IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation最新文献

{"title":"Flame Retardancy and Thermal Performance of Rare Earth Oxide-Doped Silicone Rubber Nanocomposites","authors":"Sambari Mahesh;Palash Mishra;Ayman El Hag;Shirish H. Sonawane;Mithun Mondal;R. Sarathi","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2025.3648694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2025.3648694","url":null,"abstract":"Room-temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber is widely used for outdoor high-voltage insulation due to its strong hydrophobicity and anti-pollution performance, but its inherent flammability limits use for fire-prone environments. This study investigates novel RTV silicone rubber composites incorporating lanthanum oxide (La₂O₃), a rare earth oxide (REO), to enhance flame retardancy via radical scavenging and char formation. Four formulations are prepared: undoped silicone rubber, silicone rubber doped with 1 wt.% and 5 wt.% nano La₂O₃, and a commercially used 45 wt.% micro aluminum trihydrate (ATH)-filled rubber. The UL-94 test shows that the 1 wt.% La₂O₃ composite achieved a V-0 rating, outperforming all other specimens, including the ATH composite, which attained V-1. Thermo-oxidative treatment and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis reveal fewer surface microcracks in the 1 wt.% La₂O₃ sample, with minimal degradation of Si–(CH₃)₂ and Si–O–Si bonds, indicating reduced bond scission and effective radical suppression. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirms enhanced thermal stability, with delayed T5%, higher thermal resistance index, and increased char yield. Inclined plane tracking (IPT) further verified improvements, as the 1 wt.% La₂O₃ composite exhibited the shortest tracking length, surpassing the ATH-based and other test specimens. Breakdown strength (BDS), volume resistivity, and Shore hardness measurements demonstrate that the 1 wt.% La₂O₃ composite offers the best dielectric performance with suitable hardness, while the ATH composite provides moderate improvement over the undoped specimen (SU). Overall, the 1 wt.% La₂O₃-filled RTV composite demonstrates superior flame resistance, dielectric reliability, tracking resistance, and mechanical stability with retained flexibility, making it a promising material for high-voltage outdoor insulation under wildfire-prone conditions.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3378-3387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Device Geometry Variations on DC and Analog/RF Performance of Advanced Nanosheet FETs With Si3N4 Spacer Dielectric","authors":"M. Balasubrahmanyam;Ekta Goel","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2025.3650732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2025.3650732","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of use of spacer dielectric (Si₃N<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{{4}}text {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> on dc and analog/RF performance metrics of three advanced nanosheet architectures: the stacked nanosheet field effect transistor (SNSFET), Tree structured field effect transistor (TreeFET), and H-shaped TreeFET (HS TreeFET). As device scaling nears its physical constraints, novel multibridge-channel FET provides superior electrostatics and higher drive performance. The TreeFET architecture presents a branched channel topology that enhances gate control and carrier transport. The integration of H-shaped channels in TreeFET enhances effective channel width while preserving a compact footprint and short-channel immunity. Extensive device simulations are performed utilizing sophisticated TCAD tools to assess threshold voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${V} _{text {th}}text {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, subthreshold swing (SS), drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL), <sc>on</small> current, <inline-formula> <tex-math>${I} _{text {on}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/<inline-formula> <tex-math>${I} _{text {off}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ratio, transconductance (<italic>g</i><inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{text {m}}text {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, cut-off frequency (<italic>f</i><inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{text {T}}text {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, gain bandwidth product (GBP), and transconductance frequency product (TFP). Results demonstrate that HS TreeFET provides higher dc and analog/RF performance due to an H-shaped channel and superior gate control. TreeFET exhibit superior electrostatic integrity compared to traditional NSFET, while preserving competitive RF attributes. The HS TreeFET based CMOS inverter has better noise margin (NM) compared to TreeFET and SNSFET. This study emphasizes the design compromises and performance advantages of novel nanosheet designs, providing significant insights for forthcoming CMOS technology nodes aimed at high-performance logic and RF system-on-chip (SoC) applications.