Indian journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Different Body Mass Index Classification Tools to Identify Underweight and Overweight among Young Girls in Rural Haryana.","authors":"K Srinath, Ravneet Kaur, Mani Kalaivani, Shashi Kant, Puneet Misra, Sanjeev Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_356_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_356_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malnutrition is prevalent and impactful among young Indian girls aged under 18 years. Systematic errors have been observed in body mass index (BMI) classification among these girls. We assessed anthropometry of 185 young girls (15-17 years) from rural Haryana, and classified BMI using different tools by the World Health Organization (WHO), Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP), and extended International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). Agreement between various tools with extended IOTF cutoffs was expressed by Cohen's weighted kappa. The WHO and IAP charts demonstrated moderate agreement with extended IOTF cutoffs. The CDC chart did not distinguish severe underweight and underweight. Extended IOTF Asian cutoffs are context-specific, able to classify all five weight categories, have smooth transition to adult BMI standards, and suitable for identifying underweight and overweight. This study emphasizes need for developing and using accurate BMI classification tools, to improve the efficiency of addressing malnutrition among young rural Indian girls.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"227-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of Self-esteem and Self-efficacy among Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients.","authors":"Sudeepta Deep, Mamata Swain, Sasmita Das","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_535_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_535_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer has the greatest incidence rate among all types of cancer and is the most common malignancy worldwide. The low self- esteem among postoperative breast cancer patients when they are experiencing episodes of severe pain, increasing feeling of hopelessness, higher level of depression. A quantitative study was conducted to assess the level of self- esteem and self- efficacy among 200 postoperative breast cancer patients. The standardized Rosenberg self- esteem scale was used for data collection. The result was a maximum of 65.5% had low self- esteem and a maximum 53% had low self- efficacy with a phi value of 0.312 and 'p' value was .001 which was a positive correlation at the level of p<0.01. There was no significant association between the socio demographic status with the level of self- esteem and the level of self- efficacy. The study concluded that positive attitude is a major factor for positive self- esteem.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"211-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six Sigma Methodology to Reduce Medication Errors in a Tertiary Care Public Hospital in Kerala, India.","authors":"Raman Swathy Vaman, K V Prakash","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_511_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_511_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Oral Bupropion and Nortriptyline as an Adjunct Treatment for Reducing the Use of Smokeless Tobacco: A Retrospective Study from a Tobacco Cessation Clinic in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India.","authors":"Aparajita Guin, Hoineiting Rebecca Haokip, Sanjib Bandyopadhyay, Saibal Das, Indranil Saha, Aniruddha Basu, Stuti Bhargava","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_400_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_400_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is supporting evidence on the use of nortriptyline in smoking; however, its effectiveness in smokeless tobacco cessation has not been studied.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of oral bupropion and nortriptyline in reducing smokeless tobacco use.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 85 smokeless tobacco users who required pharmacotherapy (either bupropion or nortriptyline) in addition to behavioral counseling and standard nicotine replacement therapy were included in the study. The amount of tobacco use and Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND)-smokeless tobacco score were compared at the end of 3 months of treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 84 patients (92.9% males); 39 (46.4%) received bupropion and 45 (53.6%) received nortriptyline. Of them, 97.4% of patients who received bupropion and 84.4% who received nortriptyline reported reduced usage of smokeless tobacco after treatment (P = 0.06). There was a significant reduction in the average use of smokeless tobacco after treatment as compared to baseline usage among patients who received bupropion (median [Q1-Q3], 360 [150-600] to 8 [0-60]) and nortriptyline (median [Q1-Q3], 90 [0-465] to 0 [0-60]). Similarly, there were significant reductions in the median FTND-smokeless tobacco scores after treatment as compared to baseline scorings among patients who received bupropion (median, 6 [4-7] to 0 [0-0.5]) and nortriptyline (median, 6 [4-8] to 0 [0-0.25]). Both bupropion and nortriptyline were found to be safe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adjunct bupropion and nortriptyline were similarly efficacious in reducing smokeless tobacco use. This has clinical significance because nortriptyline is much cheaper than bupropion.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"185-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laws and Community Ownership in Preventing Child Sexual Abuse.","authors":"Nilanjana Ghosh, K Karthi Vignesh Raj, Limalemla Jamir, Satabdi Mitra","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_152_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_152_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"231-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of a Newer Health Transition in the Midst of Geopolitical Upheavals.","authors":"Sanjay Chaturvedi, Narendra Kumar Arora","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_697_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_697_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"151-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Inquiry of Injection Safety among Varied Healthcare Institute: Prioritizing Patient Safety and Adherence.","authors":"Sanjaykumar Dabhi, Niraj B Pandit, Tulsi S Dabhi","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_269_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_269_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients and health-care providers are at significant risk of both infectious and noninfectious adverse effects due to the hazardous nature of injection techniques. According to the International Physical Activity and the Environment Network study findings, 3-6 billion injections are administered annually in India. Remarkably, studies imply that every year, at least 50% of injections performed globally are harmful. Aim of the study is to examine the overall effectiveness of the existing infrastructure and systems within health-care facilities in facilitating safe injection practices. A descriptive survey approach was used where total 26 healthcare facilities were observed and healthcare worker were interviewed. The tool consists of observational checklist. Several aspects of injection safety were found to be satisfactory in both government and private health-care facilities city. Nevertheless, opportunities for improvement exist, warranting specific measures. The implementation of regular in-service educational training sessions is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"221-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Hypertension Assessment.","authors":"Swati Ghonge, Alisha Pawar, Shreya Sengupta","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_828_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_828_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safeguarding the Essence of POCSO: A Call for Comprehensive Awareness and Inclusion.","authors":"Shreya Bera, Pragya Upadhyay, Animesh Jain","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_275_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_275_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Adolescent Boys - Peer Education and Road Safety in Rural Maharashtra.","authors":"Shwetangi Ravindra Shinde, Sagar Arvind Padhye, Nived G Sudarson, Sujata R Lavangare, Vijaykumar S Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijph.ijph_250_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijph.ijph_250_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Road accidents are a leading cause of death, morbidity, and economic burden among young individuals. This study aims to evaluate how effective a peer education program is in improving road safety knowledge, attitudes and practices among adolescent boys aged 16-19 from two villages. In Village \"A,\" 110 boys completed a baseline survey, and 10 were chosen as peer educators to provide the intervention. Village \"B\" served as the control group, receiving traditional road safety education. After 6 months, all participants took a post-test survey. The intervention group showed a significant increase in road safety knowledge compared to the control group (P < 0.0001), but there was no significant difference in attitudes (P = 0.34) or practices (P = 0.72). The study indicates that peer education can effectively enhance road safety knowledge, but further research is needed to see if it leads to lasting behavioural changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13298,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of public health","volume":"69 2","pages":"214-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}