Hydrological Processes最新文献

{"title":"Groundwater Flow System and Hydrogeochemical Evolution in Central Mexico's Major Lakes","authors":"Olea-Olea Selene,&nbsp;Sánchez-Murillo Ricardo,&nbsp;Ramírez-González Lorena,&nbsp;Morales-Casique Eric,&nbsp;Zamora-Martínez Olivia,&nbsp;Tadeo-Leon Javier,&nbsp;Mora-Palomino Lucy,&nbsp;Ramírez-Serrato Nelly,&nbsp;Valera Fernández Daisy,&nbsp;Torres-Rodríguez Esperanza,&nbsp;Medina-Ortega Priscila,&nbsp;Armas-Vargas Felipe","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the groundwater dynamics within the Cuitzeo groundwater flow system, an area encompassing central Mexico's second and third largest lakes. We combined water level observations, structural geology, hydrogeochemical data, stable isotopes, with statistical analysis and mixing models to investigate groundwater flow dynamics and geochemical evolution in the system. Three distinct groundwater flow trajectory groups were identified: Local, Intermediate and Regional, each exhibiting unique hydrogeochemical characteristics. Local flow paths were characterised by recent recharge and limited geochemical alteration. Intermediate flow trajectories showed evidence of more evolved waters, often associated with faults and intensive groundwater extraction zones. Regional flows, linked to fault zones along the shoreline of Lake Cuitzeo, displayed higher contents of major ions, dissolved Sr²⁺, Li⁺ and higher water temperatures. The lakes reflected discharge from different groundwater sources. Lake Pátzcuaro is predominantly fed by local recharge, while Lake Cuitzeo receives a more complex mix of flow paths. Intensive groundwater extraction, especially during the dry season for avocado plantations, has significantly disrupted natural flow regimes and lowered groundwater and lake levels. Our findings highlight the importance of integrated water resource management that accounts for interactions between local, intermediate and regional groundwater flow systems. Our results are especially relevant for lake basins fed by groundwater, where informed management strategies are essential considering increasing water demand scenarios. Additionally, this study draws international attention to the environmental impacts of high-value crops like avocado farming on groundwater in arid and semi-arid peri-urban regions across the Americas.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Hydraulic Engineering on Wetland Flood Inundation and Management Implications","authors":"Weize Wang,&nbsp;Yuxiang Chang,&nbsp;Zefan Yang,&nbsp;Peng Hu,&nbsp;Jianhua Wang,&nbsp;Dandong Cheng,&nbsp;Jiwei Zhu,&nbsp;Sheng Zhou","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70253","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wetlands provide numerous ecosystem services and are important habitats for rare species. Flood inundation promotes material and energy cycling in wetlands, which is crucial for maintaining wetland ecosystem health. Hydraulic engineering construction and regulation disrupt the natural hydraulic connection between rivers and wetlands, reshaping flood propagation pathways and inundation patterns. In this study, coupled hydrological and hydraulic models were used to simulate flood inundation processes under natural and regulated conditions for wet, normal, and dry years. The results indicated that hydraulic engineering regulation reduced the total inundation area in wet years by 7.12% while slightly increasing the perennial inundation area in normal and dry years by 2.80% and 2.20%, respectively. Hydraulic engineering leads to the development of persistent flow paths that remain inundated during dry periods, whereas peripheral areas experience diminished flood frequency, weakening lateral hydrological connectivity, thus limiting the ecological benefits of floods. The drought-prone areas resulting from hydraulic engineering construction and regulation are key targets for wetland management. These findings enhance the understanding of hydraulic engineering in reshaping wetland hydrological processes and provide guidance for wetland management and conservation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slope-Scale Spatial Variability of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Its Drivers in the Alpine Meadows of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Yue Sun,&nbsp;Tianxu Mao,&nbsp;Dan Tu,&nbsp;Shuang Wang,&nbsp;Zhengui Han,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Genxu Wang","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The spatial distribution of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is controlled by soil processes at multiple scales, and this spatial variability is crucial to simulating soil moisture movement. Nevertheless, few studies focus on the spatial variability of Ks and how changes through alpine meadow degradation or the specific scales at which the controlling factors function. This study therefore examines the scale-dependent relationships between Ks and several primary driving factors. Soil samples were collected at an interval of 3 m along three transects on a slope in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and Ks, bulk density (BD), above-ground biomass (AGB), soil organic carbon content (SOC), sand content (SAND), silt content (SILT) and clay content (CLAY) were analysed. Ks showed strong spatial dependency and irregular distribution due to alpine meadow degradation. