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Multimode Optical Fiber Sensor Modified With Gold Nanorod Arrays 用金纳米棒阵列改进的多模光纤传感器
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3447710
Haibin Ni;Xuzhi Gao;Jun Tian;Tong Cai;Yi Shen;Bo Ni;Jianhua Chang
{"title":"Multimode Optical Fiber Sensor Modified With Gold Nanorod Arrays","authors":"Haibin Ni;Xuzhi Gao;Jun Tian;Tong Cai;Yi Shen;Bo Ni;Jianhua Chang","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3447710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3447710","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents the design and fabrication of a multimode fiber sensor, enhanced with a gold nanorod (GNR) array to improve its refractive index sensitivity. The cladding is etched with hydrofluoric acid (HF) to allow light leakage from the core, followed by magnetron sputtering of a 40 nm thick silver film onto the fiber surface. Subsequently, a GNR array, prepared using the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template method, is transferred onto the silver film. Compared to sensors with only a silver film on the fiber, the sensor with the GNR array exhibited a 31.85% increase in refractive index sensitivity. Furthermore, the GNR on the sensor was coated with the humidity-sensitive material polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to measure environmental relative humidity. The results indicate that the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak wavelength shift has a strong linear correlation with relative humidity within the range of 30-80% RH, achieving a sensitivity of 0.431 nm/%RH.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-Distance Quasi-Distributed FBG Sensor System Based on Time-Division Multiplexing 基于时分复用技术的远距离准分布式 FBG 传感器系统
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3447012
Keiji Kuroda
{"title":"Long-Distance Quasi-Distributed FBG Sensor System Based on Time-Division Multiplexing","authors":"Keiji Kuroda","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3447012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3447012","url":null,"abstract":"This letter reports time-division multiplexed interrogation of fiber Bragg gratings distributed in a single long fiber. A heterodyne detection technique is used to sensitively detect weak reflections from fiber Bragg gratings. Reflection spectra of three fiber Bragg gratings located at 14 m, 2 km, and 42 km, each with a reflectivity of 1%, are simultaneously observed with sufficient signal-to-noise ratios.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implicit Adaptive Moment Estimation Method for On-Chip Metasurface Design and Optimization 用于片上元表面设计和优化的隐式自适应矩估计方法
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3447027
Yubin Zang;Simin Li;Fangzheng Zhang;Zuxing Zhang;Hongwei Chen
{"title":"Implicit Adaptive Moment Estimation Method for On-Chip Metasurface Design and Optimization","authors":"Yubin Zang;Simin Li;Fangzheng Zhang;Zuxing Zhang;Hongwei Chen","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3447027","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3447027","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we present a new implicit optimizing method for optical device’s or system’s design and optimization. This method, derived from the traditional adaptive moment estimation algorithm which has been more and more frequently adopted in disciplinary fields of artificially intelligence, provides one potential feasible way of directly optimizing photonic systems or device without the help of extra AI or mathematical models which need to be established and trained in most cases of AI photonics. Moreover, optimizing efficiency are prominently promoted since this method takes gradient information into consideration to guide the optimization. This method’s fidelity and performance is demonstrated under the case of designing on-chip metasurface structured photonic logic gates.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Single-End-Access BOCDA Enabled by Multi-Core Fiber for Dynamic Strain Measurements 多芯光纤支持单端接入 BOCDA，用于动态应变测量
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3446892
Huan He;Shuyan Chen;Zhiyong Zhao;Dongmei Huang;Ming Tang
