{"title":"Guest Editorial: Introduction to the Special Issue on Underwater Communications and Networking 2021 (UComms21)","authors":"João Alves;Fraser Dalgleish;Paul van Walree","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2025.3540313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2025.3540313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 2","pages":"423-424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10969852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Excellence in Review 2024","authors":"Karl von Ellenrieder","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2025.3540314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2025.3540314","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 2","pages":"622-625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10969974","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olga Sambataro;Riccardo Costanzi;Joao Alves;Andrea Caiti;Pietro Paglierani;Roberto Petroccia;Andrea Munafò
{"title":"Current Trends and Advances in Quantum Navigation for Maritime Applications: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Olga Sambataro;Riccardo Costanzi;Joao Alves;Andrea Caiti;Pietro Paglierani;Roberto Petroccia;Andrea Munafò","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2025.3538941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2025.3538941","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the current state of the art in quantum navigation systems, with a specific focus on their application in maritime navigation. Quantum technologies have the potential to revolutionize navigation and positioning systems due to their ability to provide highly accurate and secure information. The review covers the principles of quantum navigation and highlights the latest developments in quantum-enhanced sensors, atomic clocks, and quantum communication protocols. In this article, we also discuss the challenges and opportunities of using quantum technologies in maritime navigation, including the effects that the maritime environment and the specificity of marine applications can have on the performance of quantum sensors. Finally, this article concludes with a discussion on the future of quantum navigation systems and their potential impact on the maritime industry. This review aims at providing a valuable resource for researchers and engineers interested in the development and deployment of quantum navigation systems.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"2101-2134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Development of a Low-Cost Floater for Sustainable Fishing","authors":"Anja Babić;Martin Oreč;Nikola Mišković;Shlomi Dahan;Marijan Vonić;Iwan Sidaropoulos;Neven Cukrov;Roee Diamant","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2025.3538944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2025.3538944","url":null,"abstract":"While it is widely recognized that fish are an ecologically and commercially important group, our current knowledge of fish occurrence, composition (diversity), abundance and behavior (e.g., migration) is limited to anecdotal sightings and reports, often from laypersons. In situ marine monitoring bridges this gap and allows us to track and monitor marine life. One such system is the SOUND system: a swarm of low-cost Lagrangian floats that can noninvasively support aquaculture and fisheries, especially in remote areas and developing countries. The swarm of floats works together in a group and uses underwater acoustic communication. It provides long-term data on the fish population, which can shed light on the interdependencies of spatially segmented ecosystems, the top-down regulation of bio-geophysical processes and the sensitivity of the environment to anthropogenic stress factors. SOUND Floater consists of a piston-based buoy control system, an active sonar system with on-board analysis and a satellite communication module. It is capable of probing the water to a depth of 50 m while maintaining position with an accuracy of <inline-formula><tex-math>$< $</tex-math></inline-formula>10 cm, detecting schools of fish from a distance of 500 m and operating for five consecutive days. In this technical communication article we present the detailed design of the SOUND prototype, including its mechanical, electrical, and algorithmic parts. We report on results from laboratory pool and from two sea trials.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"2209-2221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romolo Di Bernardo;Antonio Gloria;Stefano Papa;Domenico Speranza
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Reverse Engineering Approaches Toward the Design and Analysis of 2-D High-Speed Hydrofoils","authors":"Romolo Di Bernardo;Antonio Gloria;Stefano Papa;Domenico Speranza","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2024.3525190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2024.3525190","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, maritime industries have focused their attention on hydrofoils as one of the main technologies for the development of eco-sustainable solutions in the field of boating. The aim of the current research was to analyze the front wing of a <italic>Kohlkida</i> class hydrofoil and to describe the methodology employed for the reconstruction of the 2-D airfoils by means of photogrammetry. Considering the limitations of the photogrammetry methods, some sections were extracted from the model. The airfoils were properly scaled and first compared with the model obtained by means of a laser scanner. Under the operating condition of the hydrofoil and with the use of Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations, the behavior of the airfoils was simulated, allowing us to verify how the geometric differences due to the photogrammetry approach affect the fluid dynamics, in comparison to the model obtained from laser scanning. The proposed methodology led to a geometry reconstruction with adequate accuracy for the identification of both the characteristic curves for the lift and drag coefficients with a maximum error of 6% in the angle-of-attack range investigated in the study, also highlighting fluid dynamics problems that characterize this type of airfoils with a flat bottom and a knife-sharp leading edge.