IBRO Neuroscience Reports最新文献

{"title":"Trimethylamine-N-oxide damages astrocytes and lymphatic endothelial cells in the cerebral lymphatic system","authors":"Mei-lan Su ,&nbsp;Hai-shui Duan ,&nbsp;Qing-lin Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-man Shi ,&nbsp;Juan Zeng ,&nbsp;Wan-ning Tan ,&nbsp;Yuan Chang ,&nbsp;Song Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), as a gut microbiota dependent metabolite, is involved in the occurrence and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, which are related to the disruption of the cerebral lymphatic system. However, the relationship between TMAO and cerebral lymphatic system remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TMAO on the astrocytes of the brain glymphatic system, and endothelial cells of the meningeal lymphatic vessels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Astrocytes and lymphatic endothelial cells were treated with different concentrations of TMAO. Alterations in cell proliferation or apoptosis, inflammatory cytokines, the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and functional proteins such as aquaporin-4 (AQP4), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S100β, claudin-5, and Ocln were analyzed. C57BL/6 male mice were treated with TMAO after which alpha-synuclein (SNCA) was injected intracranially. Neuronal damage and expressions of above functional proteins in the ventral midbrain, and levels of SNCA and inflammatory factors in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of mice were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TMAO activated the NF-κB signaling pathway, increased nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and ROS levels in astrocytes and lymphatic endothelial cells and promoted their apoptosis; increased the expression of GFAP and S100β, decreased the expression of AQP4 in astrocytes; decreased the expression of claudin-5 and Ocln in lymphatic endothelial cells. However, NF-κ B signaling pathway inhibitor BAY11–7082 improved the above indicators. Animal studies revealed that TMAO induced intracranial inflammation, affected the expression of functional proteins in the cerebral lymphatic system, and intensified SNCA aggregation in the mouse brain.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TMAO can activate the NF-κB signaling pathway and damage the cellular function of brain glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatic vessels, and promote intracranial inflammation and SNCA deposition in mice, which may be a potential mechanism for TMAO involvement in neurodegenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 614-623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from females with multiple sclerosis highlights elevated microglial function and impaired neurogenesis","authors":"Dean Oldham ,&nbsp;Anthony Saviola ,&nbsp;Enrique Alvarez ,&nbsp;Kimberley D. Bruce","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that is characterized by demyelination, inflammation, and neurological damage. MS is the most common neurological disorder of young adults, negatively impacting their quality of life. Recent population-based estimates have determined that the prevalence of MS in the United States is growing and can be up to 3 times higher in females. While the etiology of MS is complex, involving genetics, immune dysregulation, and environmental triggers, the factors elevating MS risk in women are relatively unexplored. Hence, there is a major need for studies that further our understanding of the pathophysiology of MS in women and identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. To this end, we used highly sensitive and untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to identify proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of age-matched females who were either diagnosed with MS or headache (HA). We found that the CSF of female individuals with MS was enriched in proteins involved in macrophage and microglia function yet depleted in proteins involved in neurogenesis and neuronal function. Overall, our findings support recently identified therapeutic targets (e.g., FABP5), as well as highlighting potential targets that may predict or promote MS neuropathogenesis in females (e.g., CD99, APOC3), which should be studied in larger cohorts going forward.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 624-631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential neurophysiological mechanisms of intermittent theta-burst stimulation to the left prefrontal cortex for post-stroke unilateral neglect: An exploratory transcranial magnetic stimulation - electroencephalography study","authors":"Wanying Zhao ,&nbsp;Linlin Ye ,&nbsp;Yichen Zhang ,&nbsp;Weiqun Song ,&nbsp;Huanxin Xie ,&nbsp;Lei Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Unilateral neglect (UN) is a common complication after stroke, with limited effective treatment strategies. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) on the intact dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in UN patients and explores the neurophysiological mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty UN patients were randomly assigned to an iTBS or sham stimulation group, receiving 10 consecutive days of treatment. Clinical assessments and TMS-EEG recordings were performed before and after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients receiving iTBS showed significant improvements in the Line Cancellation Test (p = 0.012). In addition, iTBS led to notable changes in cortical excitability and neural signal propagation. Specifically, the iTBS group exhibited a significant increase in the N100 component (p &lt; 0.001). Time-frequency analysis also revealed a reduction in theta-band power in the affected frontal cortex post-treatment. At the network level, functional connectivity in the iTBS group was significantly enhanced, particularly within interhemispheric frontal and frontoparietal networks during the later stages of the treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>iTBS effectively alleviates UN symptoms by modulating cortical excitability and enhancing functional connectivity, suggesting it as a promising therapeutic intervention for UN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 604-613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of inflammatory indexes combined with myocardial enzymes for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with intracranial aneurysms","authors":"Haihong Zhang ,&nbsp;Siyuan Dong ,&nbsp;Qian Liu PhD ,&nbsp;Hongguang Wang Associated Professor, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic ability of inflammatory indexes alone and in combination with myocardial enzymes in the prediction of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is a 1:1 age- and sex-matched case-control study in Tianjin, China. 