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3422-3430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Practical Approach for Estimating Short Interturn Fault Severity in Turbogenerator Rotor Using RSO Measurement","authors":"Andika Winardi;Budi Sudiarto;Indra Jaya;Yogi Baskoro","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2025.3650510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2025.3650510","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrent surge oscillography (RSO) is a diagnostic tool widely used to detect short interturn faults in the rotor winding of turbogenerators. The indications for short interturn faults in the RSO measurement appear in the peak-to-peak voltage values of the resultant RSO waveform. The greater the peak-to-peak voltage, the worse the condition of the rotor winding insulation is. Nevertheless, there is still no quantitative severity level for short interturn faults in RSO measurements. In this study, a QFSN-220-2 generator rotor that experienced ground faults is examined to measure the severity of short interturn faults. The peak-to-peak voltage value of the resultant waveform RSO measured in the failed generator rotor is proposed as the severe short interturn value. Deep experiments are performed to validate it by operating the spare generator rotor with a severe short interturn fault and conducting fault simulation tests to reinforce the diagnostic results regarding the acceptance criteria of the RSO. The acceptance criteria for the RSO measurement are also examined by performing a Weibull analysis on several turbogenerator rotors with specifications similar to those of the QFSN-220-2 generator rotor. Based on the empirical approach and Weibull analysis, the peak-to-peak voltage value of the resultant RSO waveform can serve as a reference to assess the condition of the rotor winding and can be used to predict the useful life of the generator rotor.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3746-3754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Aging and Oxidative Degradation in Transformer Dielectric Fluids and Advanced NMR Spectroscopic Analysis","authors":"Manjusha S. Nambiar;C. N. Murthy","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2026.3708333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2026.3708333","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major functions of dielectric fluids used in transformers is the condition monitoring of the transformer, and nowadays it is crucial due to the diverse types of insulating fluids used in power systems, including mineral oil, synthetic ester (SE), and natural ester (NE). Effective monitoring ensures the reliability, safety, and extended operational life of transformers. This study employs ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy to investigate the degradation behavior of mineral oil, SE oil, and NE oil under oxidative thermal aging conditions, providing molecular-level insights into their structural transformations. The investigation reveals that mineral oil demonstrates the highest oxidative stability, whereas SEs exhibit a balance between performance, longevity, and environmental benefits. NEs, while biodegradable and renewable, undergo significant molecular alterations upon thermal aging, highlighting the necessity for improved stabilization strategies. The findings are critical for optimizing the selection and formulation of transformer oils (TOs) and dielectric fluids in high-voltage applications. Furthermore, the application of NMR spectroscopy in real-time degradation monitoring presents a promising approach for the predictive maintenance and enhanced reliability of TO systems. This research underscores the efficacy of NMR spectroscopy as a powerful diagnostic tool for assessing TO degradation, enhancing formulations, and extending the operational lifespan of industrial insulating fluids.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3131-3139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Investigation of the Synergistic Effects of Mixed Gases Based on Density Functional Theory","authors":"Lin Lin;Donglei Liu;Weijie Xu;Yingdong Shi","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2025.3650537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2025.3650537","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) gas is restricted from use due to its strong greenhouse effect. The development and application of new insulating gases have attracted significant attention. To avoid insulation failure caused by liquefaction, new insulating gases need to be diluted with buffer gases in the application. However, the synergistic ability of new insulating gases and buffer gases to suppress electron avalanche development is weak, leading to a relatively low dielectric strength of the new mixed insulating gases, which are only suitable for medium and low-voltage electrical equipment. To enhance the dielectric strength of new mixed insulating gases, this study, based on density functional theory (DFT), investigates the interaction mechanisms between gas molecules. The configuration of the composite molecules formed by the interaction of mixed gas molecules is determined, and the stability of the composite configurations is analyzed. The changes in the electron density before and after the molecular binding are compared, and the correlation between the microscopic parameters of the gas molecule composites and the synergism of the mixed insulating gases is explored. The research results indicate that gas molecules can combine to form interaction configurations under intermolecular interactions. During the process of molecular binding to form interaction configurations, the electron density is redistributed, leading to differences in the microscopic parameters of the interaction configuration compared to the individual molecules. The interaction configuration has a stronger ability to suppress electron avalanche development than individual gas molecules, which results in an enhancement of the dielectric strength of the mixed gas beyond the linear sum of the dielectric strengths of the individual molecules. This gives rise to a significant synergistic effect in the mixed gas. In addition, the ability of different interaction configurations to suppress electron avalanche development varies, causing the degree of dielectric strength enhancement in the mixed gas to differ, and consequently, the synergy among the mixed gases also varies.