IEEE Photonics Journal最新文献_第9页

Multi-Step Span Loss Prediction in Optical Networks Using Multi-Head Attention Transformers 基于多头注意变压器的光网络多步跨度损耗预测

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3571220

Maryam Hedayatnejad;Yinqing Pei;David Boertjes;Dacian Demeter;Christian Desrosiers;Christine Tremblay

{"title":"Multi-Step Span Loss Prediction in Optical Networks Using Multi-Head Attention Transformers","authors":"Maryam Hedayatnejad;Yinqing Pei;David Boertjes;Dacian Demeter;Christian Desrosiers;Christine Tremblay","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3571220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3571220","url":null,"abstract":"Span Loss is a pivotal characteristic of optical networks, and its accurate prediction enables adjustment for optimal performance and proactive monitoring. Deep learning models such as transformers, with their self-attention mechanism, have shown potential for various prediction tasks. In this study, we propose the Transformer-XL (Extra Long) model for single-step and multi-step forecasting, trained with field data. We report on models predicting span loss from 15 minutes to 5 days, using window sizes of 15 minutes to 10 days. The single-step model's average Absolute Maximum Error (AME) is better than the naive model by 2.13 dB and outperforms linear regression by 0.05–0.32 dB across different window sizes. Our single-step model also achieves better performance than the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) with an AME improvement of 0.02 dB. The average AME of our multi-step model exceeds the naive model's performance by a range of 2.95-3.05 dB, linear regression by a substantial 0.02-0.15 dB and RNN by a range of 0.04-0.54 dB across different window sizes and forecast horizons. Based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), the single-step model performs better than the naive approach across various window sizes by 0.07 dB, achieves up to 0.07 dB improvement over linear regression, and delivers comparable results to RNN. Moreover, our multi-step model improves upon the naive approach with RMSE by 0.04 dB and RNN by 0.02 across various window sizes and forecast horizons. It also demonstrates a slight improvement over linear regression.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"17 3","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11006412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photonics Breakthroughs 2024: Multidimensional Integrated (de)Multiplexers for Optical Fiber Communications 光子学突破2024：光纤通信的多维集成（de）多路复用器

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570958

Xianyi Feng;Wu Zhou;Hao Chen;Yuzhe Ma;Yeyu Tong

{"title":"Photonics Breakthroughs 2024: Multidimensional Integrated (de)Multiplexers for Optical Fiber Communications","authors":"Xianyi Feng;Wu Zhou;Hao Chen;Yuzhe Ma;Yeyu Tong","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570958","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for higher data transmission capacity, particularly driven by advancements in artificial intelligence and cloud computing, has spurred the exploration of various degrees of freedom (DoF) of light in optical communication systems, including wavelength, polarization, and spatial modes. Consequently, multidimensional optical multiplexing has emerged as a pivotal enabling technology. However, the development of compact, cost-effective, and scalable multidimensional optical interconnects remains a significant challenge. In this work, we present our recently demonstrated ultra-compact multiplexer fabricated on silicon, capable of selectively launching eight spatial and polarization modes into a few-mode optical fiber with a footprint of less than <inline-formula><tex-math>$35times 35$</tex-math></inline-formula> μ<inline-formula><tex-math>$mathrm{m^{2}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. The corresponding peak experimental coupling efficiencies for linearly polarized (LP) modes <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{LP}_{01-x/y}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{LP}_{11a-x/y}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{LP}_{11b-x/y}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{LP}_{21b-x/y}$</tex-math></inline-formula> are −3.8 dB, −5.5 dB, −3.6 dB, and −4.1 dB, respectively. Compared with previous approaches, our device facilitates the selective excitation of different LP modes in an ultra compact manner, while preserving polarization diversity and competitive coupling efficiencies. Additionally, we review recent advancements in multidimensional optical multiplexing based on photonic integrated circuits. We also address the principal challenges associated with our proposed methodologies and discuss future directions, including strategies for enhancement and potential applications.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"17 3","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11006372","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical System Design Method Based on Rotating Risley Prism 基于旋转里斯利棱镜的光学系统设计方法

