IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics最新文献

{"title":"Operational Results of JAXA’s Optical Data Relay System LUCAS as of Oct. 2025","authors":"Yohei Satoh;Takamasa Itahashi;Yutaka Takano;Shiro Yamakawa","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3659124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3659124","url":null,"abstract":"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has developed the Laser Utilizing Communication System (LUCAS) onboard the optical data relay satellite that was launched in November 2020. In September 2024, JAXA successfully conducted an in-orbit technology demonstration between LUCAS and the first user satellite ALOS-4, launched in July 2024. The user data rate of 1.8 Gbps is the largest demonstrated for LEO-GEO link at 1.5 um as of Oct. 2025. This manuscript provides the evaluation results of the acquisition and tracking sequence, directional stability, and communication quality during the demonstration, confirming the practical implementation of the LEO-GEO scenario with real-time laser communication.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 1: Advances in Free Space Laser Communications","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Three-Dimensional Polarization-Insensitive Grating Coupler Tailored for 3D Nanoprinting","authors":"Oliver Kuster;Yannick Augenstein;Carsten Rockstuhl;Thomas Jebb Sturges","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3657231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3657231","url":null,"abstract":"Efficiently coupling light from optical fibers into photonic integrated circuits is a key step toward practical photonic devices. While a notable coupling can be achieved by out-of-plane couplers such as grating couplers, their basic planar geometry typically tends to be sensitive to the polarization of light. This is partly due to the fact that the design spaces of such grating structures—typically fabricated with techniques such as electron-beam lithography—are only two-dimensional with a simple extrusion into the vertical dimension. This makes it challenging to optimize for both polarizations simultaneously, as performance typically degrades when trying to achieve high efficiency in both. As a result, conventional approaches either suffer from increased losses or require additional filtering components to account for different polarizations. In this work, we present a fully three-dimensional, polarization-insensitive grating coupler which has a highly efficient simulated coupling efficiency of over <inline-formula><tex-math>$mathbf {80%}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in both polarizations. This performance matches that of state-of-the-art couplers that are performant for one polarization only. This comes at the cost of a moderately larger size due to the lower refractive index materials typically available in 3D nanoprinting. Our design method uses density-based topology optimization with a multi-objective approach that combines electromagnetic simulations with a fictitious heat-conduction model acting as a soft constraint to promote structural integrity. This ensures that the designed structures are feasible for fabrication. Our work opens new possibilities for robust 3D photonic devices, enabling advanced integration, fabrication, and applications across next-generation photonics and electronics.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 2: 3-D Horizons in Photonics: Integrated Circuits","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"French Optical Ground Station (FrOGS) Results of GEO Optical Bidirectional Links With TELEO","authors":"Geraldine Artaud;Loïc Eymar;Hisham Forriere;Laurent Coret;Alain Thomas;Hugo Baranger;Victor Darchy;Frederic Lacoste;Daniele Battaglino;Pierre Geneslay;Fergal O’Kane;Erick Bondoux;Romain Drouilly;Louise Garcia;Julien Vincenti;Baptiste Jans;Thierry Lanz;Etienne Samain;Baptiste Sinquin;Armin Schimpf;Sylvain Poulenard;Jean-Christophe Richard","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3656055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3656055","url":null,"abstract":"Free space optical communications using trans-atmospheric links present challenges. The TELEO demonstration [J.-C. Richard, et al. 2024], [S. Poulenard, et al. 2022] provides a unique opportunity to utilize real trans-atmospheric links in a representative environment for satellite communications applications, allowing for the validation of models and terminal architectures. The French Optical Ground Station (FrOGS) was introduced at ICSOS 2023 [G. Artaud, et al. 2023]. Developed at the French Riviera observatory near Grasse, FrOGS is supported by CNES and co-financed by a consortium of industry partners: Safran Data Systems, OGS Technologies and Bertin Alpao, with Airbus Defence and Space participating as an end-user. This article first presents the final architecture of the optical station, dedicated to LEO direct to Earth data repatriation and SatCom GEO feeder link. FrOGS serves as the reference optical ground station (OGS) of the LEO to ground demonstration LASIN [J. Lochard, et al. 2022], while also facilitating the testing of building blocks for optical feeder links during the TELEO demonstration using the TELEO payload hosted on the commercial satellite BADR-8 which was launched in May 2023 [J.