Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Silent escalation: The journey of Shigella from gut to blood","authors":"Ekadashi Rajni ,&nbsp;Snigdha Purohit ,&nbsp;Rachna Priyadarshini ,&nbsp;Gunjan Agarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Shigella</em> are Gram-negative non motile facultative anaerobic bacteria belonging to family <em>Enterobacterales</em>. They are a leading cause of diarrhoea and dysentery and constitute a significant public health problem in both the developing and developed nations. In Asia alone, 125 million infections and 14,000 deaths are estimated to be due to shigellosis annually. Bacteremia caused by <em>Shigella</em> spp is rare. We hereby present a case of bloodstream infection caused by fluoroquinolone resistant, extended spectrum beta lactamase producing <em>Shigella flexneri</em> strain in a five-year-old malnourished child that was successfully managed using meropenem and supportive treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100815"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the molecular landscape of Candida auris in a tertiary care setting in Eastern India","authors":"Pritika Gahlot ,&nbsp;Vinaykumar Hallur ,&nbsp;Bijayini Behera ,&nbsp;Prashanth Purushotham ,&nbsp;Diptanu Paul ,&nbsp;Jawahar Pillai ,&nbsp;Swagata Tripathy ,&nbsp;Anupam Dey ,&nbsp;Krishna Mohan Gulla ,&nbsp;Madhuchhanda Das ,&nbsp;Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div><em>Candida auris</em> was recently listed as a critical priority fungal pathogen by WHO due to its multidrug resistance and enhanced propensity for nosocomial transmission. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology and colonization patterns of <em>C. auris</em> in a tertiary care center in Eastern India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 201 patients from different intensive care units (ICUs) were enrolled, with colonization rates determined through enrichment followed by culture on chromogenic agar and molecular confirmation using <em>Candida auris</em> specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antifungal susceptibility testing was done using microbroth dilution. For molecular characterization Fluorescent Amplified Fragment Polymorphism (FAFLP) was used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FAFLP revealed multiple clusters of strains, predominantly belonging to clade I, with notable isolates closely associated with clades III, IV, and V, previously unreported in India. Antifungal susceptibility testing found high resistance to amphotericin B (59.6 %) and low resistance to fluconazole compared to older studies (59.6 %), underscoring the need for further investigation. Sustained transmission of <em>C. auris</em> was observed despite infection control measures, emphasizing the ongoing challenges in infection control and the necessity for continuous surveillance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study contributes valuable insights into the epidemiology and genetic diversity of <em>C. auris</em> in Eastern India, highlighting the need for further investigations to understand transmission dynamics and clinical implications and underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance in combating this emerging pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Dissemination of multidrug-resistant community-associated MRSA and emergence of LA-MRSA, in a healthcare setting","authors":"Vijayan Priya,&nbsp;S. Nagarathna,&nbsp;Kumari HB. Veena","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) continues to be a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). In this study, we aimed to characterize the MRSA isolates obtained from HAIs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 200 clinical and 13 nasal MRSA isolates were collected and tested. The samples were analyzed for SCC<em>mec</em> typing by using multiplex PCR. Microtiter for biofilm formation were performed and molecular typing for the samples were performed for spa and agr typing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The isolates showed 100 % sensitivity to vancomycin and linezolid, while 92.5 % were multidrug-resistant. Strong biofilm-forming ability was observed in 47 % of the isolates. SCC mec typing identified 52.5 % of the isolates as classical hospital-associated MRSA or HA-MRSA (SCC mec type III), 23.5 % as community-associated MRSA or CA-MRSA (type IV and V), and 16.5 % as non-typeable, with 7.5 % having multiple SCCmec types.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Comparison of HA and CA-MRSA traits revealed that both groups had multidrug resistance, but HA-MRSA was distinguished by its strong capacity for biofilm formation, whereas CA-MRSA was marked by a high count of toxin gene. Our study, to the best of our awareness, documents the presence of LA-MRSA (SCCmec V- t127-agr III) causing HAIs in Indian patients for the first time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100810"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing of flash positive blood culture bottles using disk diffusion and automated broth microdilution on VITEK 2 compact with standard methods: Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol","authors":"Prerna S. Salian ,&nbsp;Dhruti Sheth ,&nbsp;Anurag K. Bari ,&nbsp;Aruna Poojary ,&nbsp;Seema Rohra ,&nbsp;Minipriyaa R","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sepsis requires prompt diagnosis for effective management. Standard Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) is time-consuming, highlighting the need for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (RAST) to provide reports earlier.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare the results of RAST and AST in order to determine the feasibility and reliability of RAST.