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570512

Shuaiwei Mu;Shuanglong Tan;Haolin Qi;Han Pei;Lin Ma;Xin Zhang;Hongbo Wu

{"title":"Optical System Design Method Based on Rotating Risley Prism","authors":"Shuaiwei Mu;Shuanglong Tan;Haolin Qi;Han Pei;Lin Ma;Xin Zhang;Hongbo Wu","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570512","url":null,"abstract":"As a type of beam steering element, the Risley prism has found extensive applications in the field of optics. A single Risley prism can deflect incident light beams with a constant deviation angle, while a rotating multi-Risley prism system enables arbitrary beam deflection through relative rotation of multiple prisms. This study proposed the design methodology of optical systems incorporating Risley prisms for imaging applications. To realize a scanning optical system based on rotating Risley prisms, we start with the theoretical model of optical axis deflection induced by Risley prisms, explore the corresponding optical system design approaches, and develop the associated optical configurations. Through the proposed design methodology, we successfully implement a large field-of-view (60°) and broadband scanning optical system operating across visible (400 nm-1000 nm) and mid-infrared (3 μm–5 μm) spectral ranges. This design demonstrates significant potential in applications such as space target detection and infrared countermeasures, substantially expanding the application scope of Risley prisms in optical engineering.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"17 3","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11004835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extension of the CNN-Based Demodulation Method for Image Sensor-Based Visible Light Communication Considering Real Image Parameters 考虑真实图像参数的基于cnn的图像传感器可见光通信解调方法的扩展

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570723

Yuki Iyoda;Kentaro Kobayashi;Chedlia Ben Naila;Hiraku Okada

{"title":"Extension of the CNN-Based Demodulation Method for Image Sensor-Based Visible Light Communication Considering Real Image Parameters","authors":"Yuki Iyoda;Kentaro Kobayashi;Chedlia Ben Naila;Hiraku Okada","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570723","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based demodulation method to enhance the performance of visible light communication (VLC) between digital signage and mobile terminals such as smartphones. Unlike conventional methods, the proposed approach employs a sliding window mechanism to enable flexible demodulation of data signals of arbitrary size by scanning a compact CNN trained to demodulate <inline-formula><tex-math>$3 times 3$</tex-math></inline-formula> data signal cells. The model also incorporates spatial context from surrounding cells to improve robustness against inter-symbol interference. To ensure adaptability to real-world conditions, the CNN is trained using simulated received images that reproduce degradation effects—such as noise, blur, and displacement—extracted from actual captured images. The proposed method is evaluated in an indoor experimental setup using an OLED display and a USB camera, replicating a practical communication scenario between signage and an image sensor. Communication experiments were conducted using 24 monochromatic background colors from the Macbeth Color Chart with varying signal intensities applied to the Cb component in the YCbCr color space. The results show that the proposed method significantly outperforms the conventional threshold-based demodulation approach, particularly under low signal intensity conditions, thereby demonstrating its effectiveness for practical applications.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"17 3","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11005729","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Adaptive Threshold Updating Algorithm for PMT-Based Ultraviolet Communication 基于pmt的紫外通信自适应阈值更新算法

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570394

Jingyang Chen;Yuan Ren;Fei Long;Lingfeng Li;Weijie Liu;Jian Chen;Dezhi Yang;Chen Gong;Zhengyuan Xu

{"title":"An Adaptive Threshold Updating Algorithm for PMT-Based Ultraviolet Communication","authors":"Jingyang Chen;Yuan Ren;Fei Long;Lingfeng Li;Weijie Liu;Jian Chen;Dezhi Yang;Chen Gong;Zhengyuan Xu","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570394","url":null,"abstract":"To address varying environmental conditions, this paper proposes an adaptive threshold updating algorithm for photomultiplier tube (PMT) signals in ultraviolet (UV) communication. The receiver maintains a set of pulse detection thresholds and performs channel estimation for each threshold. Using the channel estimation of both signal and background radiation components, we introduce a method to estimate the bit error rate (BER) corresponding to each threshold. Additionally, an adaptive threshold selection system is developed to dynamically update signal detection in response to changing environments. The accuracy of the optimal detection threshold is experimentally evaluated. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive threshold algorithm is validated through indoor experiments, where trends in channel estimation results, detection thresholds, and frame error rates (FER) are recorded. Moreover, an outdoor experiment is conducted to verify the algorithm's performance under sunlight. The experimental results demonstrate that the adaptive threshold algorithm effectively adjusts the pulse detection threshold based on the current channel state, ensuring robust communication performance in dynamic channel conditions.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"17 3","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11004428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photonics Breakthroughs 2024: Large-Viewing-Angle Light Field 3D Display Based on High-Precision Beam Directionality 光子学突破2024：基于高精度光束方向性的大视角光场3D显示

