Indian journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring and Reporting of Alcohol Consumption in India: A Situational Analysis for Combating Underage Drinking.","authors":"Albina Arjuman","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_619_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_619_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>Uniform reporting of health economics data for taxable lifestyle commodities such as alcohol would include sales as well as consumption mapping, which is a challenging task given a component of choice as well as of intensity. This is challenging, particularly for a country such as India, where states are socioculturally diverse and have independent alcohol sales policies, leading to varying levels of its consumption. There is also a gap in the description of risky behaviors of alcohol use, leading possibly to inadequate data collection and a subsequent reporting bias. Furthermore, there is a reported disparity between the overall alcohol sales and the consumption data. This may have a significant impact on the data reporting/projection by global agencies, leading to biased implications for the external perception of health in the Indian context, while also influencing the related trade and taxation parameters. To depict the need for consumption mapping and digital interventions in this context, an example of underage drinking in India through a Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats analysis was undertaken. Overall, adopting digital interventions, including mobility mapping for consumption and geospatial mapping of sales hot spots, may facilitate better data collection, a possible solution for bridging the information gap between sales and consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Variation and Diurnal Rhythmicity of Migraine Attacks in Patients from a North Indian Tertiary Care Center.","authors":"Tanvi Jha, Anita Pawar, Alvee Saluja, Rajinder Kumar Dhamija, Sunita Mondal","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_717_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_717_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>Migraine is a widespread and debilitating disorder. Recent evidence suggests a role of seasonal and circadian rhythmicity in migraine episodes. We investigated the pattern of migraine attacks over 1 year in the North Indian population. A questionnaire was provided to 120 migraine patients at the end of each of the six seasons according to the Indian calendar. The frequency, pain intensity, and duration of migraine episodes were significantly higher during the hot summer (7.92 ± 0.70, 6.63 ± 0.17, and 8.73 ± 0.99, respectively) and monsoon (8.11 ± 0.72, 6.64 ± 0.17, and 8.00 ± 0.94, respectively) compared to the cold winter months. There was a gradual decrease from summer to winter, with 77.2% of patients reporting diurnal rhythmicity to their attacks, and 34.5% of patients reporting occurrences in the afternoons, increasing from colder to hotter months. Increased incidence during summer, monsoon, and afternoons should be considered in planning prophylactic and therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Can the Sustainability of Communal Dining and Meal Delivery for the Elderly be Achieved? A Case Study in Taiwan.","authors":"Yun-Hsiang Tien, Jingchi Huang","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_603_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_603_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Socioeconomic and Geographic Drivers of Outpatient Costs in India's Aging Population.","authors":"Aditya Narayan Das, Smita Mishra Panda, Anjali Dash","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_271_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_271_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older adults are frequent users of outpatient services, increasing their vulnerability to high healthcare expenditures.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the outpatient cost burden among older adults while considering socioeconomic and geographic variations from a rural urban standpoint.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 34,801 Indian older adults (45 years and older) who sought outpatient care within a year before the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018 survey. Rural-urban distributions by background characteristics and healthcare responsiveness were analyzed using a bivariate Chi-square test. Generalized linear models were used to examine the various factors associated with out-of-pocket expenditure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The habitat of urban areas reported a higher proportion of females and private healthcare usage as compared to rural areas. Cardiovascular and endocrine diseases are prevalent in urban regions, while musculoskeletal and respiratory diseases are prevalent in rural regions, but the most expensive is cancer. Wealthier individuals, females, and private healthcare users reported higher healthcare expenditures. Certain geographical barriers, such as longer distances to facilities, significantly increase the healthcare costs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the high reliance on private outpatient care by older Indians and identifies education, wealth status, insurance, and geographical access as critical determinants of healthcare expenditure. In this context, strengthening public healthcare infrastructure, integrating telemedicine, and integrating outpatient care in insurance are essential to mitigate these costs. Further research is necessary to examine how women and the rural population perceive healthcare expenditures, as well as their experiences and coping mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Determining Attitudes and Behaviors of University Students towards Dating Violence in Türkiye.","authors":"Burcu Ecem Uğuz, Burak Aykın, Gülçin Yapıcı","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1383_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1383_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dating violence is a significant public health concern with detrimental effects on the mental and physical health of young adults. Understanding its prevalence and related factors is key to prevention.