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A study at a tertiary care facility analyzed 95 positive blood culture isolates. RAST was performed by Disk Diffusion (DD) and VITEK 2 Compact Automated Broth Microdilution (BMD) from flagged positive broth. In contrast, AST was performed by DD and BMD from isolated colonies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 95 Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), <em>E. coli</em> (n = 40), and <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (n = 19) were most common. RAST vs AST DD for GNB showed 91 % Categorical agreement (CA) with an overall Very Major Error (VME) and Major Error (ME) rates of 0.7 % &amp; 2.2 % and respectively. For GNB, RAST vs. AST BMD demonstrated a CA of 97 % and Essential Agreement (EA) of 97.7 %, with VME and ME rates of 1.7 % (excluding <em>E.coli</em> + Cefepime drug bug pairs) and 0.1 % respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that RAST is a reliable antimicrobial susceptibility tool for GNB from direct Blood Culture broths. RAST can support early initiation of targeted antimicrobial therapy in patients with sepsis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100809"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal case of Leptospira wolffii infection in Sikkim, India: An autochthonous case from a new geographical region","authors":"Shrijana Gurung ,&nbsp;Dipesh Tewari ,&nbsp;Urgen Sherpa ,&nbsp;Tashi Pegey Chhophel ,&nbsp;Aktarul Islam Siddique ,&nbsp;Neelanjana Sarmah ,&nbsp;Biswajyoti Borkakoty","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes the first documented fatal case of <em>Leptospira wolffii</em> in Sikkim, India, marking a novel geographic occurrence of leptospirosis in the Himalayan state. A 40-year-old female presented with fever, sepsis, and acute kidney injury, succumbing despite intensive care and antibiotic treatment. Targeted 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed a 100 % identity with <em>L. wolffii</em>. Phylogenetic analysis showed close relatedness to strains from Thailand, Bangladesh, and Assam. Environmental investigations revealed rodent infestation and livestock proximity as potential sources. This study underscores the need for awareness of leptospirosis in non-endemic regions, rapid diagnostics, and a one health approach to mitigate such outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100813"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From obscurity to infamy: Myroides as an opportunistic Uropathogen - A clinical vignette and comprehensive review of literature","authors":"Debasish Biswal ,&nbsp;Sanjay Pandey ,&nbsp;Sandeep Mangla ,&nbsp;Sadia Khan ,&nbsp;Ananya Arora ,&nbsp;Vibha Mehta ,&nbsp;Pankhuri Kumari ,&nbsp;Aayush Chawla ,&nbsp;Anubhav Pandey ,&nbsp;Sharmila Sengupta","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, <em>Myroides</em> species have gained recognition as significant opportunistic pathogens, capable of inducing severe infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This case report documents an instance of urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by <em>Myroides</em> species in a 68-year-old man with a complex medical history, including both cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis. Additionally, we explored the ultimate patient outcomes and present an up-to-date review of the scientific literature pertaining to UTIs associated with <em>Myroides</em> species. This case highlights the emerging importance of <em>Myroides</em> species in clinical settings and underscores the need for increased awareness among healthcare professionals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100811"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The enigmatic voyage of pneumococcal carriage: Unraveling the risk factors in pediatric populations -- A scoping review","authors":"Vaishnavi Vishram Naik ,&nbsp;Subhangini Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Krishnamurthy Jayanna ,&nbsp;Tushar Shaw","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pneumococcal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, especially among children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although considerable research has been done on the frequency of pneumococcal infections and their risk factors, there are still many unanswered questions. The objective of this study is to offer fresh perspectives through systematic literature review on the shifting prevalence of and associated risk factors for pneumococcal colonization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of literature from January 2012 to December 2023 was conducted using PubMed and Scopus, with keywords related to <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> colonization and risk factors, and references were manually screened.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Studies from 41 different countries are included in the evaluation, which focuses on pediatrics patients who are most vulnerable to pneumococcal infections. The most frequent risk variables for pneumococcal colonization were having siblings, daycare centers, passive smoking, household characteristics, age, comorbidities, and vaccination status. The frequency of pneumococcal colonization was greatest among LMICs, which may be related to inadequate pneumococcal vaccination programs, densely populated areas, and a lack of knowledge about basic sanitation and hygiene.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study emphasizes how crucial it is to monitor serotype prevalence to direct vaccination campaigns in these regions. For creating efficient pneumococcal disease prevention and control strategies, it is essential to understand the risk factors connected to pneumococcal colonization. The review highlights the value of vaccination campaigns in lowering the prevalence of pneumococcal illness, to completely understand the relationship between immunization, serotype colonization, and the risk of pneumococcal colonization, more study is required especially in LIC and LMIC region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotype and genotype shift detection over two consecutive periods of dengue virus infection in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Sandhya Bhat K ,&nbsp;Mailan Natarajan ,&nbsp;Natarajan Vasanthi ,&nbsp;Sudhagar Mookkappan ,&nbsp;Bhavadharani Pandian ,&nbsp;Shashikala Nair ,&nbsp;Reba