IBRO Neuroscience Reports最新文献

{"title":"Examining the therapeutic potential and side effects of calcium channel blockers in mortality and morbidity of patients with stroke: A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinical studies","authors":"Sevak Hatamian , Asad Abdi , Fatemeh Sadat Seyedi Asl , Armin Tafazolimoghadam , Arian Tavasol , Seyed Ali Mousavi Nejad , Reza Madadi , Zohre Tajabadi , Mina Dehghani , Najmeh Ahmadpoor , Mobina Fathi , Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili , Navid Nooraei","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Blood pressure control is one of the basic steps in preventing stroke and cerebrovascular events. Calcium channel blockers are the first-line drugs in hypertension control. On the other hand, the stroke recovery phase depends on activating calcium channels and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Considering these issues, one of the interdisciplinary challenges of neurology and cardiology is the use of these drugs in hypertensive patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) risk and their uses after these events.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study's primary goal is to evaluate the effects of calcium channel blockers on reducing the risk, mortality, morbidity, and long-term outcomes of cerebrovascular events.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>We conducted this systematic literature review by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Our inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, case-cross-over studies, case reports, and in-vitro and animal studies in which they evaluated the effects of calcium channel blockers on the CVA risk and mortality, morbidity, and long-term outcomes of stroke. Our exclusion criteria were review studies with no adequate data and non-English articles. Articles that met our criteria were included in the initial search. After the title and abstract screening, 56 human and animal studies were selected to be discussed in this article.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 56 selected studies, 33 were human studies, 23 were animal experiments, and one study was carried out both on animals and humans. A total of 1,860,234 patients were enrolled in 24 human studies. A total of 717,131 patients in 22 studies received CCBs. Two studies did not report the number of patients who underwent treatment with CCBs. Among 24 studies, 11 reported favorable outcomes following CCB administration, and two studies reported neuroprotective effects for CCBs without any adverse outcome in stroke patients. Five studies demonstrated that CCBs were associated with adverse outcomes. One study showed favorable and unfavorable outcomes compared to other antihypertensive agents. Stroke was reported in two studies following CCB overdose. Three studies have reported that CCBs had no significant effect on stroke risk, mortality, or long-term outcomes. In animal studies, a total of 813 animals were enrolled in 19 studies. Two studies were in vitro using mammalian cells and enzymes, and one study was ex-vivo. Among 24 studies, 18 (75 %) reported beneficial outcomes following treatment with CCBs, three (12.5 %) revealed both favorable and unfavorable results, two (8.3 %) demonstrated adverse outcomes, and one (4.2 %) showed no effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the evidence from human and animal studies, authors conclude that CCBs are associated with a lower risk of stroke, lower mortality risk, and improved long-term neurological and ","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 222-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging studies on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease","authors":"Weimin Qi ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Niu ,&nbsp;Xiuping Zhan,&nbsp;Yazhou Ren,&nbsp;Jianhang He,&nbsp;Jianxia Li,&nbsp;Xiaolin Hou,&nbsp;Haining Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing arterial spin labeling (ASL), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), and 3D T1-weighted imaging (3DT1WI) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Additionally, it evaluates the relationship between MRI findings and non-motor symptoms associated with PD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ASL, QSM, and 3DT1WI scans were performed on 48 PD patients and 46 healthy controls (HC). We extracted and analyzed differences in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), magnetic susceptibility, and gray matter density parameters between the two groups. These MRI parameters were correlated with clinical scale scores assessing non-motor symptoms, including cognitive function, sleep quality, olfaction, autonomic function, anxiety, depression, and fatigue. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of each imaging modality in distinguishing PD from HC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for rCBF, magnetic susceptibility, and gray matter density were 0.941, 0.979, and 0.624, respectively. In PD patients, a negative correlation was found between Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part II (UPDRS II) scores and rCBF in the bilateral precuneus. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores negatively correlated with rCBF in the left middle temporal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores positively correlated with QSM values in the right supplementary motor area, while scores on the Argentine Smell Identification Test (AHRS) negatively correlated with QSM values in the same area. Disease duration showed a positive correlation with QSM values in the right middle cingulate gyrus. Additionally, PSQI scores positively correlated with QSM values in the left middle cingulate gyrus, and fatigue severity scale (FSS) scores also positively correlated with QSM values in the left middle cingulate gyrus. Gray matter atrophy in the left inferior temporal gyrus was associated with cognitive impairment in PD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Occipital hypoperfusion and cortical atrophy in the left inferior temporal gyrus may serve as novel imaging biomarkers for PD and are associated with sleep disturbances and cognitive impairment in PD patients. Extensive iron