P. Harika;Girija Sravani Kondavitee;Srinivasa Rao Karumuri;Aime Lay-Ekuakille
{"title":"High Sensitivity of Dielectrically Modulated Tunnel Field Effect Transistor for Biosensor Applications","authors":"P. Harika;Girija Sravani Kondavitee;Srinivasa Rao Karumuri;Aime Lay-Ekuakille","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3386586","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3386586","url":null,"abstract":"The Dielectrically Modulated Full Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (FET) with dual nanocavities, as described in the paper, is a novel device designed as a label-free biosensor for detecting cancer cell biomolecules. This biosensor utilizes the principles of field-effect transistors and incorporates nanocavities to enhance the detection sensitivity. The simulations are conducted using the Silvaco Atlas model, which allowed for the analysis of the device’s electrical characteristics in the presence of various cancer cell biomolecules. The performance of the proposed device is evaluated using several sensing metrics, including current, threshold voltage, and subthreshold slope. These metrics are examined to assess their sensitivity to the presence of different cancer cell biomolecules. By analyzing these electrical characteristics, we can able to determine the device’s ability to detect and differentiate between specific biomolecules associated with cancer cells. One important aspect discussed in the paper is the incorporation of nanocavities in the device design. These nanocavities have a significant impact on enhancing the sensing capabilities of the biosensor. The paper also introduces the concept of the filling factor parameter, which describes the fraction of the nanocavity volume occupied by the cancer cell biomolecules. This parameter plays a crucial role in achieving optimal sensing performance. Overall, the paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the proposed Dielectrically Modulated Full gate Tunnel FET embedded with dual nanocavities as a label-free biosensor for cancer cell biomolecules. The simulations conducted using the Silvaco Atlas model provide valuable insights into the device’s electrical characteristics and its sensitivity to different biomolecules. The study emphasizes the significance of nanocavities and their filling factor parameter in achieving enhanced sensing performance for cancer cell detection.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"24 1","pages":"25-36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140663155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preliminary Exploration of the Biophysical Mechanisms of Pulsed Magnetic Field- Induced Cell Permeabilization","authors":"Chi Ma;Mengnan Zhang;Fei Teng;Wei Zheng;Yan Mi","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3385413","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3385413","url":null,"abstract":"Pulsed magnetic field treatment can enhance cell membrane permeability, allowing large molecular substances that normally cannot pass through the cell membrane to enter the cell. This research holds significant prospects for biomedical applications. However, the mechanism underlying pulsed magnetic field-induced cell permeabilization remains unclear, impeding further progress in research related to pulsed magnetic field. Currently, hypotheses about the mechanism are struggling to explain experimental results. Therefore, this study developed a parameter-adjustable pulsed magnetic field generator and designed experiments. Starting from the widely accepted hypothesis of “induced electric fields by pulsed magnetic field,” we conducted a preliminary exploration of the biophysical mechanisms underlying pulsed magnetic field-induced cell permeabilization. Finally, we have arrived at an intriguing conclusion: under the current technical parameters, the impact of the pulsed magnetic field itself is the primary factor influencing changes in cell membrane permeability, rather than the induced electric field. This conclusion holds significant implications for understanding the biophysical mechanisms behind pulsed magnetic field therapy and its potential biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 3","pages":"482-490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140612766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Benchmarking Power Generation From Multiple Wastewater Electrolytes in Microbial Fuel Cells With 3D Printed Disk-Electrodes","authors":"Yuvraj Maphrio Mao;Khairunnisa Amreen;Sanket Goel","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3385739","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3385739","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) have recently gained attention, as they are inexpensive, green in nature, and sustainable. As per the report, by Allied Market Research the global market size of MFCs will increase from \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${$}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 264.8 million in 2021 to \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${$}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 452.2 million in 2030, growing at a CAGR of 4.5%. The present work is a comparative study of various types of electrolytes that can be used in MFCs. The working electrodes were printed using conducting graphene-based Polylactic Acid (PLA) filaments with the help of a 3D printer under the principle of the fused deposition method. Simulated electrolytes and natural environmental microbial electrolytes were used here. Also, electrolytes of pure E. coli culture were studied. Lake water reported the highest power density of 8.259 mW/cm2 while Stale E. Coli reported the lowest around 0.184 mW/cm2. The study comprehensively lists potential wastewaters that can fuel the MFCs. With the pioneering of various comparative studies of electrolytes, one can insight into the recruitment of electrolytes with high-performance benchmarks for miniaturized energy storage and other microelectronics applications.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 3","pages":"491-498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuewen Qian;Stefan Angerbauer;Malcolm Egan;Marco Di Renzo;Werner Haselmayr
{"title":"A Molecular Communication Perspective on Synchronization of Coupled Microfluidic-Spectroscopy","authors":"Xuewen Qian;Stefan Angerbauer;Malcolm Egan;Marco Di Renzo;Werner Haselmayr","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3384082","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3384082","url":null,"abstract":"A challenge for real-time monitoring of biochemical processes, such as cells, is detection of biologically relevant molecules. This is due to the fact that spectroscopy methods for detection may perturb the cellular environment. One approach to overcome this problem is coupled microfluidic-spectroscopy, where a microfluidic output channel is introduced in order to observe biologically relevant molecules. This approach allows for non-passive spectroscopy methods, such as mass spectrometry, to identify the structure of molecules released by the cell. Due to the non-negligible length of the microfluidic channel, when a sequence of stimuli are applied to a cell it is not straightforward to determine which spectroscopy samples correspond to a given stimulus. In this paper, we propose a solution to this problem by taking a molecular communication (MC) perspective on the coupled microfluidic-spectroscopy system. In particular, assignment of samples to a stimulus is viewed as a synchronization problem. We develop two new algorithms for synchronization in this context and carry out a detailed theoretical and numerical study of their performance. Our results show improvements over maximum-likelihood synchronization algorithms in terms of detection performance when there are uncertainties in the composition of the microfluidic channel.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 3","pages":"458-471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3378375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNB.2024.3378375","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 2","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10484991","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Agam;Vinod Paul;Mohamed Abdelgawad;Ghaleb A. Husseini
