolis. The samples were analyzed with standard microbiological techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by the disc diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 28 (56%) out of the 50 kitchen sponges were positive for Salmonella spp. (10), Klebsiella spp. (7), and Escherichia coli (11). In general, isolates were multidrug-resistant with high resistance frequencies (43.7%-100%) to carbapenems, aztreonam, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. There was no statistically significant difference in the antimicrobial resistance frequencies between the Enterobacteriaceae isolates (P = 0.982). The multiple antibiotics resistance index values of isolates ranged from 0.4 to 0.8.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has shown that household kitchen sponges are highly contaminated by multidrug-resistant Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., and E. coli. The contamination of household kitchen sponges by these multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens is a serious public health problem that requires urgent attention. It is therefore of utmost importance to properly wash and disinfect household kitchen sponges after their use, in order to prevent the spread of difficult-to-treat microbial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 4","pages":"520-525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}