deposition in the bilateral cerebral cortex of PD patients may be a contributing factor to non-motor symptoms such as sleep disturbances and fatigue. Multimodal imaging techniques, including ASL, QSM, and 3DT1WI, can enhance the diagnostic accuracy for PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 180-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of left DLPFC anodal and cathodal tDCS interventions on the brain in children with autism: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jiannan Kang ,&nbsp;Juanmei Wu ,&nbsp;Xinping Huang ,&nbsp;Wenqin Mao ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with few effective treatment options. In recent years, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been applied in interventions for ASD, often targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, studies investigating anodal and cathodal tDCS interventions have reported differing outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to compare and analyze the effects of these two stimulations through a randomized controlled trial, utilizing both behavioral assessments and EEG proxy markers capable of characterizing the brain's excitatory-inhibitory balance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study recruited a total of 24 children with ASD (20 males and 4 females; mean age ± SD: 5.5 ± 1.2 years), who were randomly divided into two groups receiving either anodal or cathodal tDCS targeting the DLPFC. The stimulation intensity was set at 1 mA, administered five times per week for a total of 20 sessions. Behavioral intervention outcomes were assessed using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC). Additionally, the study evaluated the effects of tDCS on the brain's excitatory-inhibitory balance by analyzing corrected periodic alpha oscillation power and bandwidth, as well as non-periodic exponent and offset derived from EEG data.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Following anodal tDCS intervention, results from the SRS scale indicated a decrease in overall scores, with significant differences observed in social communication and social motivation among children. On the ABC scale, overall scores also decreased, with significant differences noted in sensory behavior, social relating, body and object use, and language and communication skills. Non-periodic exponent and offsets increased following anodal tDCS stimulation, whereas they decreased after cathodal tDCS stimulation. Regarding alpha oscillation power, there was a significant increase following anodal tDCS and a significant decrease following cathodal tDCS. In terms of alpha oscillation bandwidth, there was a reduction following anodal tDCS and an increase following cathodal tDCS. Further correlation analysis revealed that in children who received anodal tDCS intervention, non-periodic exponent showed correlations with behaviors such as social communication.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Our study results demonstrated that anodal and cathodal tDCS targeting the left DLPFC had distinct effects on the behavior and excitatory-inhibitory balance of children with ASD. Anodal tDCS intervention appeared to have a more positive impact compared to cathodal intervention. However, the sample size was small, and we focused solely on the effects of tDCS, with our experimental design perhaps not being able to generalize to all external manipulations of excitability in our study. In future research, we will continue to improve the ","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 171-179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auditory agnosia for environmental sounds in Alzheimer’s disease: Effects on daily life","authors":"J.A. Coebergh ,&nbsp;S. McDowell ,&nbsp;T.C.A.M. van Woerkom ,&nbsp;J.P. Koopman ,&nbsp;J.L. Mulder ,&nbsp;F.R.E. Smink ,&nbsp;J.D. Blom ,&nbsp;S.F.T.M. de Bruijn","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Auditory agnosia for environmental sounds is a type of agnosia attributed to central auditory dysfunction. It is common in Alzheimer’s disease, and is associated with peripheral hearing loss, although independent of it, and presumed independent of language deficits. The effects of this type of agnosia on daily life in Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to assess the impact of auditory agnosia for environmental sounds in people with Alzheimer’s disease while also exploring the role of unrecognized hearing loss.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We tested 34 home-dwelling people with Alzheimer’s disease and a mean MMSE of 21.9 with the aid of a sound naming and recognition test, the tailor-made EESAA (<em>Experiencing Environmental Sounds in Auditory Agnosia</em>) questionnaire, the ADQRL (<em>Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Quality of Life</em>) scale, and speech and tone audiometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Some 57 % of our 34 participants showed clinical signs of auditory agnosia for environmental sounds, and 47 % had undetected hearing loss to such an extent that it made them eligible for a hearing aid. Although the two factors appear to be independent, their joint effect can impact people’s daily functioning. Nonetheless, we found them to have only little impact on the participants’ quality of life as measured by the ADQRL, possibly because most of them lived in a sheltered environment, and some moreover showed anosognosia for their agnosia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Difficulties recognizing environmental sounds in daily life are very common in people with Alzheimer’s disease. Although we found no direct relation with quality of life as measured by a questionnaire, awareness of auditory agnosia for environmental sounds is still important since it may help explain why function declines. The additional finding that 47 % of people in this group had unrecognized hearing loss shows that self-assessment of hearing is often inaccurate in Alzheimer’s disease, with implications for daily practice where clinicians might only explore hearing loss when acknowledged by their patient. On the basis of our findings we advise further longitudinal, multi-year studies of hearing screening and rehabilitation in Alzheimer’s disease, if possible starting during its prodromal stage, something supported by findings in a large trials suggesting that hearing interventions might be slowing cognitive decline in an older population at risk of this.