{"title":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3607550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3607550","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11180174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems--II: Express Briefs Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3607552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3607552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11180173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Bounds for a Maxima-Sampling Envelope Detector","authors":"Swagat Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3605161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3605161","url":null,"abstract":"Envelope detectors in automatic gain control systems must achieve both low tracking latency and low output ripple for feedback stability. Conventional non-sampled envelope detectors intrinsically trade off latency and ripple. Maxima-sampling envelope detectors (MSEDs), which demodulate by sampling signal peaks, circumvent this latency-ripple trade-off, enabling control loops that remain stable over several frequency decades. However, MSED nonlinearity causes an intricate, previously uncharacterized interplay between input spectral properties and performance. This work analytically derives and numerically verifies input-dependent performance bounds for MSEDs. By formulating practical “rules-of-thumb” for mixed-signal circuit designers, we pave the way for the broader adoption of MSEDs.","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"1473-1477"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Timestep-Parallel 4D Neuromorphic Computing Array Enabling High Computing Power Density and High Energy Efficiency","authors":"Pujun Zhou;Changhui Xiao;Liwei Meng;Qi Yu;Ning Ning;Yang Liu;Shaogang Hu;Guanchao Qiao","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3603624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3603624","url":null,"abstract":"The timestep-based inference process of spiking neural networks (SNNs) presents two challenges for neuromorphic chip design: 1) additional storage overhead for membrane potentials, and 2) significant power consumption resulting from repeated access to computational data. To address this challenge, this work proposes a timestep-parallel 4D neuromorphic computing array of size <inline-formula> <tex-math>$N_{T}times N_{Z}times N_{X}times N_{Y}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, simultaneously enabling parallel computing in temporal and spatial dimensions. The <inline-formula> <tex-math>$N_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dimension supports timestep-parallel computing, the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$N_{Z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dimension supports neuron-parallel computing, and the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$N_{X}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$N_{Y}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dimensions are used for synapse-parallel computing. The architecture facilitates flexible data reuse across different dimensions (with weights reuse along different timesteps and spikes reuse along different neurons), significantly reducing storage access. Meanwhile, it treats the membrane potential as a short-term computational variable that can be stored in a small buffer, thereby eliminating large-scale membrane potential storage overhead and access. The reduction in data access and storage costs is beneficial for lowering system power consumption and enhancing synaptic energy efficiency. Ultimately, the architecture is evaluated using a 28 nm process library and demonstrates a high computing power density of 1160 GSOP/s/mm2 and a high synaptic energy efficiency of 0.36 pJ/SOP, surpassing related state-of-the-art works. This work significantly reduces the hardware cost of neuromorphic computing and is expected to enhance the competitiveness of neuromorphic hardware in contemporary artificial intelligence applications.","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"1448-1452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems--II: Express Briefs Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3600132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3600132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 9","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11143809","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3600134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3600134","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 9","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11143808","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gradient-Based Optimization of MEMS Loudspeaker Equivalent Circuit Models via Automatic Differentiation","authors":"Oliviero Massi;Alessandro Ilic Mezza;Riccardo Giampiccolo;Lelio Casale;Alberto Bernardini","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3603686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3603686","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) loudspeakers represent a promising solution to meet the growing demand for compact, portable consumer audio devices with integrated sound reproduction capabilities. In this context, the availability of accurate and computationally efficient Lumped-Element Models (LEMs) can greatly accelerate MEMS loudspeaker design and support the development of digital signal processing techniques aimed at enhancing audio performance. In this work, we propose a framework based on Automatic Differentiation (AD) to optimize the parameters of differentiable LEMs in a fully data-driven manner using standard gradient-based optimization methods. Specifically, we focus on tuning the parameters of an ad hoc linear equivalent circuit model for a commercially available MEMS loudspeaker intended for free-field applications.","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"1468-1472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feedback Total-Activity Conservation of Boolean Control Networks","authors":"Wenrong Li;Haitao Li;Lingling Wu","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3603414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3603414","url":null,"abstract":"The law of conservation is crucial to guarantee the robustness of gene expression and signal transduction processes in biological systems. This brief analyzes the feedback total-activity conservation of Boolean control networks (BCNs) based on the semi-tensor product of matrices. First, by constructing the conservative characteristic matrix, a matrix-based criterion is presented to verify the total-activity conservation of BCNs. Secondly, by establishing the control index set, all possible state feedback controllers are designed to achieve the total-activity conservation for BCNs. Finally, an example of lac operon in the Escherichia coli is given to illustrate the proposed results.","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"1428-1432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Multi-Channel Direct-Digital-Conversion Front-End Based on Current-Domain Frequency Division Multiplexing","authors":"Jiayu Kuang;Mingyi Chen","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3602634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3602634","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-channel multiplexing front-ends based on current domain-frequency division multiplexing (CD-FDM) can alleviate the contradiction between higher single-channel power and the number of channels. Direct digital conversion (DDC) architecture eliminates the amplification stage, saving power consumption and area. However, research on multi-channel DDC is still lacking up to date. This brief demonstrates a four-channel CD-FDM DDC front-end for the first time. The prototype was fabricated in a 180 nm BCD process, occupying a core area of 1.602 mm2. The measurement shows a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 0.073% at a 260 mVpp input. The signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) and dynamic range (DR) are 54.55 dB and 62.52 dB, respectively. The integrated noise from 0.5 Hz to 9.77 kHz is measured at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$5.79~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> Vrms, corresponding to a 9.34 noise efficiency factor (NEF). The experimental results demonstrate it to be a promising candidate for multi-channel artifacts-tolerant front-ends with high compactness as well as high energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"1373-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Control for Power System Signal Processing: A Joint Edge Collaboration and Relay Assistance Framework","authors":"Mingrui Zhang;Xuguang Hu;Jingyu Wang","doi":"10.1109/TCSII.2025.3601095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2025.3601095","url":null,"abstract":"This brief presents a signal processing system and its optimize control strategy for power systems. The proposed approach addresses the challenges of increased computational energy consumption and unbalanced processing task allocation. Firstly, a joint edge collaboration and relay assistance signal processing system architecture for power systems is proposed to address the issue of uneven signal processing task allocation. Secondly, a five-slot signal transmission architecture based on non-orthogonal multiple access technology is proposed, along with a method for representing signal processing costs, which solves the problem of signal processing cost quantification. Thirdly, a collaboration assistance computing and resource allocation algorithm is proposed to minimize signal processing costs. Finally, the proposed signal processing system is tested on a power system in China. The results demonstrate that it effectively mitigates the uneven resource allocation issue while significantly reducing signal processing costs.","PeriodicalId":13101,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs","volume":"72 10","pages":"1463-1467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}