2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)最新文献

{"title":"Wind gradients and their impact on trajectory prediction","authors":"S. Torres, Jonathan Dehn","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102074","url":null,"abstract":"Wind gradients affect the accuracy of 4D trajectories (4DT) in several ways: a) wind shear encountered by the aircraft along a climb or descent segment translate into a pseudo-force present in the inertial reference frame; b) gradients of the wind speed along the path could introduce modeling errors due to acceleration; and c) variations of the wind vector taken at the same location but different times, if not taken into account in the model could introduce prediction errors. This paper presents an analysis of the various wind gradients listed above and their effect on trajectory prediction. A sample of 90 days of wind grid data obtained from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) server was analyzed to compute the gradients. The operational impacts of these results are explored and statistics of the wind gradients and their associated trajectory effects are presented.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131302678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Space station external wireless communication system RF coverage and link performance analysis","authors":"S. Hwu, N. Champagne, Matthew J. Upanavage, K. Desilva, C. Lansdowne, M. A. Khayat, Haley C. Boose","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102104","url":null,"abstract":"A simulation method used to analyze the spacecraft wireless communication system RF coverage and link performance is presented in this paper. The method is rigorous, but practical, and is applied in the Space Station wireless system performance analysis. Comprehensive numerical results are presented and discussed. The multipath mitigation techniques are also presented for the Space Station External Wireless Communication System applications.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121439797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective assessment method for RNAV STAR adherence","authors":"Michael J. Stewart, Bryant A. Matthews","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102034","url":null,"abstract":"Flight crews and air traffic controllers have reported many safety concerns regarding area navigation standard terminal arrival routes (RNAV STARs). Specifically, optimized profile descents (OPDs). However, our information sources to quantify these issues are limited to subjective reporting and time-consuming case-by-case investigations. This work is a preliminary study into the objective performance of instrument procedures and provides a framework to track procedural concepts and assess design specifications. We created a tool and analysis methods for gauging aircraft adherence as it relates to RNAV STARs. This information is vital for comprehensive understanding of how our air traffic behaves. In this study, we mined the performance of 24 major US airports over the preceding three years. Overlaying 4D radar track data onto RNAV STAR routes provided a comparison between aircraft flight paths and the waypoint positions and altitude restrictions. NASA Ames Supercomputing resources were utilized to perform the data mining and processing. We assessed STARs by lateral transition path (full-lateral), vertical restrictions (full-lateral/full-vertical), and skipped waypoints (skips). In addition, we graphed frequencies of aircraft altitudes relative to the altitude restrictions. Full-lateral adherence was always greater than Full-lateral/full-vertical, as it is a subset, but the difference between the rates was not consistent. Full-lateral/full-vertical adherence medians of the 2016 procedures ranged from 0% in KDEN (Denver) to 21% in KMEM (Memphis). Waypoint skips ranged from 0% to nearly 100% for specific waypoints. Altitudes restrictions were sometimes missed by systematic amounts in 1,000 ft. increments from the restriction, creating multi-modal distributions. Other times, altitude misses looked to be more normally distributed around the restriction. This tool may aid in providing acceptability metrics as well as risk assessment information.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126492143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic interference quantification for multicore processors","authors":"S. Uhrig, Johannes Freitag","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8101991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8101991","url":null,"abstract":"An evolution from single core towards multicore processors is ongoing in order to satisfy the performance demands of future avionic applications. Furthermore, a simple migration path of legacy single core avionic applications to multicores is desired in order to save space, weight and power. However, the shared resource usage of parallel executed applications causes contention resulting in timing issues. This paper proposes a safety net approach for multicore systems executing a critical application on one core concurrently to other less critical applications on other cores. The proposal allows continuously tracking the progress of an application without any modification of the application code. Hence, interferences from other cores that thwart the critical application can be quantified at any time. In case an acceptable execution delay is exceeded, the safety net can trigger suitable countermeasures. The evaluation shows that our approach is powerful enough to reliably detect critical slowdowns from 1.8% upwards. The time required for detecting the slowdown reaches its optimum at a minimum slowdown of 3%. Hence, pathological or unacceptable slowdowns can be detected in time to trigger suitable counter measures.