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of obesity on aging brain and cognitive decline: A cohort study from the UK Biobank","authors":"Panlong Li ,&nbsp;Xirui Zhu ,&nbsp;Chun Huang ,&nbsp;Shan Tian ,&nbsp;Yuna Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Qiao ,&nbsp;Min Liu ,&nbsp;Jingjing Su ,&nbsp;Dandan Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the impact of obesity on brain structure and cognition using large neuroimaging and genetic data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Associations between body mass index (BMI), gray matter volume (GMV), whiter matter hyper-intensities (WMH), and fluid intelligence score (FIS) were estimated in 30283 participants from the UK Biobank. Longitudinal data analysis was conducted. Genome-wide association studies were applied to explore the genetic loci associations among BMI, GMV, WMH, and FIS. Mendelian Randomization analyses were applied to further estimate the effects of obesity on changes in the brain and cognition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The observational analysis revealed that BMI was negatively associated with GMV (r = -0.15, p &lt; 1<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻²⁴) and positively associated with WMH (r = 0.08, p &lt; 1<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻¹⁶). The change in BMI was negatively associated with the change in GMV (r = -0.04, p &lt; 5<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻⁵). Genetic overlap was observed among BMI, GMV, and FIS at SBK1 (rs2726032), SGF29 (rs17707300), TUFM (rs3088215), AKAP6 (rs1051695), IL27 (rs4788084), and SPI1 (rs3740689 and rs935914). The MR analysis provided evidence that higher BMI was associated with lower GMV (β=-1119.12, p = 5.77 ×10⁻⁶), higher WMH (β=42.76, p = 6.37 ×10⁻⁴), and lower FIS (β=-0.081, p = 1.92 ×10⁻²³).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The phenotypic and genetic association between obesity and aging brain and cognitive decline suggested that weight control could be a promising strategy for slowing the aging brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 148-157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined therapy of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells and scalp acupuncture alleviates brain damage in a rat model of cerebral palsy","authors":"Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Xu-Huan Li ,&nbsp;Lu-Na He ,&nbsp;Li-Na Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Zang ,&nbsp;Dong-Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Gao ,&nbsp;Xue-feng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent cause of physical disability in children, often resulting from hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, with current therapies often failing to address the underlying pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effects of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) combined with scalp acupuncture in a rat model of CP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, CP, hAMSCs, and hAMSCs+scalp acupuncture (hAMSCs+AP). The CP model was induced via left common carotid artery ligation. hAMSCs were administered through tail vein injection, followed by scalp acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) and Qubin (GB7) points. Neurobehavioral function was assessed using the Bederson score, and brain tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining, TUNEL staining, and RT-qPCR for apoptosis-related genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The CP group exhibited significant neurobehavioral deficits and increased apoptosis. Both hAMSCs and hAMSCs+AP treatments improved neurobehavioral function and reduced apoptosis. The combination therapy further decreased apoptosis levels, normalized mRNA expression of Bax, Caspase 9, and Caspase 3, and alleviated histological damage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The combination of hAMSCs and scalp acupuncture provides a promising treatment for CP, potentially alleviating brain damage through apoptosis regulation. Further studies are required to elucidate the detailed mechanisms and assess clinical feasibility and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 263-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recanalization of atherosclerotic stenosis and occlusion of intracranial vertebrobasilar artery","authors":"Zhi-Long Zhou,&nbsp;Liang-Fu Zhu,&nbsp;Tian-Xiao Li,&nbsp;Bu-Lang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of posterior circulation ischemic strokes and may result in a high risk of recurrent stroke. Current treatment for vertebrobasilar stenosis comprises aggressive medication and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS). Endarterectomy and intracranial-extracranial bypass surgery may be considered for large artery stenosis in the anterior circulation, but they may be deterred by some technical difficulties and great complication rates in the vertebrobasilar stenoses. PTAS may be good for eliminating the arterial stenosis and preventing recoil of arterial wall after balloon angioplasty alone, however, higher peri-procedural complications and poor follow-up outcomes prevent PTAS as a common treatment strategy. Nonetheless, for selected patients with severe (≥70 %) stenosis and non-acute occlusion of the intracranial vertebrobasilar artery refractory to the best medication, PTAS may be feasible, safe and effective if the treatment approaches and endovascular devices were tailored to the clinic-radiological features of each lesion and patient. Sub-satisfactory stenting recanalization of the stenosis using a balloon &lt; 80 % of the diameter of the nearby normal artery for dilatation of the stenosis and selection of softer and more flexible stents and delivery systems may be advantageous in decreasing the peri-procedural complications. This study reviewed the concept of intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis, available treatment modalities, peri-procedural complications, risk factors for