-C. Richard, et al. 2024], [S. Poulenard, et al. 2022]. In the remainder of the paper, the FrOGS station’s relevant validation results are presented, including bidirectional communication links with a GEO satellite and findings from pre-compensated uplink tests.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 1: Advances in Free Space Laser Communications","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinical System for Myocardial Ischemia Detection Based on Fiber Optic Sensor","authors":"Tianyu Chen;Jingyun Bi;Xiang Wang;Weimin Lyu;Shuyang Chen;Haihua Shu;Changyuan Yu","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3654817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3654817","url":null,"abstract":"This study developed and validated a non-contact clinical system for myocardial ischemia detection using a fiber optic sensor (FOS) placed under a mattress. A novel algorithm was introduced to assess the hemodynamic consequences of ischemia by quantifying changes in cardiac function. The algorithm calculated the ratio between the IK and JJ intervals of the ballistocardiography (BCG) waveform, a temporal feature that serves as a biomarker for myocardial contractility impaired by ischemia. An initial cohort of 5 healthy subjects and 5 patients with myocardial ischemia was used to establish a diagnostic threshold, yielding an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.9556. A separate clinical validation with 5 additional subjects subsequently confirmed the system’s effectiveness. The analysis demonstrated that an 8-second signal duration was sufficient for accurate detection, and processing times ranging from 1.2 ms to 30.7 ms across various hardware platforms affirmed the system’s real-time capability. The results highlight a robust and non-invasive system for continuous cardiac monitoring, offering an automated and objective tool to support the early clinical detection of myocardial ischemia.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 4: Adv. Biophoton. in Emerg. Biomed. Tech. and Dev","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Gain-Tunable SSPP Circuit System With Negative Group Delay","authors":"Yiqin Liu;Wanli Li;Jinxuan Deng;Weiwen Li","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3654052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3654052","url":null,"abstract":"Spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) waveguides typically exhibit positive group delay, leading to pulse broadening, which can be compensated by introducing a negative group delay (NGD) circuit. In this work, the self-coupling characteristics of split-ring resonator (SRR) structures are exploited to realize NGD within the SSPP waveguide unit. By vertically stacking multiple SRRs, the NGD value is further enhanced. To compensate for the signal attenuation associated with NGD, an amplifier circuit is designed, and an attenuator is introduced to enable tunable gain. The proposed triple-SRR NGD waveguide achieves approximately – 8 ns group delay at 1.61 GHz. The system provides a tunable <italic>S</i>₂₁ range of up to 30 dB, while the delay value and operating frequency remain relatively stable. By compressing the output signal envelope, advanced signal output can be achieved. This circuit system shows great potential for applications in real-time communications and sensing.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 3: Nanophotonics, Metamaterials and Plasmonics","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-Chip Photonics Integrated Circuits Formed by Three-Dimensional Waveguides for Mode Manipulation","authors":"Zirou Liu;Yu Huang;Yahao Li;Jun Xue;Chaoyue Wang;Wanyu Wu;Yanping Li;Jiawei Kong;Yue Chen;Zhihang Yan;Sławomir Ertman;Xinyong Dong;Tomasz R. Woliński;Perry Ping Shum;Quandong Huang","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3654088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3654088","url":null,"abstract":"Chip-scale photonics integrated circuits have attracted great attention in optical communications for decades due to their advantages in material compatibility, power consumption, bandwidth, and integrability. We present a comprehensive introduction to mode-manipulating devices based on three-dimensional (3D) waveguide circuits, where these devices are fabricated by using optical lithography, femtosecond laser direct writing, or 3D printing based on two-photon absorption. We also discuss the future development and applications of the 3D photonic chips, which can find further applications in quantum optics, signal processing, and biosensing, all leveraging mode manipulation.