226 patients aged &gt; 18 years divided into aSAH group and unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) group. Logistic regression models assessed associations between inflammatory indexes/myocardial enzymes and aSAH. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated their sensitivity/specificity for aSAH.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (OR: 1.130, 95 % CI: 1.074, 1.188), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) (OR: 11.144, 95 % CI: 3.071, 40.437), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (OR: 1.006, 95 % CI: 1.003, 1.008), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) (OR: 1.000, 95 % CI: 1.000, 1.001) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) (OR: 1.228, 95 % CI: 1.112, 1.357), myocardial enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR: 1.008, 95 % CI: 1.003, 1.014), creatine kinase (CK) (OR: 1.002, 95 % CI: 1.000, 1.004), and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) (OR: 1.010, 95 % CI: 1.002, 1.018) were all significantly associated with the presence of aSAH. The diagnostic value of inflammatory indexes (NLR-PLR-MLR-SII-SIRI) and myocardial enzymes (LDH-HBDH-CK-CKMB) gave an AUC of 0.771 and 0.662 (all <em>P</em>-value &lt; 0.001), respectively. Combined use of these indexes achieved an AUC of 0.755 (<em>P</em>-value&lt; 0.001), suggesting potential value as a diagnostic adjunct for aSAH.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results suggest that higher inflammatory indexes and myocardial enzymes were associated with the presence of aSAH. The combination of inflammatory indexes and myocardial enzymes may serve as a diagnostic complement for identifying aSAH in patients with IA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 587-596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights into schizophrenia: ERBB4 and GABRB2 polymorphisms in the Lebanese population","authors":"Jeanne d’arc Bacha ,&nbsp;Nabiha Dannawi ,&nbsp;Dana Yassine ,&nbsp;Chadia Haddad ,&nbsp;Georges Haddad ,&nbsp;Dory Hachem","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The ERBB4 and GABRB2 genes have been given their keen roles in various neurological phenomena, in addition to the involvement of various environmental factors.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To investigate the prevalence of ERBB4 rs839523 C/T and GABRB2 rs1816072 T/C polymorphisms in Lebanese patients with schizophrenia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A questionnaire-based case-control study recruiting 100 participants of matched characteristics was conducted. A Tetra Primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System Polymerase Reaction (T-ARMS PCR) was performed to evaluate the prevalence of the studied polymorphisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no correlations found between schizophrenia and the ERBB4 rs839523C/T polymorphism (p = 0.096 for genotypes and p = 0.113 for alleles) or the GABRB2 rs1816072 T/C polymorphism (p = 1.00 for genotypes and p = 0.15 for alleles) in the Lebanese population. However, the logistic regression model showed that the mutant homozygous (TT) genotype of the SNP rs839523 in ERBB4 tended to be significant (p = 0.063) with the schizophrenia status. When considering alleles individually, the logistic regression did not reveal any significant associations; however, the C allele of ERBB4 rs839523 showed a trend toward significance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings revealed that the mutant homozygous (TT) genotype of the SNP rs839523 in ERBB4 showed a trend toward significance. These findings suggest a potential role for ERBB4 genetic variation in schizophrenia susceptibility, warranting further investigation in larger cohorts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 597-603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of action observation training on hand function, upper extremity strength and fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis","authors":"Fatemeh Savaedi ,&nbsp;Omid Anbiyaee ,&nbsp;Akram Ansari ,&nbsp;Fatemeh chichagi ,&nbsp;Nazanin Moeini ,&nbsp;Eftekhar Azarm ,&nbsp;Mahsa Fadavighaffari ,&nbsp;Sara Khosravi ,&nbsp;Meimanat Akbari","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects the central nervous system, frequently resulting in upper limb impairment, which considerably affects activities of daily living and quality of life. Action Observation Training (AOT) is a novel neurorehabilitation method that utilizes the mirror neuron system to improve motor performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of AOT in improving hand function, grip strength, and reducing fatigue in individuals with MS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A non-randomized, single-blind clinical experiment was conducted involving 30 multiple sclerosis patients, who were allocated to either an intervention group (AOT in conjunction with standard physical therapy) or a control group (standard physical therapy alone). The primary outcome was evaluated utilizing the Arm Function in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire (AMSQ). Secondary objectives included grip and pinch strength (assessed by dynamometry) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Evaluations were conducted at baseline and following four weeks of intervention. Data were evaluated utilizing Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) with significance established at p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in AMSQ scores (adjusted mean difference = −29.5, ± 4.5 SE, p &lt; 0.05), power grip strength (MD = 10.54, ± 3.20 SE, p = 0.003 for the affected hand), pinch strength (MD = 1.46, ± 0.45 SE, p = 0.003 for the affected hand), and fatigue (MD = −9.60, ± 4.13 SE, p = 0.028), compared to the control group. These findings suggest that AOT is an effective intervention for improving upper limb function and reducing fatigue in individuals with MS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AOT significantly improves hand function, grip strength, and fatigue levels in individuals with MS, suggesting its potential as an effective rehabilitation tool. Future investigations should examine the enduring advantages of AOT and its amalgamation with alternative neurorehabilitation methodologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 580-586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroscience in Asia-Pacific : Horizons and Innovations","authors":"Wael Mohamed,&nbsp;Toshihide Yamashita,&nbsp;Rajat Sandhir,&nbsp;Roongroj Bhidayasiri","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 578-579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical somatosensory responses evoked by orofacial