{"title":"Single-End-Access BOCDA Enabled by Multi-Core Fiber for Dynamic Strain Measurements","authors":"Huan He;Shuyan Chen;Zhiyong Zhao;Dongmei Huang;Ming Tang","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3446892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3446892","url":null,"abstract":"We propose and demonstrate a single-end-access dynamic Brillouin optical correlation-domain analysis sensor based on the multi-core fiber (MCF) and lock-in-amplifier-free detection scheme. The pump and the probe are individually injected into two cores at the same end of a 7-core MCF, where the cores are directly connected at the other end through fan-in/fan-out couplers to achieve single-ended access. Using another pair of cores as a reference path, the Brillouin gain information along two sensing cores is extracted through power subtraction processing, which eliminates the additional reference fiber links and further suppresses the parasitic intensity modulation noise. A measurement accuracy of 1.41 MHz is achieved at a 200-kHz sampling rate. Sensing information from two sensing cores are simultaneously acquired, allowing longitudinal and radial strain measurements. For proof of concept, measurements of up to 1-kHz longitudinal vibration and a 13.1-Hz radial bending-induced vibration are successfully demonstrated with 10-cm spatial resolution, showing great potential for fast high-resolution dynamic strain measurement.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142159928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of Long-Haul C+L+S Systems by Means of a Closed Form EGN Model 利用封闭式 EGN 模型优化长途 C+L+S 系统
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3445727
Y. Jiang;J. Sarkis;A. Nespola;F. Forghieri;S. Piciaccia;A. Tanzi;M. Ranjbar Zefreh;P. Poggiolini
{"title":"Optimization of Long-Haul C+L+S Systems by Means of a Closed Form EGN Model","authors":"Y. Jiang;J. Sarkis;A. Nespola;F. Forghieri;S. Piciaccia;A. Tanzi;M. Ranjbar Zefreh;P. Poggiolini","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3445727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3445727","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate C+L+S long-haul systems using a closed-form GN/EGN non-linearity model. We perform accurate launch power and Raman pump optimization. We show a potential 4x throughput increase over legacy C-band systems in 1000 km links, using moderate S-only Raman amplification. We simultaneously achieve extra-flat GSNR, within ±0.5 dB across the whole C+L+S spectrum.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142090735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Brillouin Lasing in a Silica Microsphere With Allowance for Rayleigh Scattering 允许瑞利散射的硅微球中的布里渊激光
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3444328
Elena A. Anashkina;Alexey V. Andrianov
{"title":"Brillouin Lasing in a Silica Microsphere With Allowance for Rayleigh Scattering","authors":"Elena A. Anashkina;Alexey V. Andrianov","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3444328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3444328","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate cascade Brillouin lasing in a silica microsphere with 11-GHz spectral spacing between neighboring orders. Using unidirectional pump, up to three Brillouin cascades are attained in both forward and backward spectra due to Rayleigh scattering. We show experimentally and numerically that for weak and strong intermode coupling, the system behavior differs. For weak coupling, first-order Brillouin waves are mainly generated in the backward direction while second-order waves are mainly observed in the forward one. For strong coupling, powers for each order are the same in both directions.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142090785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction of Optical Chaos Using a Comparative Adaptive Extreme Learning Machine 使用比较自适应极限学习机预测光学混沌
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3442813
Yuanlong Fan;Chen Ma;Dawei Gao;Yangyundou Wang;Xiaopeng Shao
{"title":"Prediction of Optical Chaos Using a Comparative Adaptive Extreme Learning Machine","authors":"Yuanlong Fan;Chen Ma;Dawei Gao;Yangyundou Wang;Xiaopeng Shao","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3442813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3442813","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a comparative adaptive extreme learning machine (CAELM) is proposed for continuous prediction of optical chaos with a simple updating rule and low computational complexity. A recursive least square (RLS) with a adaptive forgetting factor (AFF) updating method is devised to track the dynamics of the optical chaos. The results demonstrate that the proposed CAELM can effectively execute the time-varying optical chaos predictions, and delivers much better performance in terms of normalized mean squared error (NMSE), with a value of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2.4times 10 ^{-4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. It also demands fewer training samples than state-of-the-art adaptive methods. Finally, we validate CAELM’s generalization capability under the condition of changing laser parameters, and the proposed CAELM remains accurate and adaptive to predict the time-varying optical chaos with very short training length for the model update.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142045199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermally Grown MoSe2 Thin Film Based MSM Broadband Photodetector 基于热生长 MoSe2 薄膜的 MSM 宽带光电探测器