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 2: 3-D Horizons in Photonics: Integrated Circuits","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146082317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CMOS Compatible Low-loss Optical Tunnel Vias for 3D Photonic Integration","authors":"Sarad Subhra Bhakat;Kumar Piyush;Chintapalli Sam;Riddhi Goswami;Arnab Goswami;Eloi Marigo Ferrer;Hor Chee Hoong;Ng Chew Yan;Bijoy Krishna Das","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3653717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3653717","url":null,"abstract":"The dimensional limit of a single-mode waveguide cross-section is the fundamental roadblock of designing compact and large-scale planar photonic integrated circuits (PICs). The other limitation is the choice of waveguide core materials for designing various passive and active components for the application specific PICs. Fortunately, besides crystalline Si, plenty of other options of waveguide core materials such as epitaxially grown Ge, PECVD/LPCVD grown SiN, AlN, etc., are available for the utilization of advanced CMOS fabrication process compatible silicon photonics technology in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. However, because of the absence of a suitably designed optical via, hybrid structure waveguide components and multi-layered three-dimensional PIC designs couldn’t be effectively implemented till date. Here, we have proposed a low-loss compact optical tunnel via (OTV) design as a solution for 3D photonic integration. Using a standard Maxwell’s equation solver, we have shown that the insertion loss of such a OTV design can be <inline-formula><tex-math>$&lt; $</tex-math></inline-formula> 0.1 dB for a broad wavelength range of operations around 1550 nm. We have also shown low-loss performance of such OTVs can be arrayed in designing complex PICs with hybrid waveguide components. The materials and design dimensions have been chosen carefully such that the proposed 3D-PICs can be easily manufactured in conventional CMOS foundries. We have also presented wavelength dependent loss (WDL) and polarization dependent loss (PDL) of various OTV designs for hybrid photonic interconnects using 3D-FDTD simulations.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 2: 3-D Horizons in Photonics: Integrated Circuits","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11348063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146082307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualization of Alterations in Tumor Microenvironment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Caused by Neoadjuvant Therapy Based on the Combination of Multiphoton Microscopy and Digital Pathological Imaging Analysis","authors":"Bo Liu;Guoping Li;Zhijun Li;Xuan Tao;Ke Zheng;Zhouxu Feng;Shichao Zhang;Shuoyu Xu;Jianhua Chen;Xu Li;Jianxin Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3652794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3652794","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in combination with chemotherapy on the tumor microenvironment of esophageal cancer has not been fully understood. In this paper, multiphoton microscopy and digital pathological imaging analysis were conducted to examine the treatment-driven microenvironment changes among 51 samples with only underwent surgical resection (SG), 49 samples with good pathological reactions (GR) and 34 samples with poor pathological reactions (PR). The results showed that treatment caused the elastic fiber to remodel in the arterioles and led the vascular walls to thicken, which might be related to drug delivery but not to the therapeutic effect. After neoadjuvant therapy, the collagen fibers in the stromal regions immediately adjacent to the tumor mass were degraded, which was a good response to treatment. In the GR group but not the PR group, although neoadjuvant therapy caused significant regression of the tumor mass, some more aggressive subclones of tumor cells were screened out, characterized by rounder nuclear shape, and smaller smoothness, with looser nuclear structure and enlarged nucleoli. In addition, stromal fibrosis also can be observed in the GR group, manifested by the more deposition of collagen fibers, longer and wider collagen fibers, and more orderly arrangement of collagen fibers existing in the stromal regions at 200 μm from the tumor mass after treatment. Correlation analysis showed that the degradation of collagen fibers adjacent to the tumor mass, nuclear morphology of the residual cells, and stromal fibrosis were significantly correlated with therapeutic efficacy.