skin stretch experimentally applied during speech movement planning in stuttering and nonstuttering adults","authors":"Elise LeBovidge ,&nbsp;Takayuki Ito ,&nbsp;Ludo Max","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior findings indicate that individuals who stutter do not show the typical modulation of auditory processing that is observed during speech movement planning in nonstuttering speakers. We now ask whether this lack of planning-related sensory modulation in stuttering adults is specific to the auditory domain. In this first <em>somatosensory</em> study (15 stuttering and 15 nonstuttering participants), we implemented the prior stimulation timeline in a paradigm with orofacial skin stretch stimuli. A robotic device applied skin stretches to elicit somatosensory evoked potentials during speech movement planning and a silent reading control condition. We compared the N1 component for <em>Speaking</em> and <em>No-Speaking</em> to assess a possible influence of movement planning on somatosensory processing. Both groups showed clear N1 responses, consistent with prior validation of the skin stretch stimulation. However, for the selected timepoint of stimulation (i.e., identical to our auditory stimulation studies) we found no evidence of pre-speech somatosensory modulation in either group. There were no amplitude or latency differences between speaking and control conditions and no between-group differences. Given that even typical participants showed no modulation at the probed times during movement planning, whereas some studies have obtained evidence supporting somatosensory modulation for orofacial movements during speech movement execution, (a) the time course of modulation may differ from that observed for auditory stimuli, or (b) input from the specific facial mechanoreceptors stimulated here may be not subject to pre-speech modulation. Future studies should probe somatosensation at different timepoints before and after speech movement onset and in effectors actively performing the articulatory gestures (lip, tongue).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 568-577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Striatal metabolomic alterations in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease: A comprehensive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis","authors":"Zhiqiang Wu ,&nbsp;Jing Dai ,&nbsp;Bo Lv,&nbsp;Cunjin Su,&nbsp;Delai Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized pathologically by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to a significant decline in striatal dopamine levels. This study aims to systematically analyze alterations in striatal metabolites across different stages of PD to identify potential biomarkers, elucidate pathological mechanisms, and explore therapeutic targets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 72 mice were divided into six groups, including one control group and five PD model groups (W1–W5, representing distinct stages based on the duration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/probenecid induction). Striatal tissues were comprehensively collected, and small-molecule metabolites were detected using metabolomics techniques. Potential differential metabolite biomarkers were screened through variable importance in projection values from orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and coefficient values from LASSO ordinal logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirteen potential differential metabolites were identified, including Ergocalciferol, Glutaric acid, Etilefrine, and Guanine, among others. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that purine metabolism emerged as the most significantly perturbed pathway. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the biomarker panel composed of these 13 metabolites effectively distinguished different stages of PD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The striatum exhibits distinct metabolic profiles at different stages of PD, with purine metabolism showing the most pronounced alterations. The characteristic metabolites and metabolic pathways identified in this study contribute to elucidating the pathophysiological features of PD and may guide precision therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 562-567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the potential benefits of statins in medulloblastoma treatment: A promising therapeutic approach","authors":"Amir Modarresi Chahardehi ,&nbsp;Aida Naseri ,&nbsp;Esfandiar Mali ,&nbsp;Leili Ziaei ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Moradi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Teimourpour ,&nbsp;Leila Tajik ,&nbsp;Hossein Motedayyen ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saeed Soleimani Meigoli ,&nbsp;Reza Nasiri ,&nbsp;Reza Arefnezhad ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medulloblastoma (MB) is the predominant malignant brain tumor in children, known for its tendency to spread and reoccur. Although current treatment methods, which include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, are used in combination, the chances of survival are not as great as desired, especially for individuals at high risk. Moreover, traditional treatments are linked to significant and lasting neurocognitive and endocrine adverse reactions, highlighting the necessity for more efficient and less harmful treatment approaches. Statins, which are commonly used drugs for reducing cholesterol levels, have received much interest because of their pleiotropic effects, which may include possible anticancer qualities. Preclinical investigations have shown that statins can hinder the growth and multiplication of MB cells by targeting the mevalonate system, triggering apoptosis, and regulating cellular signaling pathways related to carcinogenesis. Statins have demonstrated potential in specifically targeting the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) subgroup of MB, characterized by abnormal activation of the Hedgehog signaling system. Moreover, recent evidence indicates that statins with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs or targeted therapies can enhance their anticancer effects and overcome resistance mechanisms. This study thoroughly debates the possible advantages of statins in treating MB, including their mechanisms of action and the implications for future therapeutic approaches. This review examines the impact of statins on tumor growth, apoptosis induction, chemosensitivity enhancement, and tumor recurrence reduction. It emphasizes the potential of repurposing these well-established medications for treating this severe pediatric cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 532-542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}