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3551384

Cheng-Bo Zhao;Yi-Jian Liu;Yuan-Yi Huang;Xiao-Tian Zhang;Yan Xing;Qiong-Hua Wang

{"title":"Photonics Breakthroughs 2024: Large-Viewing-Angle Light Field 3D Display Based on High-Precision Beam Directionality","authors":"Cheng-Bo Zhao;Yi-Jian Liu;Yuan-Yi Huang;Xiao-Tian Zhang;Yan Xing;Qiong-Hua Wang","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3551384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3551384","url":null,"abstract":"Light field 3D display technology provides viewers with a highly realistic stereoscopic visual experience and achieves authentic and comfortable glasses-free 3D display effects. In recent years, it has become a prominent research focus in the field of display technology. However, light field 3D display is still constrained by the challenges of limited viewing angle and resolution, which significantly impede its advancement. This paper presents a large-viewing-angle light field 3D display based on high-precision beam directionality. To enhance the resolution of 3D images within large viewing range, a highly directional light beam with a divergence angle of ±2.7° is achieved by optimizing the display light sources with a compound microlens array. Additionally, a lenticular lens array is employed to reconstruct densely arranged light fields and achieve a large viewing angle. In the experiments, a 100° viewing angle is achieved and it maintains correct geometric occlusion relationships and smooth motion parallax. In addition, the display has a compact architecture and is suitable for the full-color and switchable dynamic light field 3D display with refresh rate of 30 Hz. We expect the proposed display will contribute to the further development of light field 3D displays.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"17 3","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10925629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High Numerical-Aperture Solarization-Resistant Silica-Glass Air-Cladding Fiber Bundle for the Ultraviolet Imaging 用于紫外成像的高数值孔径抗日晒硅玻璃空气包层光纤束

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3570388

Bingsheng Xu;Chaochao Shen;Henan Shen;Yirui Zang;Yanchi Wang;Yan Liu;Xin Lin;Fei Yu

引用次数: 0

Adaptive Beam Steering and Divergence Control for Underwater Optical Wireless Communication Using Reinforcement Learning 基于强化学习的水下无线光通信自适应波束转向与发散控制

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3569824

Takumi Ishida;Chedlia Ben Naila;Hiraku Okada

{"title":"Adaptive Beam Steering and Divergence Control for Underwater Optical Wireless Communication Using Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Takumi Ishida;Chedlia Ben Naila;Hiraku Okada","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3569824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3569824","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) is a promising technology enabling high-speed, low-latency communication for beyond 5G/6G systems. However, UOWC faces significant challenges due to the complex nature of the underwater channel, including absorption, scattering, turbulence, and dynamic sea wave conditions, which complicate static analysis. To address these challenges, we propose a neural network-based beam adaptation technique for UOWC systems, combining deep Q-networks (DQN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) models. These models dynamically optimize beam divergence and steering angles based on the properties of sea waves. Our approach offers a robust solution to maintaining communication quality in diverse and challenging underwater environments. In this work, the turbulence is modeled using the exponential generalized gamma (EGG) distribution, which provides an excellent fit for various types of turbulence. Simulation results show that the proposed LSTM-DQN-based approach consistently outperforms fixed-beam, DQN-only, and heuristic methods in a range of underwater environments. The system successfully compensates for random vessel movements and turbulence-induced intensity fluctuations, ensuring reliable communication. These results highlight the effectiveness of the LSTM-DQN-based method in optimizing beam alignment under various water conditions. Furthermore, a comparison with other machine learning (ML) methods revealed that similar performance can be achieved with those techniques. However, the proposed method demonstrated superior stability. By accounting for variations in vessel size and the movement of the transmitter, we have shown that the proposed method is effective under different environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"17 3","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11003393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Interferometric Open Loop Phase Recovery in a Fiber Optic Gyroscope 光纤陀螺数字干涉开环相位恢复

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3551278

Paul G. Sibley;Justin Wong;Malcolm B. Gray;Jong H. Chow;Chathura P. Bandutunga

引用次数: 0

Generation of Tunable Correlated Frequency Comb via Four-Wave-Mixing in Optical Fibers 光纤中四波混频产生可调谐相关频率梳

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3550712

Aryan Bhardwaj;Debanuj Chatterjee;Ashutosh Kumar Singh;Anil Prabhakar

引用次数: 0