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between BD, AGB and Ks (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, cross-semivariograms showed that Ks exhibited strong spatial correlation with AGB and SAND. Using the state space method, we determined that BD, SOC, AGB and CLAY are the main factors that control the spatial distribution of Ks on the slope. A two-factor state-space equation based on CLAY and BD provides a good representation of Ks, enabling the prediction and estimation of Ks distribution characteristics. These findings enhance our understanding of the crucial parameters that govern hydrological processes at the slope-scale of alpine grassland on the QTP, thereby helping to elucidate permafrost-related hydrological processes related to climate change.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Climate Change on Crops: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Jiaqi Xu,&nbsp;Jianing Chang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Liu,&nbsp;Lifeng Guo,&nbsp;Guoming Du,&nbsp;Guofeng Guan","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change presents profound and growing challenges to global agriculture, primarily by altering temperature regimes, precipitation patterns, and the frequency of extreme weather events. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current research on the impacts of climate change on crop production. It begins by examining recent global climate trends and their implications for agricultural systems, followed by an in-depth analysis of how climate change affects crop yield and cropping structure. Particular attention is given to China, where the structural adjustment of major grain crops under changing climate conditions is critically evaluated. The review further explores optimisation strategies for cropping systems, highlighting both agronomic and modelling approaches. In addition, emerging technologies and climate-smart agricultural practices are assessed for their potential to mitigate adverse effects and enhance resilience. By identifying key knowledge gaps—such as the need for region-specific adaptation strategies, improved integration of socio-economic factors, and the validation of crop models—this review offers new insights to support sustainable agricultural development and inform future research in climate-resilient farming.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Seasonal Temperature Fluctuations on Tidally Influenced Coastal Unconfined Aquifers","authors":"Li Pu,&nbsp;Xiayang Yu,&nbsp;Leihua Zhao,&nbsp;D. A. Barry,&nbsp;Pei Xin","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Land surface and seawater temperatures fluctuate seasonally. However, their impacts on salinity distribution and water exchange in tidally influenced unconfined aquifers remain unclear. This study examines these impacts based on two-dimensional numerical simulations. Fluctuations in either land surface temperature or seawater temperature induce contraction and expansion of the upper saline plume (USP), as well as seasonal variations in the submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). For SGD, the fluctuation range can reach 20% of the annual mean when fluctuation amplitudes of land surface temperature and seawater temperature are 15°C. On the other hand, fluctuating temperatures do not change the yearly averaged results. Fluctuations in seawater temperature can induce greater variations in USP and SGD than land surface temperature fluctuations. The response of SGD to fluctuating temperature is rapid, with a maximum lag time of less than 1 month. Sensitivity analysis shows that increases in either the temperature fluctuation amplitude or heat advection in the intertidal zone enhance the seasonal effects. These results highlight the impacts of temperature variations on flow and salinity patterns in coastal unconfined aquifers, offering insights into the physical and biogeochemical processes in coastal zones.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144915174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Spatial Heterogeneity on Residual Saltwater Removal Upstream of Subsurface Dams in Coastal Aquifers","authors":"Jun Wang,&nbsp;Jun Kong,&nbsp;Chao Gao","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70222","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Although subsurface dams can effectively control seawater intrusion, the trapped saltwater behind the dam significantly impedes groundwater resource utilisation. Previous studies have largely neglected the impact of spatial heterogeneity on residual saltwater desalination processes. To address this research gap, this study provides the first field-scale simulation of how spatial heterogeneity and connectivity features influence the mechanism and timescale of residual saltwater removal. The results show that under certain conditions, &lt;i&gt;Tr&lt;/i&gt; (timescale of residual saltwater removal) in heterogeneous aquifers varies by approximately −69% to 145% relative to &lt;i&gt;Tr&lt;/i&gt; in homogeneous aquifers. Although spatial heterogeneity and connectivity features significantly change the time-varying course of residual saltwater removal rate, they do not alter the mechanism of residual saltwater removal. Additionally, in homogeneous scenarios, &lt;i&gt;Tr&lt;/i&gt; increases with the increase of dam height or decrease of dam distance from the sea boundary (dam location). In heterogeneous aquifers, &lt;i&gt;Tr&lt;/i&gt; maintains a significant positive correlation with dam height under isotropic conditions; however, this relationship does not necessarily hold under anisotropic conditions. Regardless of heterogeneity types, there is no significant relationship between &lt;i&gt;Tr&lt;/i&gt; and dam location. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate a non-monotonic relationship between &lt;i&gt;Tr&lt;/i&gt; and three key heterogeneity parameters: (i) the variance of logarithmic hydraulic conductivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Y&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {sigma}_Y^2 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;), (ii) vertical correlation length (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Y&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;υ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {delta}_Y^{upsilon } $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;), and (iii) anisotropy ratio (&lt;i&gt;anis&lt;/i&gt;). Further analysis shows that, in general, &lt;i&gt;Tr&lt;/i&gt; is more sensitive to &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Y&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {sigma}_Y^2 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Y&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;υ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;ann","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Framework for Evaluating Irrigation Impact on Water Balance and Crop Yield Under Different Soil Moisture Conditions","authors":"Sophia A. Zamaria,&nbsp;George B. Arhonditsis","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In agricultural regions, irrigation is a fundamental component of the hydrological cycle that is essential to maintain crop yields but also exerts pressure on water resources. Various irrigation practices and schedules are typically implemented within a watershed, and each may have profound implications for the water balance and plant productivity. However, there is a major paucity of irrigation taking and application data on a fine-grained spatio-temporal scale, which poses challenges for water resource managers to assess the impact of irrigation practices under different moisture conditions. Here, we present a novel framework to evaluate the influence of different irrigation practices on a Lake Erie Basin watershed through a suite of irrigation scheduling models (ISMs) that can be implemented into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. We also provide a simple modification to SWAT's AUTOIRR function that bypasses known bugs and enables reliable representation of irrigation. This framework can be easily modified and extrapolated to other watersheds with diverse climates, crop rotations and environmental conditions. We found that a range of ISMs with varying irrigation methods (i.e., drip irrigation vs. sprinkler and surface irrigation), irrigation scheduling (i.e., continuous vs. event-based), irrigation trigger mechanism (i.e., soil moisture threshold vs. no threshold) and water use efficiencies consistently resulted in improved corn and soybean yields, enhanced evapotranspiration and reduced flow discharge. In contrast, the same ISMs result in significant declining trends of evapotranspiration, soil water content, water yield and baseflow when we emulate conditions of prolonged droughts, which suggest that the benefits from irrigation are unsustainable regardless of the water use efficiency. Our study highlights the need for fine-grained monitored irrigation, evapotranspiration and soil moisture content data to more accurately assess the influence of irrigation on watershed hydrology. Importantly, we stress the need to develop adaptive water resource management practices to maintain crop yields and water stores under a changing climate in the Great Lakes Basin and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Dependent Water-Use Strategies in Amygdalus Pedunculata Pall. Plantations: Implications for Sustainable Afforestation in Desert Ecosystems","authors":"Ziwei Wang,&nbsp;Laiming Huang,&nbsp;Yanwu Pei,&nbsp;Ming'an Shao","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70251","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Amygdalus pedunculata</i> Pall. (<i>A. pedunculata</i>) plantations play a critical role in combating desertification and mitigating soil erosion in arid and semi-arid regions. However, the ontogenetic shifts in water-use strategies of <i>A. pedunculata</i> and the influence of soil water content (SWC) and root distribution on water uptake remain poorly characterised, limiting targeted management strategies. Here, we integrated stable isotope (δ²H and δ¹⁸O) weighted by SWC and root weight density with the MixSIAR model to quantify seasonal water sources for 6-, 10- and 18-yr-old <i>A. pedunculata</i> in artificial sand-fixing plantations during three consecutive growing seasons (2019–2021). Results revealed distinct ontogenetic and seasonal shifts: 6-yr-old <i>A. pedunculata</i> relied predominantly on shallow soil water (0–90 cm; 58.90% ± 1.60%) year-round. In contrast, 10- and 18-year-old trees extracted water primarily from deeper soil layers (90–350 cm and 60–200 cm, respectively) during dry seasons, contributing 55.85% ± 6.03% and 57.11% ± 1.07% of total uptake; during rainy seasons, however, the main water sources for older trees were the shallower layers (0–250 cm for 10-year-old: 70.85% ± 6.86%; 0–120 cm for 18-year-old: 64.50% ± 8.91%). The proportion of groundwater contribution to older trees increased significantly during the dry season compared to the rainy season (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The variation in water use patterns of <i>A. pedunculata</i> was associated with vertical root distributions, plant water requirements and seasonal variability in soil water availability. Notably, the weighted contribution demonstrated that unweighted approaches underestimated contributions from moist soil layers and groundwater by 6.23% ± 0.56% (dry