Indian journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Geographical Analysis of Acute Respiratory Infection in Cold Desert Ladakh - India: Unraveling Spatio-temporal Dynamics and Risk Factors.","authors":"Aijaz Ahmad Khanday, G M Rather, Adnan Hussain Lone, Mushtaq Ahmad Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1250_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1250_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>Acute respiratory infection (ARI) represents a pervasive global health concern, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Our findings reveal a notably high prevalence of ARI in Ladakh. Employing a cross-sectional design, the total number of households surveyed was 401, among them, the total population was 2107; males, 1153, and females, 954. The highest incidence rate of 160.26/1000 persons was observed in the age group below 14 years, followed by those above 59 years (47.76), while the age group of 14-59 exhibited the lowest incidence rate at 21.23. To explore the factors contributing to ARI in Ladakh, we employed binary logistic regression modeling. Our analysis highlights significant associations between ARI incidence and various socioeconomic and environmental determinants. Notably, primary occupation, family type, kitchen ventilation, domestic fuel consumption, crowding, and smoking behaviors within families were found to be statistically significant determinants of ARI among the sample population of Ladakh.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"431-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Revisit COTPA as Herbs Become Perilous.","authors":"Noopur Kokane, Sachin Khatri, Shilpa Warhekar, Aniket Dhote","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_321_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_321_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"469-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-sectional Study to Identify Risk Factors for Hepatitis C in Punjab, India.","authors":"Roli Tandon, Caroline E Boeke, Siddharth Sindhwani, Umesh Chawla, Parag Govil, Oriel Fernandes, Yuhui Chan, Pinnaka Venkata Maha Lakshmi, Gagandeep S Grover","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_883_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_883_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody prevalence in Punjab, India (0.56%) is higher than the national average (0.32%), but primary drivers of local transmission are unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to identify behavioral and demographic predictors of screening positive for HCV in Punjab.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Interviews assessing exposure to potential HCV risk factors were administered cross-sectionally to persons screening for HCV across 10 treatment facilities. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using generalized estimating equation models accounting for clustering by health facility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One thousand seven hundred and sixty-three patients tested anti-HCV positive; 595 were negative. 57.7% of respondents were male; the median age was 40 years. 13.8% reported injecting drugs. Males were more likely to test positive than females (RR: 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.21). Unmarried men were at higher risk of anti-HCV positivity compared with married men (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.08-1.24), but unmarried women were at lower risk (RR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.98). The strongest risk factors were history of injecting drugs (RR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.24-1.51), incarceration (RR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.12-1.33), acupuncture use (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.09-1.33), having household member(s) with a history of incarceration (RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08-1.26), and tattoos (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.24). Additional risk factors among men included receiving injections in a public hospital or from unregistered medical practitioners and among women included a history of childbirth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Injecting drugs was most strongly associated with anti-HCV positivity in this population. Greater attention to HCV prevention is needed, with a focus on people-centered harm reduction programs, behavioral change interventions, and increasing safety in potential transmission settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"387-395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Mpox Cases Identified Through Case-based Surveillance in India, July 2022-January 2023.","authors":"Serin Kuriakose, Rajesh Kumar Gupta, Anuj Kumar, Jyoti Kumar, Sanket Kulkarni, Himanshu Chauhan, Vineet Relhan, V Meenakshy, Lakshmi Geetha Gopalakrishnan, S K Singh, Arti Bahl, Sukarma Tanwar, Tanzin Dikid","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1381_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1381_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Of the 43 mpox cases reported by the WHO in South East Asia between January 2022 and March 2023, 24 (56%) were from India.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of cases identified through India's hospital case-based surveillance.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We identified mpox cases as a positive result for mpox virus polymerase-chain-reaction assay, reported through surveillance from July 1, 2022 to January 7, 2023. Cases and clinicians were interviewed, and data were abstracted from the medical records. We conducted contact tracing among family, close social networks, and healthcare personnel staff for the first 17 cases. We collected the data on sociodemographics, clinical findings, and behavior, and described data using summary statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 24 laboratory-confirmed cases (42% females, median age 30 years, range 22-38), including one death (case fatality rate 4.2%). We collected clinical and behavioural data from 21 of 24 cases. All had rashes with vesicles and genital lesions; 7 (33%) reported genital lesions as the first symptom; and 3 (13%) reported complications. Among the 21 cases, all were sexually active, none self-identified as men having sex with men (MSM), and 6 (29%) reported multiple sex partners. We identified 51 contacts of the first 17 reported cases, none reported symptoms suggestive of mpox.