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 4: Adv. Biophoton. in Emerg. Biomed. Tech. and Dev","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Collagen Mapping for Quantitative Microarchitectural Analysis in Whole-Core Pancreatic Tissue Microarrays","authors":"Varun Nair;Gavish Uppal;Ruchi Sinha;Manjit Kaur;Sukrit Gupta;Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3651753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3651753","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen remodelling plays a critical role in the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), though misdiagnosis often occurs due to the resemblance with chronic pancreatitis (CP). While second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is the current gold standard in research for visualizing fibrillar collagen, it is not utilized for routine histopathological use. This study highlights the need for an alternative method for quantitative collagen analysis that is compatible with standard hematoxylin-and-eosin (HE) stained histopathological slides. Using the computational image-to-image translation approach, whole-core standard brightfield HE images of pancreatic tissues were translated into the new collagen images. From these computationally translated collagen images, quantitative collagen measures were extracted for PDAC, PanIN, CP, and normal pancreatic tissues, and their statistical significance was evaluated. Among the four classes, PDAC tissues exhibited the highest collagen alignment (n = 58, p < 0.01, R² = 0.2594), while normal tissues showed the lowest fiber density (n = 58, p < 0.0001, R² = 0.3569). Seven machine learning models were assessed to differentiate neoplastic from non-neoplastic tissues cores based on collagen measures extracted from the translated collagen images. Feature importance and ROC-AUC analyses both identified fiber length and collagen deposition area as the most prominent parameters, achieving AUC values of 0.83 and 0.73, respectively, for distinguishing between the tissue classes. The findings demonstrate that the collagen images derived from standard HE-stained tissue microarrays (TMAs) whole-core images enable quantitative assessment of collagen remodelling across pancreatic lesions. Additionally, the study indicates that cross-modality image translation, as a cost-effective alternative, has the potential to offer deeper insights into histopathology and tissue microenvironment analysis without requiring collagen-specific imaging equipment or external labels, thereby further supporting its feasibility for integration into standard clinical workflows.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 4: Adv. Biophoton. in Emerg. Biomed. Tech. and Dev","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146082295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Multiphoton Elastin-Collagen Imaging Differentiates Histologically Ambiguous Lung Adenocarcinoma Subtypes","authors":"Ming-Lian Qiu;Jun-Lin Pan;Jian-Ping Huang;De-Yong Kang;Hou-Qiang Li;Ruo-Lan Lin;Shou-Zhi Wang;Bing-Hua Tang;Jing-Xiang Lu;Zhan Zhuang;Xu Li;Feng Huang;Shu Wang;Jian-Xin Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3651647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2026.3651647","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma subtypes is critical for personalized surgical strategies, particularly in intraoperative differentiation between adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IA). However, tissue distortions such as alveolar rupture or collapse induced during surgery frequently lead to subtype misclassification. Conventional histological staining limited by their inability to quantitatively characterize collagen and elastin fibers, fail to address this clinical challenge. To overcome these limitations, we developed a quantitative Multiphoton Elastin-Collagen Imaging (qMECI) method, specifically targeting diagnostic ambiguities between AIS and IA. qMECI employs label-free multiphoton microscopy to simultaneously capture microarchitectural features of collagen and elastin fibers, extracting ten quantitative metrics encompassing fiber distribution patterns, spatial arrangement, and morphological parameters. Experimental results demonstrate that qMECI identifies critical discriminative signatures of extracellular matrix remodeling, including collagen-elastin coverage, hyperplastic reorganization, and vascular-aligned growth patterns. By integrating quantitative biomarkers such as relative fiber distribution and area ratios, qMECI enables objective differentiation of two diagnostically challenging scenarios: alveolar collapse-type AIS versus acinar-pattern IA and alveolar rupture-type AIS versus papillary IA. This method holds significant potential to refine intraoperative diagnosis workflows, thereby reducing misdiagnosis risks and overtreatment.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 4: Adv. Biophoton. in Emerg. Biomed. Tech. and Dev","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}