Kanungo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Dengue virus infection in humans can also lead to severe complications like dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates around 50 to 100 million dengue infections annually, with approximately 500,000 cases of DHF and 22,000 deaths, predominantly among children. The present study aimed at identifying circulating serotypes of dengue virus in patients by molecular techniques. Serotypes detected were correlated with the clinical profiles, complications, and outcomes in these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was conducted between October 2019 to September 2022. Institute Ethics Committee approval was obtained (Reference no. IEC: RC/18/59). Serum from patients who tested positive for dengue NS1 antigen (NS1Ag) or anti-dengue immunoglobulin M (IgM) were serotyped by dengue reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical data was documented in case report forms and transferred to an Excel spreadsheet, and subsequently analyzed to correlate the dengue virus (DENV) serotype with clinical profile and outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study population included 416 patients, confirmed by Dengue NS1Ag and or anti-Dengue IgM ELISA. Young adults (18–29 yrs) constituted the majority (56 %) of patients. About 85 % of all patients presented with fever, 10.6 % with hemorrhagic fever, and 4.4 % with shock syndrome. Thrombocytopenia with multiple bleeding manifestations was observed in 6.5 % of the patients. The predominant dengue serotype identified was serotype 3 from October 2019 to March 2021, and serotype 2 from April 2021 to September 2022, showing a shift in the serotypes affecting the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Continuous sero- and molecular surveillance plays a crucial role in predicting dengue outbreaks and identifying shifts in circulating serotypes during the early phase of the dengue season. It may also play a role in vaccine preparedness for the control of dengue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro susceptibility of cefiderocol and other comparators in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: A study from India","authors":"Akansha Didwania ,&nbsp;Sarita Mohapatra ,&nbsp;Deepak Kocher ,&nbsp;Hitender Gautam ,&nbsp;Priyanka Kumari ,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar ,&nbsp;Manish Soneja ,&nbsp;Naval K. Vikram ,&nbsp;Seema Sood ,&nbsp;Benu Dhawan ,&nbsp;Bimal Kumar Das ,&nbsp;Rama Chaudhry ,&nbsp;Manoranjan Mahapatra ,&nbsp;Naveet Wig ,&nbsp;Arti Kapil","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cefiderocol is a parenteral catechol-type siderophore cephalosporin, which has been approved for the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections. Its activity among the carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNBs) in India is largely unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>We tested <em>in-vitro</em> susceptibility of cefiderocol in 84 CR-GNB [ carbapenem-resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (CRAB), carbapenem-resistant <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (CRPA), carbapenem-resistant <em>Escherichia coli</em> (CREC) and carbapenem-resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (CRKP)] by broth microdilution (BMD) and disc diffusion (DD) using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints and concordance of DD was compared with BMD. Cefiderocol susceptibility was evaluated based on the presence of <em>bla</em>_NDM and <em>bla</em>_OXA-48 genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints, 76.2% [CRKP: 95.65% (22/23); CRPA: 80% (16/20); CREC: 65% (13/20); CRAB: 61.9% (13/21)] and 52.3% [ CRKP: 82.6% (19/23); CRPA: 50% (10/20); CREC: 20% (4/20)] of CR-GNBs were observed susceptible to cefiderocol, respectively. The susceptibility to cefiderocol was seen higher with lower MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ values for CRKP [1 μg/ml; 4 μg/ml ] and CRPA [2 μg/ml; 8 μg/ml ] in comparison to the other two groups of organisms. The categorical agreement between BMD and DD was found between 90% and 100% for all organisms. Cefiderocol susceptibility among the isolates harbouring <em>bla</em>_NDM, <em>bla</em>_OXA-48, and both <em>bla</em>_NDM and <em>bla</em>_OXA-48 genes was observed 75% (24/32); 100% (3/3); and 66.6% (4/6), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cefiderocol demonstrated high <em>in-vitro</em> activity against CRKP and CRPA isolates from India with lower MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ irrespective of the presence of <em>bla</em>_NDM and <em>bla</em>_OXA-48 genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100793"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare encounter: Tuberculous pyomyositis in an immunosuppressed post-transplant patient","authors":"Sai Kavya Sree ,&nbsp;Stephen Raj ,&nbsp;Mani Bhushan Kumar ,&nbsp;Rakesh Yadav ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Dhatwalia ,&nbsp;Vanji Nathan Subramani ,&nbsp;Mahesh Prakash ,&nbsp;Sunil Sethi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmmb.2025.100791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculous pyomyositis is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). We report a rare case of EPTB in a 34-year-old male post-renal transplant recipient. He presented with pain in the left hip region and fever 9 years after the renal transplantation. A tender swelling was noted over the left hip region, visualized as a loculated hyperintense lesion on MRI. Ultrasound-guided aspiration revealed a purulent discharge which showed acid-fast bacilli on Ziehl-Neelsen staining. GeneXpert MTB confirmed the presence of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis,</em> sensitive to Rifampicin. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculous pyomyositis. Antitubercular treatment (ATT) was started and the abscess was drained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13284,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100791"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}