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123765369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the effects of new automation capabilities on air traffic control operations: Approved for public release; Distribution unlimited. Case number 17-2692","authors":"R. Stanley, Devon B. Kelley, Sara A. Wilkins, Albert Castillo","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102009","url":null,"abstract":"When developing new automation capabilities, analysts must consider how those capabilities affect the air traffic controller's tasks. At the request of the FAA, MITRE examined how a future set of automation enhancements for the TRACON domain will impact air traffic controller workflow, task times, and mental effort. The MITRE team assessed these operational impacts to the controller through task modeling with a tool called Cogulator. We modeled tasks representing operations with today's tools (as-is) and use of the TRACON automation enhancements (to-be). Our modeling results show how a controller's workflow changes when the controller chooses to use the TRACON automation enhancements. These workflow changes include electronic communication in place of voice communication, as well as earlier notification of separation and spacing conflicts. Our results also demonstrate other impacts of using the automation enhancements: shorter task times associated with each capability and mental effort levels that decrease or stay the same.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121507977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dependable, prognostics-incorporated, N-S modular battery reconfiguration scheme with an application to electric aircraft","authors":"Timothy R. Potteiger, Winston Strayhorn, Kenneth Pence, G. Karsai","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102033","url":null,"abstract":"The design of dependable systems, such as electric aircraft, necessitates reliable battery system management to help ensure that in addition to power demands being met in the present, they can be met in the future with a low probability of failure. The development of rules concerning battery discharge can minimize the possibility of faults leading to failures due to extreme operating conditions such as exposure to excessive heat or deep discharge. Fault mitigation methods of battery system management can also include switching mechanisms that reconfigure the battery system to exclude faulty batteries. In our work, we propose a dynamic battery reconfiguration scheme for systems that contain battery packs. The battery reconfiguration scheme was designed with the motivation to be both dependable and capable of having a longer discharge time when compared to a static configuration. The contributions of the battery reconfiguration scheme are many. The scheme allows any battery to be bypassed and allows any primary battery to be functionally replaced by a spare battery resulting in fault tolerance. The scheme uses a minimal set of switches that is comparable to other battery reconfiguration schemes and uses diodes to facilitate safety by preventing batteries within the system from charging one another. The switching problem is solved in a general way using a constraint solver algorithm and the switches are controlled automatically by a microcontroller. The scheme facilitates maintainability as well as adaptability by using a modular design. As stated before, through use of prognostics and diagnostics, the discharge time of the battery reconfiguration scheme can be extended to longer than that of a standard, static configuration. The prognostic measure of remaining discharge time is used to assess the batteries that are limiting to the remaining operating time of the system. Since the limiting batteries can be subject to change, prognostics are taken at a regular interval. As the prognosis changes, the configuration is then switched to supplement the discharge of the limiting batteries or switched to allow the limiting batteries to rest which extends the remaining discharge time. The diagnostic measure used is the state of charge. We use both simulation of an electric aircraft battery bank and a magnetic levitation vehicle as a high current draw to show that the scheme is both fault tolerant and capable of extending the module discharge time. Our battery reconfiguration scheme and module design can be used with any vehicle that has similar power demands such as an electric aircraft. In essence, the key advantages of our battery reconfiguration scheme are that it is fault tolerant by allowing for the continued operation of the vehicle given a fault in a battery and that it can enhance the module discharge time which can be used either persistently to increase the operation time per cycle or upon invocation by flight plan contingency software in instances","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128005310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral coexistence of candidate waveforms and DME in air-to-ground communications: Analysis via hardware software co-design on Zynq SoC","authors":"Sasha Garg, N. Agrawal, S. Darak, Prateek Sikka","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102024","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, L-band (960–1164 MHz) digital aeronautical communication system (LDACS) has been introduced to meet spectrum requirements of exponentially increasing air-traffic. Compared to its predecessor, LDACS offers wider bandwidth and adopts multi-carrier waveform approach enabling multiple transceivers to coexist with legacy signals in L-band, thereby providing wide variety of services ranging from data to multimedia. This paper offers detailed performance and complexity analysis of various candidate waveforms for LDACS on Zynq System on Chip (ZSoC) platform, consisting of programmable logic (PL) such as FPGA and processing system (PS) such as ARM. The first contribution is the implementation OFDM based LDACS transceiver on ZSoC. Various configurations of the architecture are realized by dividing it into two sections, one for PL and other for PS. We demonstrate the flexibility offered by such co-design approach to decide which part of the transceiver to implement on PL and which on PS to meet the given area, delay and power constraints. The second contribution of this paper is to replace OFDM with windowed and filtered versions of OFDM. Detailed experimental results demonstrate the trade-off between these waveforms with respect to parameters such as out-of-band attenuation, area, delay and power requirements.