endovascular treatment and prognosis, evidence for sub-satisfactory recanalization of the stenosis, and strategies to improve the peri-procedural complications and prognosis with the hope of improving the treatment outcome of endovascular recanalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 88-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor sleep quality remains a major challenge among tertiary education students in Ghana: A cross-sectional study in a Ghanaian University","authors":"David Larbi Simpong ,&nbsp;Ansumana Bockarie ,&nbsp;Akosua Bema Kumah ,&nbsp;Alex Bismark Atta-Owusu ,&nbsp;Mordecai Eshun ,&nbsp;Bernice Akua Frimpong ,&nbsp;Beatrice Bachella ,&nbsp;George Nkrumah Osei","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sleep plays a crucial role in health, well-being, and academic performance. Despite the recognized importance of good sleep for students, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the sleep problems faced by university students to inform effective campus support services and interventions. This study aimed to evaluate sleep quality among university students by assessing differences in key sleep parameters between sex and age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess sleep quality using the validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index among 295 undergraduate students at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana. Demographic characteristics of age and sex were also collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and cross-tabulations to compare sleep quality scores between sex and age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 295 undergraduate students aged 20–29 years, of which 53.2 % were male. Overall, 48.5 % of participants exhibited poor sleep quality (PSQI &gt;5). The distribution of global PSQI scores varied by age group, with those aged 25, 27, 28, and 29 reporting higher rates of poor sleep quality. Mean scores on global PSQI scores and other components, including sleep duration and habitual sleep efficiency, were highest among those aged 25 years. Female students were more likely to experience poor sleep quality than male students (51.4 % vs. 45.2 %). Key sleep parameters such as sleep latency, disturbances, and daytime dysfunction showed significant associations with increasing age, although the correlations were weak. Global PSQI scores significantly correlated with both age (r = 0.378, p = 0.001) and sex (r = 0.212, p = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among the respondent, with sleep disturbances and duration disproportionately affecting their sleep quality. These findings underscore the need for universities to prioritize promoting healthy sleep habits and addressing diverse sleep component issues within their student populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve injury-induced cellular ecological shifts: Implications for neuroregeneration","authors":"Limao Wu ,&nbsp;Jinglan He ,&nbsp;Na Shen ,&nbsp;Song Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The peripheral nervous system is a complex ecological network, and its injury triggers a series of fine-grained intercellular regulations that play a crucial role in the repair process. The peripheral nervous system is a sophisticated ecological network, and its injury initiates a cascade of intricate intercellular regulatory processes that are instrumental in the repair process. Despite the advent of sophisticated microsurgical techniques, the repair of peripheral nerve injuries frequently proves inadequate, resulting in adverse effects on patients' quality of life. Accordingly, the continued pursuit of more efficacious treatments is of paramount importance. In this paper, a review of the relevant literature from recent years was conducted to identify the key cell types involved after peripheral nerve injury. These included Schwann cells, macrophages, neutrophils, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. The review was conducted in depth. This paper analyses the phenotypic changes of these cells after injury, the relevant factors affecting these changes, and how they coordinate with neurons and other cell types. In addition, it explores the potential mechanisms that mediate the behaviour of these cells. Understanding the interactions between these cells and their mutual regulation with neurons is of great significance for the discovery of new neuroregenerative treatments and the identification of potential therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 120-129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the neurological effects of anethole","authors":"Ramina Khodadadian,&nbsp;Shima Balali- Dehkordi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since ancient times many countries have employed medicinal plants as part of traditional medicine. Anethole is a substance found in various plants and has two isomers, cis-anethole (CA) and trans-anethole (TA). Currently, the food industry extensively use anethole as an aromatic and flavoring component. Extensive scientific research are warranted to provide scientific proof for the usage of anethole, given its widespread use and affordable price. Preclinical studies have suggested several pharmacological effects for anethole including neuroprotective properties. It has been determined that anethole through modulation of monoamines, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions as well as its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress properties affected central nervous system (CNS). In this concept previous studies have demonstrated anxiolytic, antidepressant, antinociceptive, anticonvulsant, and memory improvement effects for anethole. To fully understand its therapeutic potentials, more research are required to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which TA and CA affected CNS. This review summarizes the current knowledge on pharmacological activities of the anethole concentrating its neurological properties, and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Various pharmacological effects which have been reported suggesting that anethole could be considered as a potential agent for management of neurological disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}