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess university students' experiences, attitudes, and behaviors regarding dating violence and associated factors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,008 students selected via stratified sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire, the dating violence scale, and the cyber dating abuse scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dating violence prevalence was 37.1%. Alcohol and substance use, exposed to violence in the family, having friends exposed to violence and increased in age were increased exposure to dating violence. The participants generally did not support dating violence. Gender, age, use of addictive substances, and exposure to violence in the family or at school were effective on dating violence attitudes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>One-third of students experienced dating violence. Preventive education addressing family and school violence is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148619954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Health-adjusted Life Expectancy Across Indian States and Union Territories, 1990-2021: An Ecological Analysis Using Data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.","authors":"Vishal Vennu","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_607_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_607_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India has undergone major demographic and epidemiological transitions over the past three decades. Although life expectancy has improved, conventional mortality indicators do not capture years lived with illness or disability. Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) offers a more comprehensive measure of population health by integrating mortality and morbidity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess trends in HALE in India from 1990 to 2021 by state, sex, and age group using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This ecological analysis used publicly available HALE estimates from the GBD Study 2021 for all 28 states and 8 union territories of India. Percentage changes in HALE between 1990 and 2021 were analyzed by sex, age group, and geography. Estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>National HALE increased from 15.20 years (95% UI: 13.95-16.33) in 1990-16.00 years (95% UI: 14.63-17.27) in 2021, representing a 5.25% increase. Female HALE improved slightly more than male HALE (5.36% vs. 5.28%). The largest gains were observed among individuals aged 20-24 years, whereas HALE declined among males aged ≥ 75 years. Goa recorded the highest HALE in 2021 (19.31 years), while Uttarakhand had the lowest (14.78 years). Jharkhand (22.15%), Andhra Pradesh (20.83%), Odisha (18.68%), and Telangana (18.54%) demonstrated the greatest relative increases, whereas Manipur showed minimal improvement (3.23%). Chhattisgarh exhibited the widest sex disparity in HALE change.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HALE in India improved modestly between 1990 and 2021; however, substantial disparities persist across states, sexes, and age groups. Targeted public health interventions and healthy aging strategies are needed to reduce inequities and improve healthy longevity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Health Variables of the BRICS Countries: From Period 2000 to 2019.","authors":"Sumandeep, Ravi Kiran, Rakesh Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_433_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_433_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Earlier studies have examined the link between government health expenditure (GHE) and economic growth using panel unit root and panel co-integration and Generalized Methods of Moments GMM in BRICS countries, yet whether the long-run impact of healthcare spending to accelerate economic growth still demands more attention and in-depth analysis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study examined the effective drivers of BRICS countries' healthcare systems and investigated how health indicators affect BRICS countries' gross domestic product (GDP) and per capita income. It is important to examine how healthcare variables affect BRICS nations' health spending priorities in the short and long term.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The healthcare indicators, such as Current Health Expenditure (CHE), GHE, Crude Birth Rate, Immunization, Infant Mortality Rate, Inflation Consumer prices annual percentage, Life Expectancy at Birth, out-of-pocket expenses, Population Growth, and Total Fertility Rate were considered for the analysis. The study used Panel Data analysis with Fixed Effect and Random Effect Model for the BRICS countries from 2000 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results highlight that GDP and per capita income negatively affect variable CHE. It suggests that GHE positively relates with GDP and per capita income. The results reflect that higher government health spending leads to higher real GDP and per capita income.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlighted that the BRICS countries' healthcare systems are best protected by investing in infrastructure, hospitals, and vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Head Injury in South Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Community-based Surveys.","authors":"Saishree, Jay Kumar Ranjan, Hari Shanker Asthana, Nityanand Pandey","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_206_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_206_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Head injury (HI) places a significant burden on survivors, leading to long-term disability. However, limited studies have investigated its prevalence in South Asian countries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Perform a systematic review to identify community-based surveys reporting the prevalence of HI in South Asia and to conduct a meta-analysis to derive pooled prevalence estimates for the region.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, Ovid, PubMed, and Web of Science following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and Risk of Bias Tool for Prevalence Studies, respectively. The analysis was carried out using the latest version of R software (4.4.