season) and 3.45% ± 0.92% (rainy season), highlighting the necessity of incorporating SWC dynamics and root distribution for accurate water source apportionment. These findings underscore the age-related differences in water uptake patterns of <i>A. pedunculata</i> and emphasise the need for age-specific afforestation strategies to optimise water resource allocation and ensure long-term sustainability of vegetation restoration in water-limited desert ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144881198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Year Evapotranspiration and Energy Dynamics of a Reclaimed Fen in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region","authors":"Daniel Amaro Medina,&nbsp;M. Graham Clark,&nbsp;Sean K. Carey","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70247","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Surface mining in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) of western Canada disrupts natural landscapes and permanently alters their hydrological functions. Wetlands cover ~55% of the region, primarily fen peatlands, and although provincial regulations require companies to restore disturbed ecosystems to a functional state, fens remain difficult to construct due to their complex hydrology and dependence on water exchange with surrounding uplands. Evapotranspiration (ET), a key component of the water balance, is particularly important in the sub-humid AOSR, where increasing reclamation activity demands accurate quantification of vertical water loss, as it influences ecohydrological feedbacks and long-term wetland sustainability. This study evaluates ET and energy dynamics in a constructed fen, built atop ~80 m deposit of composite tailings and capped with 10 m of tailings sand, using eddy covariance (EC) measurements and vegetation surveys conducted across five non-consecutive years between 2015 and 2023. Mean ET from April 1 to October 31 was 250 ± 49.9 mm, aligning with values from natural and constructed boreal peatlands. On average, ET was 15% higher in warmer and drier years. While intra-annual ET variability was mainly influenced by vapour pressure deficit and net radiation, a long-term decline in ET coincided with <i>Typha latifolia</i> expansion, whose canopy reduced water loss by sheltering the open water. Flux partitioning revealed that transpiration exceeded evaporation by up to 70%, highlighting the role of <i>Typha</i> in reducing energy input and limiting turbulent mixing over the ponded water surface. Despite declining ET, latent heat flux remained the dominant component of the energy balance, suggesting functional similarity to natural fens. With rainfall exceeding ET in 80% of the years, the study site did not experience any prolonged drought periods. These findings enhance understanding of surface-atmosphere interactions and inform wetland reclamation strategies, particularly the role of vegetation change.</p>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hyp.70247","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Groundwater Droughts and Its Recovery Based on Long-Term Groundwater Storage Simulation in Catchments Across Poyang Lake Basin","authors":"Yang Zhang,&nbsp;Runrun Zhang,&nbsp;Miaomiao Ma,&nbsp;Qingyue Bu","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Groundwater droughts pose a significant threat to global water security, leading to critical shortages in groundwater resources and exacerbating ecological degradation. Despite the significant implications of droughts, the influence of climatic and vegetation factors on characteristics of drought recovery remains poorly understood. In this study, long-term monthly aquifer groundwater storage processes from 1983 to 2019 were estimated by employing the VIC-SIMGM model across seven sub-basins in Poyang Lake basin, with multiscale validation according to monitoring wells and GRACE data. Then, catchment groundwater droughts were identified using the standardised groundwater storage drought index. Results indicate that the 7 sub-basins experienced 15–21 groundwater droughts from 1983 to 2019, with the longest and most severe droughts occurring between 2003 and 2010 across all sub-basins. Furthermore, drought recovery times and speeds were calculated, revealing that the average recovery time ranged from 5.05 to 9.93 months, and average recovery speeds ranged from 0.14 to 0.36. The Ganjiang and Fuhe River basins experienced relatively shorter recovery times and faster recovery speeds, while the Changjiang River basin exhibited the most severe droughts with the slowest recovery process. Through correlation analysis, we evaluated the effects of climatic and vegetation factors during the recovery period—including precipitation (P), soil moisture anomalies (SMA), the climate moisture index (CMI), and NDVI—on the characteristics of drought recovery. We found that precipitation has a limited direct influence on drought recovery, while indirect surface regulation processes, particularly SMA and CMI, play a more dominant role. Higher SMA and CMI values are associated with increased recovery speeds and shorter recovery durations. In contrast, higher NDVI values are linked to prolonged recovery periods, suggesting that vigorous vegetation growth may hinder groundwater recharge. The results provide valuable information for long-term groundwater drought identification and highlight the critical role of soil moisture and climate moisture in groundwater drought recovery.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13189,"journal":{"name":"Hydrological Processes","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}