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3442969
Shikha Singh;Satyabrata Jit
{"title":"Thermally Grown MoSe2 Thin Film Based MSM Broadband Photodetector","authors":"Shikha Singh;Satyabrata Jit","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3442969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3442969","url":null,"abstract":"An Ag/MoSe2 thin film/Ag structure based metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) broadband photodetector fabricated on SiO2 coated Si substrate is reported in this letter. The nano-powder synthesized by the hydrothermal route was used for fabricating MoSe2 thin film by thermal evaporation technique. The interdigitated Ag Schottky contacts were fabricated on the MoSe2 film by thermal evaporation method to obtain the desired structure. Photoresponse of the proposed MSM device was measured using monochromatic light of 300 nm–1100 nm. The response showed the maximum responsivity, detectivity and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ~50 mA/W, \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim 4.5times 10^{11}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 Jones and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim ~16$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000% respectively at 415 nm (incident power density of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim 70~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000W/cm2) under the applied bias voltage of 1.5 V. The fabricated device also shows fast time response with rise (fall) time as 17.8 ms (18.3 ms).","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
External Force Sensing Strategy for Surface Tension Based on SMS Fiber Structure 基于 SMS 纤维结构的表面张力外力感应策略
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3442229
Chuan Tian;Xuening Chen;Yaqi Ren;Meng Wang;Xiaolei Bai
{"title":"External Force Sensing Strategy for Surface Tension Based on SMS Fiber Structure","authors":"Chuan Tian;Xuening Chen;Yaqi Ren;Meng Wang;Xiaolei Bai","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3442229","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3442229","url":null,"abstract":"An external force sensing strategy based on the bend and strain characteristics of SMS fiber structure for liquid surface tension is demonstrated in this work. The bent SMS fiber structure is used to optimize the traditional pull-off method by improving the measurement of the tensile force. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is 1.97221 nm/mN, suitable for measuring small tensile forces, with the minimum force change of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$10.1409~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 N and the linearity of 99.85%. The maximum relative error of LSTC is \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$pm 0.282times 10^{-3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 N/m. Theoretical and experimental results prove that using a bent SMS fiber structure is a feasible approach for accurately measuring liquid surface tension.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
WSe₂ and MoS₂ Nanocomposite-Based Efficient Broadband Photodetector 基于 WSe₂ 和 MoS₂ 纳米复合材料的高效宽带光电探测器
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2024.3441749
Tulika Bajpai;Saumya Tripathi;Ajay Kumar Dwivedi;R. K. Nagaria;Shweta Tripathi
{"title":"WSe₂ and MoS₂ Nanocomposite-Based Efficient Broadband Photodetector","authors":"Tulika Bajpai;Saumya Tripathi;Ajay Kumar Dwivedi;R. K. Nagaria;Shweta Tripathi","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3441749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3441749","url":null,"abstract":"This letter reports a Al/WSe2:MoS2/ITO coated PET structure based broadband photodetector. The device utilizes WSe2: MoS2 nanocomposite (NC) as an active layer prepared using dispersion method. The nanocomposite film was deposited over ITO coated PET through spin coating technique. The Al contacts were deposited over WSe2: MoS2 nanocomposite by means of thermal evaporation unit. The proposed photodetector exhibits a broad photo response with maximum responsivity \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$text {R}_{text {S}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000(A/W) of 10.75 A/W, 85.45 A/W, and 146.96 A/W; at 350nm (UV), 750nm (visible) and 900nm (IR) at -1V bias. The nanocomposite shows promising characteristics for optoelectronic application. WSe2:MoS2 NC shows a wide absorbance spectra, covering ultraviolet (UV)-visible-near infrared (NIR) regions.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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