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"1993-2004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Underwater Backscatter Networking for Subsea IoT: A Link-Budget Analysis in Practical Ocean Channels","authors":"Waleed Akbar;Ahmed Allam;Fadel Adib","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2025.3538946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2025.3538946","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater backscatter is an emerging technology for ultra-low-power communication and networking. Unlike traditional underwater acoustical modems, which communicate by generating their own acoustical signals, underwater backscatter nodes communicate by reflecting external acoustical signals, enabling them to operate at 5–6 orders of magnitude less power than existing low-power modems. Yet, before the practical adoption of this technology, it remains necessary to understand its link budget in practical ocean channels. In this article, we perform a comprehensive investigation of the underwater backscatter link budget in practical channels considering various sources of signal and noise that are unique to backscatter communication systems. We develop a closed-form end-to-end link-budget model of underwater backscatter and perform experimental validations in real-world environments. For the first time, we experimentally verify the end-to-end analytical model of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a function of distance and source level. Not only does this model enable us to predict the expected SNR within a median of 0.75 dB of the experimentally measured one, but also to identify new methods that improve the performance of underwater backscatter and extend its range over state-of-the-art past work. We then use this validated model to simulate backscatter performance under practical ocean channels and understand the impact of system and environmental parameters on the end-to-end performance. By developing and validating the link budget model, this article paves the way for the practical adoption of underwater backscatter in applications of ocean climate change monitoring, scientific studies, and coastal resilience.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"1703-1717"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Pozzebon;Gabriele Di Renzone;Duccio Bertoni;Giovanni Sarti;Gabor Domokos;Chiara Favaretto
{"title":"A Technique for the Study of the Volume and Textural Parameter Evolution of Marine Coarse Sediments","authors":"Alessandro Pozzebon;Gabriele Di Renzone;Duccio Bertoni;Giovanni Sarti;Gabor Domokos;Chiara Favaretto","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2025.3553255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2025.3553255","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we detail a novel technique for measuring volume and textural parameters of coarse-grained marine sediments. The technique combines radio frequency identification (RFID) technology for sediment tracking with 3-D scanning for volume measurement. The technique is applied to real marine sediments collected from the beach under study. In the preliminary phase, the sediments are scanned using a low-cost 3-D scanning system and then fitted with an embedded RFID transponder, which allows their unambiguous identification. The pebbles are then deployed on the beach and, after a predefined period of time, they are located and retrieved by means of an ad-hoc RFID reader used as a detector. After retrieval, the pebbles are 3-D scanned to collect data on the volumetric changes that result from the abrasion and chipping processes caused by intergranular friction on their surfaces from water movements (mostly sea waves). The technique allows for an accurate estimation of morphological variations of sediments, thereby providing essential insights into sediment stability and, on a broader scale, coastal erosive processes. Moreover, it allows the study of the evolution of a number of textural parameters, such as sphericity or angularity, which can be extracted from the 3-D model.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 2","pages":"608-621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruiwen Zhao;Ye Li;Angus C. W. Creech;Alistair G. L. Borthwick;Stephen H. Salter;Vengatesan Venugopal;Fang Chen