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical and behavioral characteristics of mpox cases in India are consistent with the global 2022 outbreak, with the exception that no cases in India reported MSM. Most were sexually active young adult economic migrants and developed genital lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"374-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of Technical Efficiency of the Health-care Sector in Assam: An Application of Nonparametric Method.","authors":"Arup Deka, Ratul Mahanta","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1323_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_1323_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>The study has used a nonparametric method to estimate the technical efficiency of health-care sector in the substate level of Assam. The study is based on secondary data for the year 2018-2019. The average constant return to scale technical efficiency score is 0.81, while the average efficiency scores in variable return to scale technical efficiency and scale efficiency (SE) are 0.88 and 0.92 respectively. Moreover, seven (26%) districts are technically efficient. The major cause of inefficiency is the poor management of health-care sector. Four (15%) districts Chirang, Dima Hasao, Baksa, and Udalguri have achieved least efficiency score, while five (19%) districts Kamrup (Rural), Sivasagar, Dibrugarh, Lakhimpur, and Goalpara have the highest potentiality to achieve efficiency level. The study is static in nature. However, it will help the health policymakers to improve management and size of operation of health sector in the state.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"438-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Disparity of Anemia among Children and Its Determinants: A Study of National Family Health Survey-5.","authors":"Subhadip Mandal, Jagannath Behera, Bichitra Shit, Sankar Paul","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_943_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_943_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>This study analyzes data from India's National Family Health Survey to assess the prevalence of anemia among children aged 6-59 months. Over the past decade, the prevalence increased from 59% to 67%, remaining a significant public health concern. Gujarat has highest rates, and Kerala has lowest among major states in India. The Western region tops in prevalence (75.70%), whereas the Northeast has the lowest (56.20%). Factors such as lower maternal education, poverty, religion, rural residence, poor child nutrition, low birth weight, and stunting contribute to higher odds of anemia. Improved socioeconomic conditions and maternal nutrition are recommended for risk reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"450-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hodgkin's Lymphoma after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in a Patient from India.","authors":"Vinay Kumar Konan, S T Kavya, Mohan C Nagchand, Bhushan C Shetty","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1285_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1285_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Summary: </strong>Malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive individuals have a larger role in morbidity and mortality. Appropriate clinical acumen is required for a clinician to anticipate the occurrence of lymphoma after starting antiretroviral therapy, especially in patients with CD4 <100 cells/mm3. Here is a 30-year-old man with weight loss and appetite, found to be retroviral disease positive status with low CD 4 counts. He was started on antiretroviral treatment, and following that, he developed Hodgkin's lymphoma of mixed cellularity. He is planned for an ABVD regimen and received one cycle of the same without any complications. To our knowledge, we are reporting the first case of an HIV patient with a mixed cellularity form of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma from India.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"454-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and Cultural Influences on Genetic Counseling Acceptability: A Mixed-Methods Study on Beta-Thalassemia Carriers Among Graduate Students in West Bengal, India.","authors":"Abhishek Samanta, Sugata Sen, Indranil Choudhuri, Nandan Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_356_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_356_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by abnormal production of hemoglobin. The prevalence of thalassemia in India varies depending on the region and population. The study used a pre- and postcounseling cross-sectional design, which involves measuring outcomes before and after the intervention (genetic counseling).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Three hundred and eighty-five respondents were screened as thalassemia carriers, between a pool of 2985 participants to depict the quantitative prevalence of thalassemia. Two separate qualitative cross-sectional studies were conducted and compared to validate genetic counseling. The aims of the study are to contribute to the understanding of thalassemia carrier frequency and to improve the education and awareness of college students regarding thalassemia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two different questionnaires were used with the same knowledge, attitude, and practice parameters, one before and one after counseling. A two-sample t-test and an analysis of variance (ANOVA) F-test were used to compare the changes in knowledge, attitude, and practice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using paired samples t-test to compare the pre- and postcounseling outcome showed significant (P < 0.001) elevation in terms of knowledge, attitude, social beliefs, social discomfort, and practice as a thalassemia carrier. Further, ANOVA F-test demonstrates the relationship between demography and the difference in parametric score of the pre- and postcounseling outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By improving knowledge and attitudes, counseling can help individuals to better understand their condition and the importance of adhering to treatment recommendations. This can lead to improved health outcomes and a better quality of life for affected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"366-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the Therapeutic Roller Coaster of COVID-19: Lessons for the Future.","authors":"Sudhir Chandra Sarangi, Deeksha Sharma","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1110_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_1110_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"462-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Public Health System's Preparedness to Address Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Rapid Assessment Survey of Health-care Providers in India.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/IJPH.IJPH_1056_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/IJPH.IJPH_1056_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"68 3","pages":"471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}