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one studies assessing general, pediatric, and older adult populations were included; the overall prevalence of the general population of HI in South Asia was estimated to be 12/1000 persons. Sri Lanka had the lowest prevalence score for HI (0.6/1000 persons), whereas India had the highest (16.1/1000 persons). Prevalence of HI in the pediatric population was 60/1000 persons and in older adults was 47.2/1000 persons. The prevalence of HI was higher in males than in females, and urban residents scored higher than rural residents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study sheds light on the current status of HI prevalence in South Asia. Therefore, improvement in community awareness and treatment facilities is needed to be implemented to control HI fatalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of the Health Research Landscape in Jharkhand, India, in the Past Decade: A Bibliometric Analysis.","authors":"Tanveer Rehman, Srijeeta Mitra, Shubhankar Dubey, Dinesh Kumar, Jaya Singh Kshatri, Banambar Sahoo, Sanghamitra Pati","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_753_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_753_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding Jharkhand's healthcare landscape is crucial for devising targeted interventions and strengthening research efforts to address the pressing healthcare needs of the state.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to carried out a bibliometric analysis of original research articles conducted in Jharkhand between 2013 and 2023 to assess the state of health research.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic search across Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases identified 6492 articles, which were screened using Covidence software after duplicate removal. Descriptive analyses using Microsoft Excel 2019 and bibliometric networks with VOSviewer software were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 209 identified articles, 58% belonged to the Global Burden of Disease category 1 topics. Half of the studies utilized cross-sectional study designs and were conducted in facility-based settings with 22% exclusively focused on the tribal population. The average annual publications, number of citations, and number of authors per article were 19 articles, 12, and 6, respectively, with publication peaks in 2015 and 2020. Government-affiliated corresponding authors constituted 46% of all articles, with 21% from international institutes. Ethical approval was reported in 86% of articles, and 71% of funding originated from international sources. The Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, emerged as the most productive institute while leading journals were the Asian Journal of Psychiatry and PLOS One.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Enhancing the focus on interventional research, fostering local partnerships and international collaborations, and addressing the health needs of marginalized communities can lead to more effective healthcare interventions and equitable health outcomes in Jharkhand.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Blood Flow Restriction Impact on Muscle Activation in Lower Extremities and Its Significance for Clinical Treatment.","authors":"Tiancheng Yu, Xiaopeng Jia, Jianfan Yu, Guoxiang Wang","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1358_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1358_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute blood flow restriction (BFR) training has been recognized for its potential benefits in increasing muscle strength and hypertrophy. However, the specific effects of acute BFR on muscle activation in the lower leg during exercise, such as deep squats, under different weight-bearing conditions have yet to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the effect of acute BFR on muscle activation in the lower leg during the deep squat and discuss its importance in clinical nursing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five female participants performed deep squats under low-intensity (LI), LI-BFR, high-intensity (HI), or HI-BFR. While the LI groups used bodyweight squats, the HI groups used 75% of one repetition maximum. A pressurized band was tied to the upper third of the thigh with the restrictive pressure determined by the thigh dimension. Electromyography signals of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus (SEM), gluteus maximus (GM), lateralis, vastus medialis (VMO), and rectus femoris (RF) were collected and the standardized values of the root mean square (RMS) of each muscle were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RMS values were lower in the LI-BFR than in the LI group and changes were significant for the GM, VMO, RF ( P < 0.05), SEM, and vastus lateralis ( P < 0.01). The RMS values were also lower in the HI-BFR than in the HI group and changes were significant for the lateral femoral ( P < 0.05), RF ( P < 0.05), and medial femoral muscles ( P < 0.01). The RMS standard values of the lower extremity muscles were higher in the HI than in the LI groups ( P < 0.01). Following the increase in intensity, the elevation rate of the RMS values in the lower extremity muscles was similar under both pressurized and nonpressurized conditions ( P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study highlight that increasing the load effectively enhances muscle activation in the lower extremities during deep squats, but no positive impact of acute BFR on muscle activation was observed. Under BFR conditions, there was no further increase in muscle activation beyond what was achieved with increased load alone. This clinical nursing intervention method still requires further exploration, particularly in enhancing muscle strength and function in individuals undergoing rehabilitation or experiencing muscle atrophy. At least during the training process, no observed increase in muscle activation was observed. Further research and the development of evidence-based guidelines are necessary to explore the full potential of acute BFR in clinical nursing practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}