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Large-Scale Contra-Rotating Offshore Vertical-Axis Turbines","authors":"Ruiwen Zhao;Ye Li;Angus C. W. Creech;Alistair G. L. Borthwick;Stephen H. Salter;Vengatesan Venugopal;Fang Chen","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2024.3474738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2024.3474738","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we describe numerical simulations of an innovative design of close-packed contra-rotating vertical-axis turbines (VATs), which enable assessment of power performance, vorticity distribution, and wake deficit. The design comprises a large diameter rotor without traditional supporting arms, stable in pitch and roll. Close-packing reduces leakage between rotors and yields a high blockage fraction, which significantly enhances the performance of offshore wind and tidal VATs. Rotor rings that support blades at both ends help reduce bending moments, and ease the task of the bearings required to achieve variable-pitch. The contra-rotation concept is based on two opposite-signed vortices cancelling each other out and conditions the flow though the turbine, lowering turbulent kinetic energy in the wake. Flow downstream of the turbines then experiences less stream-wise variation, reducing mixing losses thus enhancing energy extraction. Two types of VATs are considered. The first derives from experimental two-bladed H-type wind turbines, whereby the VATs comprise four close-packed contra-rotating wind turbines. The second is based on a 1:6 scale UNH-RM2 VAT that is extended to an array of ten closely packed 36-bladed hydrokinetic turbines positioned in two rows. It is found that high blockage, contra-rotating, vertical-axis rotors could facilitate higher potential power generation and appear to be a promising near-term technology for sustainable energy. The findings should prove useful in future assessments of the commercial feasibility of multiple cross-flow turbine configurations for both offshore wind and tidal stream power generation.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"2182-2199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yajing Gu;Yonggang Lin;Danyang Li;Xinliang Lu;Hongwei Liu;Yong Sun
{"title":"An Integrated Piston-Variable Digital-Controlled Hydraulic Cylinder for Pendulum Wave Energy Converter","authors":"Yajing Gu;Yonggang Lin;Danyang Li;Xinliang Lu;Hongwei Liu;Yong Sun","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2025.3531959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2025.3531959","url":null,"abstract":"A pendulum wave energy converter (WEC) is one of the most important forms of wave energy harvesting devices. To obtain better performance under broader wave conditions, this article proposes an integrated piston-variable digital-controlled hydraulic cylinder (IPDC). A traditionally used single large cylinder is replaced by several pairs of subsidiary cylinders to compose a more compact and extendable integrated type. The working area of the IPDC can be regulated in real time using high-speed <sc>on–off</small> valves to change power take-off (PTO) damping and achieve maximum energy extraction in the pendulum WEC. In performance experiments, the average mechanical efficiency is around 95% for all area combinations, and the leakage is relatively lower. The results indicate that the IPDC has a lower extra energy loss compared with a conventional single hydraulic cylinder. Based on the theoretical analysis for maximum power extraction, AMESim–Simulink co-simulation and prototype experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the IPDC. The IPDC can significantly improve the total captured energy by 37.04% compared with the fixed area cylinder in the experiment. The results illustrate that the IPDC exhibits excellent harvesting performance by effectively changing the connected area to impose compatible PTO resistance under broader wave conditions.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"2135-2145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas Harmon;Mohammad Belal;Maria-Daphne Mangriotis;Carl Spingys;Catherine A. Rychert
{"title":"Distributed Acoustic Sensing Along a Shallow Water Energy Cable","authors":"Nicholas Harmon;Mohammad Belal;Maria-Daphne Mangriotis;Carl Spingys;Catherine A. Rychert","doi":"10.1109/JOE.2024.3523363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOE.2024.3523363","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) provides a means of measuring dynamic changes in strain along a fiber-optic cable and has many potential applications for monitoring infrastructure, earthquake early warning, and hazard assessment. Previous work has focused on submarine telecommunications cables, which contain only fiber-optic cables. Here, we focus on the use of energy cables, which transmit electricity from offshore generators powered by tides or wind and contain fiber-optic cables for communications with the generators. Specifically, we focus on the European Marine Energy Center in Orkney, Eday, U.K., a tidal power station. Energy cables fluctuate in temperature due to energy transmission, and there is strong wave action and tidal flows, which all generate noise for DAS. We show that noise levels vary along the cable during a time with no energy transmission, but many phenomena reported on telecommunication cables are still observable, including ocean waves and nearby small vessels. The character of the small vessel signals in frequency band energy plots varies along the cable length, in some areas exhibiting multiple frequency band energy peaks. This variation is diagnostic of the burial state of the cable. Knowing the burial state of energy cables is important for understanding the mechanical protection of the system for minimizing thermal interactions with the surrounding environments and ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":13191,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","volume":"50 3","pages":"1772-1781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}