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128066676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating flight-related information into a (Big) data lake","authors":"Miguel A. Martínez-Prieto, A. Bregón, I. García-Miranda, P. C. Álvarez-Esteban, F. Díaz, David Scarlatti","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102023","url":null,"abstract":"Flight cancellations, departure delays, congestion in taxi times and airborne holding delays are increasingly frequent problems that negatively impact the performance, fuel burn, emissions rate and customer satisfaction at major airports in the world. However, this is just a brushstroke of the future to come. The dramatic growth in the air traffic levels has become a problem of paramount importance, leading into an increased interest for enhancing the current Air Traffic Management (ATM) systems. The main objective is to being able to cope with the sustained air traffic growth under safe, economic, efficient and environmental friendly working conditions. The ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Broadcast) technology plays a major role in the new ATM systems, since it provides more accurate real-time positioning information than secondary radars, in spite of using a cheaper infrastructure. However, the main flaw in the use of ADS-B technology is the generation of large volumes of data, that, when merged with other flight-related information, faces important scalability issues. In this work, we start off from a previously developed data lake for the support of the full ADS-B data life-cycle in a scalable and cost-effective way, and propose a data architecture to integrate data from different providers and reconstruct flight trajectories that can ultimately be used to improve the efficiency in flight operations. This data architecture is also evaluated using a 2-week testbed which reports some interesting figures about its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133332252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal to use uas in the investigation of aviation accidents in Colombia","authors":"L. Gomez, J. Parra, Julieta Velez, Jhon Avellaneda, Ospina Luis","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102149","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows how to implement the use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) in the scene of an aviation accident investigation to facilitate the collection of information. The RPAS technology has developed significantly in recent years, allowing researchers to implement them as support tools. Among the analyzed technology, lightweight multicopters with cameras adjusted to the needs of the process of analysis are highlighted. The implementation of national regulations and technology used are analyzed to carry out an investigation when an air accident occurs in countries like Colombia. Also, a comparison is made between the conventional procedure and the implementation of RPAS for the investigation of aerial accidents, taking into account technological capabilities. Getting some examples of images obtained by RPAS that would have been difficult to obtain by other means, such as the tops of broken trees and wreckage below a cliff in poor weather, high altitude, rain forest. Using RPAS to take aerial imagery is low cost and can be obtained quickly, within minutes after arriving at an accident site. The combination of RPAS imagery and software provides a very useful new tool together with accident site documentation and analysis, and at a much lower cost than hiring other technologies. This topic is developed by the Aeronautical Research Group (G.I.N.A) of the Colombian Civil Aviation Authority (UAEAC) in Bogota.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134083704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design assurance evaluation of microcontrollers for safety critical avionics","authors":"A. Schwierz, H. Forsberg","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102145","url":null,"abstract":"Dealing with Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components is a daily business for avionic system manufacturers. They are necessary ingredients for hardware designs, but are not built in accordance with the avionics consensus standard DO-254 for Airborne Electronic Hardware (AEH) design. Especially for complex COTS hardware components used in safety critical AEH, like Microcontroller Units (MCUs), additional assurance activities have to be performed. All of them together shall form a convincing confident, that the hardware is safe in its intended operation environment. The focus of DO-254 is one approach called Design Assurance (DA). Its aim is to reduce design errors by adherence of prescribed process objectives for the entire design life cycle. The effort for certain COTS assurance activities could be reduced if it is possible to demonstrate, that the COTS design process is based on similar effective design process guidelines to minimize desgin errors. In the last years, semiconductor manufacturers released safety MCUs in compliance to the ISO 26262 standard, dedicated for the development of functional safe automotive systems. These products are COTS components in the sense of avionics, but they are also developed according to a process that focuses on reduction of design errors. In this paper an evaluation is performed to figure out if the ISO 26262 prescribes a similar DA approach as the DO-254, in order to reduce the COTS assurance effort for coming avionic systems.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130388151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}