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3447-3456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonmonotonic Variation Mechanism of Electrical Tree Shapes in XLPE With Temperature Increase","authors":"Kang He;Jiahong He;Bingtuan Gao","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2026.3704524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2026.3704524","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical tree shapes show a “branch-bush-branch” nonmonotonic variation with temperature increase, related to the dielectric aggregation state and the Young’s modulus. An electric and stress field-driven electric tree model to explain this nonmonotonic variation is proposed in this article. Simulations and experiments at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$30~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, <inline-formula> <tex-math>$60~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$90~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C are carried out to analyze the effect of the Young’s modulus, physical fields, and driving energies on the tree shapes. At <inline-formula> <tex-math>$30~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, the tree is branch-shaped because the electric field concentrates at the tree tips and is the dominant factor driving the tree growth. At <inline-formula> <tex-math>$60~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, the tree is bush-shaped because the growth energy threshold decreases, and high electric field zones cover the lateral walls of the tree channel. The electric field remains the dominant driving factor. At <inline-formula> <tex-math>$90~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C, the tree is branch-shaped because the strain energy significantly increases and the stress field becomes the dominant factor. Therefore, the analysis of the physical fields and energies can effectively reveal the mechanism of tree shape nonmonotonic variation with temperature increase.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3315-3323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computation on the Key Physical Properties Regulation Mechanism of DVB/PP Composite Films","authors":"Xiaohan Zhuang;Changyun Li","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2026.3657314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2026.3657314","url":null,"abstract":"Polypropylene (PP) films face challenges such as reduced breakdown strength and increased conductivity loss under high-temperature and high-field conditions, which limit their application in pulse capacitors. To address this, we investigate the regulation mechanism of divinylbenzene (DVB) grafting on the dielectric and thermal properties of PP through a combined experimental and molecular simulation approach. Experimentally, DVB-grafted PP samples with grafting degrees of 3.6% and 6.9% were prepared via melt grafting at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$140~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C. Characterization via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed successful grafting, revealing the formation of spherical particles and crosslinked structures that enhance intermolecular interactions. Electrical tests at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$120~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C demonstrated that the 6.9% grafted sample achieved a superior breakdown strength of 645 MV/m, a significant increase from 401 MV/m for pure PP while maintaining a low dielectric loss (tan<inline-formula> <tex-math>$delta le 0.0022$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). In parallel, molecular dynamics simulations were performed on systems with grafting degrees of 3.3%, 6.6%, and 10% at 298 and 393 K. The results indicated that the PP-g-DVB-6.6% system offers the optimal enhancement, improving the relative permittivity and breakdown strength by approximately 5.36% and 19.82% at room temperature, and by 3.96% and 79.55% at high temperature, respectively, compared to pure PP. The simulated thermal conductivity also showed a maximum increase of 114.42%. Microscopic analysis reveals that the enhancement mechanisms are attributed to the introduced deep-level traps (e.g., electron trap level of 3.07 eV), which effectively capture charge carriers, and the improved phonon mode matching facilitates heat transfer. This study provides profound mechanistic insights and valuable data for developing high-performance PP dielectric films for high-temperature applications.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3368-3377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Properties and Photocatalytic Algal Inhibition of KH570-TiO2/RTV Composite Coatings","authors":"Maoqiang Bi;Han Zeng;Zhonghe Tong;Rui Qiu;Xi Chen;Tianyan Jiang","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2025.3635629","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TDEI.2025.3635629","url":null,"abstract":"Room-temperature-vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber coatings are widely used on outdoor insulators for their excellent antipollution flashover performance. However, under hot and humid climates, algal fouling severely deteriorates their surface insulation properties. In this study, a KH570-modified TiO₂ /RTV composite coating is developed to simultaneously enhance antifouling and electrical performance. The influence of nano-TiO₂ particles on the photocatalytic algal inhibition and electrical insulation performance of the composite coatings is systematically studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photocatalytic degradation tests, algal cell mortality measurements, resistivity and dielectric tests, flashover voltage determination, and leakage current analysis. The results show that