Indian journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Recruitment and Retention Strategies Adopted in an Indian Urban Longitudinal Study of Aging.","authors":"Sunitha Holenarasipura Shivanna, Prathima Arvind, Abhishek Mensegere, S Angeline Jessy, Jonas Sundarakumar, Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1378_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1378_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>An Indian cohort study called the TATA Longitudinal Study of Aging (TLSA) seeks to determine the protective and risk variables for dementia. Our study used innovative recruitment and retention techniques, such as establishing relationships with urban neighborhoods, involving them in awareness campaigns, providing valuable medical advice, and offering mobile unit assessments and transportation services. Around 1400 individuals aged ≥45 years were recruited for the study and around 82% of them are still active part of the study. TLSA study offers valuable insights into recruitment strategies for enhancing study enrollment and retention in urban cohorts of developing countries like India.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"130-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Epidemiological Pitfalls of Attribution in Environmental Health: Illustrations from Air Pollution.","authors":"Arun Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1046_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1046_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators of Health Care Workers' Compliance with Infection Prevention and Control Practices in Health-care Facilities: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Adil Abalkhail, Ayman Elbehiry","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_254_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_254_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health-care-associated infections (HAIs) are prevalent in health-care facilities, with 7%-10% of patients in developed countries acquiring one. In low- and middle-income countries, the incidence is higher. Reducing HAIs is a global priority, requiring effective infection prevention and control (IPC) measures.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review analyzes barriers and enablers in compliance with IPC procedures in hospitals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Literature was obtained from the databases such as MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, and other sources of gray literature. Government and health-care body websites were also searched for relevant references. The search used Boolean operators to combine keywords and text words in MeSH, title, abstract, and full text.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several factors can act as barriers or facilitators to health-care workers' compliance with IPC practices. Key barriers include lack of knowledge and training, time constraints, workload, inadequate resources, and cultural and behavioral factors. Key facilitators include leadership and management support, education and training, adequate resources, and monitoring and feedback.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review aimed to identify factors causing noncompliance with infection control procedures and identify research gaps. Addressing both barriers and facilitators is crucial in promoting a safer health-care environment and reducing the incidence of HAIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"74-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Bindu K Sankar, Hrishikesh Amin, P Pappa, K M Riaz","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1514_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1514_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted to find out the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). A total of 311 preterm infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks and birth weight ≤2000 g admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were screened by Indirect ophthalmoscopy. Both univariate (Chi-square test) and multivariate regression analysis were used for analyzing risk factors. Any stage of ROP was seen in 58 (18.64%) infants, Plus disease in 13 eyes of 7 infants, and aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity in 1 infant. In univariate analysis, gestational diabetes, type of delivery, gestational age, birth weight, hemoglobin at birth, Apgar at 1 and 5 min, duration of oxygen administration, ventilator support, continuous positive airway pressure, hood, nasal prongs, hyaline membrane disease, surfactant, PDA, sepsis, and weight on postnatal day 15 showed statistically significant association with ROP. Gestational diabetes (P = 0.029), duration of oxygen administration (P = 0.003), and gestational age (P = 0.012) were statistically significant in multivariate analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"111-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study on Rollout of Quality Diagnostic Service at Subcenter Level in Implemented and Control Blocks of Balangir.","authors":"Manasee Panda, Sushree Priyadarsini Satapathy, Tushar Kanti Meher, Anil Kumar Agrawal","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_985_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_985_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the benefit gained by the use of digital devices with the Sankalp app for detecting the high-risk pregnancy (HRP) cases during Village Health and Nutrition Day (VHND) sessions in the implemented blocks. Significantly more number of high-risk cases were detected in the experimental blocks (χ2 = 5.7075, at P < 0.01). In addition to it, the study revealed no follow-up of high-risk cases, no supervision, and lack of basic amenities, in the VHND sessions. Hence, strengthening and scale-up of the Sankalp app model for early identification, tracking, and management of HRPs were advocated.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"133-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Factors that Influence Iron Deficiency Anemia in India.","authors":"Monica Peter, Amrit, Joanne Elizabeth Roshin, Joe Varghese, Padmanaban Venkatesan","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1441_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1441_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Iron deficiency anemia is a major public health concern in India and is widespread in different regions of this country. Nutritional iron deficiency, in particular, lack of sufficient consumption of heme iron and other dietary factors, are considered to play a role in the high prevalence of anemia in India. In this regard, we constructed a database of nutritional iron consumption by its source and dietary factors that affect iron consumption (Vitamin C, phytates, calcium, and polyphenols) at the district level using the food consumption database extracted from the national household consumption survey. In both rural and urban regions, the consumption of iron from animal sources was only a minor fraction of the total iron consumption. Total and plant sources of iron consumption were comparatively higher in North-Western and Central regions and lower in Eastern regions. Phytates are consumed in higher amounts in many regions of India.