{"title":"Production of Targeted Estrone Liposomes Using a Herringbone Micromixer","authors":"Mohamed Agam;Vinod Paul;Mohamed Abdelgawad;Ghaleb A. Husseini","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3382203","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3382203","url":null,"abstract":"Liposomes are spherical vesicles formed from bilayer lipid membranes that are extensively used in targeted drug delivery as nanocarriers to deliver therapeutic reagents to specific tissues and organs in the body. Recently, we have reported using estrone as an endogenous ligand on doxorubicin-encapsulating liposomes to target estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells. Estrone liposomes were synthesized using the thin-film hydration method, which is a long, arduous, and multistep process. Here, we report using a herringbone micromixer to synthesize estrone liposomes in a simple and rapid manner. A solvent stream containing the lipids was mixed with a stream of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) inside a microchannel integrated with herringbone-shaped ridges that enhanced the mixing of the two streams. The small scale involved enabled rapid solvent exchange and initiated the self-assembly of the lipids to form the required liposomes. The effect of different parameters on liposome size, such as the ratio between the flow rate of the solvent and the buffer solutions (FRR), total flow rate, lipid concentrations, and solvent type, were investigated. Using this commercially available chip, we obtained liposomes with a radius of 66.1 ± 11.2 nm (mean ± standard deviation) and a polydispersity of 22% in less than 15 minutes compared to a total of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u000011 hours using conventional techniques. Calcein was encapsulated inside the prepared liposomes as a model drug and was released by applying ultrasound at different powers. The size of the prepared liposomes was stable over a period of one month. Overall, using microfluidics to synthesize estrone liposomes simplified the procedure considerably and improved the reproducibility of the resulting liposomes.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 3","pages":"472-481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10479533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability Analysis for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Molecular Communication Systems","authors":"Taishi Kotsuka;Yutaka Hori","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3404592","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3404592","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular communication (MC) is recently featured as a novel communication tool to connect individual biological nanorobots. It is expected that a large number of nanorobots can form large multi-agent MC systems through MC to accomplish complex and large-scale tasks that cannot be achieved by a single nanorobot. However, most previous models for MC systems assume a unidirectional diffusion communication channel and cannot capture the feedback between each nanorobot, which is important for multi-agent MC systems. In this paper, we introduce a system theoretic model for large-scale multi-agent MC systems using transfer functions, and then propose a method to analyze the stability for multi-agent MC systems. The proposed method decomposes the multi-agent MC system into multiple single-input and single-output (SISO) systems, which facilitates the application of simple analysis technique for SISO systems to the large-scale multi-agent MC system. Finally, we demonstrate the proposed method by analyzing the stability of a specific large-scale multi-agent MC system and clarify a parameter region to synchronize the states of nanorobots, which is important to make cooperative behaviors at a population level.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 3","pages":"507-517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monodirectional Tissue P Systems With Proteins on Cells","authors":"Bosheng Song;Chuanlong Hu;Xiangxiang Zeng","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3404396","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3404396","url":null,"abstract":"A variant of tissue-like P systems is known as monodirectional tissue P systems, where objects only have one direction to move between two regions. In this article, a special kind of objects named proteins are added to monodirectional tissue P systems, which can control objects moving between regions, and such computational models are named as monodirectional tissue P systems with proteins on cells (PMT P systems). We discuss the computational properties of PMT P systems. In more detail, PMT P systems employing two cells, one protein controlling a rule, and at most one object used in each symport rule are capable of achievement of Turing universality. In addition, PMT P systems using one protein controlling a rule, and at most one object used in each symport rule can effectively solve the Boolean satisfiability problem (simply \u0000<monospace>SAT</monospace>\u0000).","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 3","pages":"518-523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae-Won Kim;Jaeho Jeong;Hee-Youl Kwak;Jong-Seon No
{"title":"Design of DNA Storage Coding Scheme With LDPC Codes and Interleaving","authors":"Jae-Won Kim;Jaeho Jeong;Hee-Youl Kwak;Jong-Seon No","doi":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3379976","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TNB.2024.3379976","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a new coding scheme for DNA storage using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and interleaving techniques. While conventional coding schemes generally employ error correcting codes in both inter and intra-oligo directions, we show that inter-oligo LDPC codes, optimized by differential evolution, are sufficient in ensuring the reliability of DNA storage due to the powerful soft decoding of LDPC codes. In addition, we apply interleaving techniques for handling non-uniform error characteristics of DNA storage to enhance the decoding performance. Consequently, the proposed coding scheme reduces the required number of oligo reads for perfect recovery by 26.25% ~ 38.5% compared to existing state-of-the-art coding schemes. Moreover, we develop an analytical DNA channel model in terms of non-uniform binary symmetric channels. This mathematical model allows us to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed coding scheme while isolating the experimental variation, as well as confirm the independent effects of LDPC codes and interleaving techniques.","PeriodicalId":13264,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience","volume":"23 3","pages":"447-457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140184322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}