after 8 h of UV irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation rates of the pristine RTV, 1 wt% RTV, 3 wt% RTV, and 5 wt% RTV coatings reach 17.37%, 92.11%, 93.16%, and 96.22%, respectively. The incorporation of KH570-TiO₂ endows RTV with photocatalytic capability to inhibit algal growth, with the 5 wt% RTV sample achieving an algal cell mortality rate of 84.19% after 96 h of cultivation under simulated natural environmental conditions. In addition, doping with KH570-TiO₂ enhances the electrical properties of RTV, with maximum increases in surface and volume resistivity of 8.36% and 15.64%, respectively. After simulated cultivation with green algae for 96 h, the wet flashover voltage of the 5 wt% RTV sample increases by 8.1 kV compared with the pristine RTV. The findings provide a feasible strategy for integrating photocatalytic antifouling and insulation reinforcement in RTV coatings, addressing biological contamination and flashover degradation under humid conditions.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3333-3341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147921300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bubble Motion and Insulation Characteristics of Evaporative Cooling Medium C6F12O","authors":"Shuangshuang Tian;Xinwen Zhang;Jiahao Wang;Dongqin Nie;Ke Wang;Zhou Huang","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2025.3635644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2025.3635644","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluorohexanone (C₆F₁₂O) has emerged as an ideal medium for electrical equipment evaporative cooling systems due to its excellent comprehensive properties, including low boiling point and superior insulation performance. The heat dissipation capacity and insulation characteristics of the system can be significantly affected by the bubble dynamics of the medium during the evaporative cooling process, thereby limiting its application in high-voltage, high-capacity power equipment. Therefore, the investigation of the bubble behavior and insulation properties of C₆F₁₂O is considered crucial for practical applications in power equipment. In this study, comprehensive investigations are conducted to examine the effects of temperature, electric field, heat flux density, and electrode spacing on bubble dynamics and insulation characteristics using C₆F₁₂O. The experimental results reveal that bubbles exhibit five distinct behavioral modes in the absence of the electric field: migration, deformation, fusion, splitting, and fragmentation. The system is identified to operate in natural convection regime at 305–315 K and nucleate boiling regime at 322–348 K. Under uniform electric fields, the breakdown characteristics of two-phase flow are found to resemble those of liquid phase due to the “liquid lock” phenomenon. When the heat flux density ranges from 0 to 3.31 W/cm², the two-phase system preserves its liquid-phase properties and adheres to a two-parameter Weibull distribution due to the liquid lock effect. As the heat flux density increases to 4.41–5.51 W/cm², bubbles eventually penetrate the liquid lock barrier, establishing gas-phase conduction pathways. These findings provide valuable theoretical guidance and practical References for the engineering application of evaporative cooling in electrical power equipment.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3084-3092"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Mineral Oil Reclamation Using Response Surface Methodology and Multiobjective Genetic Algorithms","authors":"S. Senthil Kumar;G. Visalaxi;G. Saritha;R. Madavan;Abderrahmane Beroual","doi":"10.1109/TDEI.2026.3656101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2026.3656101","url":null,"abstract":"Aged transformer mineral oil undergoes chemical and physical degradation due to continuous thermal, oxidative, and electrical stresses, resulting in the formation of acidic compounds, moisture, sludge, and gases. These changes compromise key oil properties, including breakdown voltage (BDV), total acid number (TAN), moisture content, interfacial tension (IFT), dielectric dissipation factor (tan<inline-formula> <tex-math>$delta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and color index, ultimately affecting transformer reliability and service life. Reclamation using low-cost adsorbents such as activated bentonite and activated carbon provides an environmentally friendly solution. However, optimizing the treatment process is essential to maximize performance. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) is employed to model and evaluate the effects of key process parameters: adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on six critical oil quality indicators. A multiobjective genetic algorithm (MoGA) is then applied to identify optimal operating conditions that simultaneously balance and enhance these parameters. The optimized treatment resulted in substantial improvements: TAN decreased by 78%, moisture content by 66%, BDV increased by 55%, IFT improved by 38%, tan<inline-formula> <tex-math>$delta $ </tex-math></inline-formula> decreased by 41%, and visual clarity was restored close to the original color index. RSM models exhibited strong predictive accuracy (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${R}^{{2}} gt 0.94$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for all parameters), while MoGA successfully mapped the Pareto-optimal tradeoffs. This integrated approach demonstrates a reliable and scalable strategy for sustainable transformer oil regeneration, leveraging data-driven optimization and intelligent decision-making.","PeriodicalId":13247,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation","volume":"33 5","pages":"3591-3598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}