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"100-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need to Loosen the Politico-bureaucratic Stranglehold over the National Health Mission.","authors":"Anand Krishnan","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_684_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_684_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>National Health Mission (NHM), started in 2008, is a paradigm shift in public health system in India in terms of higher allocation, community involvement, setting standards. However, it is working suboptimally due to the politico-bureaucratic stranglehold. Increasing bureaucratization is seen in promotion of a top-down-one-size-fits-all model or introducing complexity in the system or making the processes more important than the ends. Politicization includes (re) naming for political gains and converting routine service into events. The oversight of the NHM is mainly political and bureaucratic. There is a need for strengthening technical leadership of NHM to fully realize its potential gains.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"124-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Correlational Study between Chest Computed Tomography Severity Score and Laboratory Biomarker among COVID-19 Patient Admitted to a Tertiary Care Institute in a Tribal Belt of Central India.","authors":"Md Naushad Alam, Shagufta Khatoon, Akash Verma, Hemlata Thakur, V K Manwani","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_659_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_659_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 an emerging viral disease is a new challenge before the world. While having limited resources, early identification and deciding the need for hospitalization is important in management.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Can Chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) score be used as a prognostic factor and along biomarkers as a composite indicator to determine outcomes in COVID-19 pneumonia?</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional record-based study was conducted at a Tertiary Care Institute in Central India on 400 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed COVID-19 patients during March 1st, 2021-May 31st, 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 42.82 years with male predominance (67%). Comorbidity was positively associated with computed tomography severity score (CT-SS) (P = 0.0). Most common comorbidities were hypertension (26%), diabetes (21%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (17%), and chronic kidney disease (17%). There was a statistically significant positive association between oxygen requirement (P = 0.002) and biomarkers including D-dimmer, serum ferritin, and C-reactive protein with HRCT severity score (HRCT-SS). Cycle threshold value had varying relation to the CT-SS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HRCT-SS can be used as a predictor for COVID-19 pneumonia severity and mortality outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Coronavirus Vaccine (Recombinant) (Covishield) and BBV152; Bharat Biotech COVID-19 Vaccine (Covaxin) for COVID-19: Reports of Adverse Events Following Vaccination among the Indian Population.","authors":"Sukhpal Kaur, Latika Rohilla, Choro Athiphro Kayina, Jasvir Kaur, Gurpreet Kaur, Anjani Walia, Pramod Kumar, Ajay Singh, Sushma Saini, Shiv Lal Soni, Pankaj Malhotra","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_505_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_505_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 is declared a global pandemic by the WHO; vaccines were the need of the hour to reduce mortality and return to some form of normal life. The Indian government provides two vaccines as per the program; ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBV152; Bharat Biotech COVID-19 vaccine. However, vaccine hesitancy is a major public health concern.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) after COVID-19 vaccination. The safety profile of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBV152 vaccine was also studied.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a large-scale, cross-sectional survey. Beneficiaries who had their vaccination in the past 2 weeks were sent an online survey performa regarding AEFIs after COVID-19 vaccine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 2311 participants, 58% received ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 and 42% received BBV152 COVID-19 vaccine, with the mean ± standard deviation age (years) of 36.3 ± 14.5 and 16.9 ± 4.07, respectively. The previous history of COVID-19 infection was reported in 7% of the participants. In the ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 group, 85.3% participants reported at least one adverse reaction, with pain at site being the most common, followed by fever, fatigue, and feeling of unwellness. In the BBV152 group, 17% reported adverse reaction, with pain site being the most common, followed by tenderness, fatigue, and feeling of unwellness. In the BBV152 group, a significant positive association was observed between AEFIs and age. In the ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 group, age was marginally associated with AEFIs. AEFIs were more after first dose (121 vs. 43, P < 0.001, adjusted odds ratio (OR) =3.39 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.24-5.11], P < 0.001) among elderly (adjusted OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.36-0.99, P = 0.047) and women (721 vs. 423, P = 0.001, adjusted OR = 1.68 [95% CI: 1.24-2.29], P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study observed that both ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBV152 have a favorable safety profile without serious AEFIs in any of the beneficiaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming Health-Care System: Free Diagnostic Service Initiative and Comprehensive Primary Health Care.","authors":"Srikanta Padhan, Gouri Kumari Padhy","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1474_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1474_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>India's health-care system has seen significant improvements with the introduction of the Free Diagnostics Service Initiative in 2015 and the Comprehensive Primary Health Care in 2018 under the Ayushman Bharat program. These initiatives aimed to provide free diagnostic services, reduce out-of-pocket expenses, and enhance health-care quality. Despite these efforts, challenges such as the need for standardization, capacity building, infrastructure development, and robust monitoring persist. Collaborative efforts between central and state governments are essential to overcome these challenges and achieve universal health care. This article examines India's diagnostic health-care system, highlighting disparities and challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 1","pages":"121-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}