Human reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Semen quality and lifespan: a study of 78 284 men followed for up to 50 years","authors":"L Priskorn, R Lindahl-Jacobsen, T K Jensen, S A Holmboe, L S Hansen, M Kriegbaum, B S Lind, V Siersma, C L Andersen, N Jørgensen","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deaf023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf023","url":null,"abstract":"STUDY QUESTION Is semen quality associated with the lifespan of men? SUMMARY ANSWER Men with a total motile sperm count of >120 million could expect to live 2.7 years longer than men with total motile sperm count of >0–5 million. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Male infertility and semen quality have been suggested to be markers of morbidity and thus mortality, but the role of underlying disease present at time of semen quality evaluation has not been thoroughly assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the association between semen quality and mortality, and to assess the impact of the health of the man prior to semen quality assessment. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The study was based on 78 284 men who had their semen quality assessed between 1965 and 2015 at the public semen analysis laboratory in the Copenhagen area, Denmark, due to reported couple infertility. Thus, the included men covered a wide range of semen quality. Semen quality assessment included semen volume, sperm concentration, and the proportion of motile and morphologically normal sperm, from which the total sperm count and the total motile sperm count were calculated. Utilizing the unique Danish national registers, follow-up of the men regarding all-cause mortality was performed with a median follow-up of 23 years (5–95th percentile: 8–45 years) during which 8600 deaths occurred, accounting for 11.0% of the total population. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Life expectancy was calculated according to semen quality. Furthermore, the relative differences in mortality were estimated using Cox regression analyses and presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs. A more recent subpopulation of 59 657 men delivered semen samples between 1987 and 2015, a period in which information on educational level and diseases prior to semen sampling was available and adjusted for in Cox regression analyses. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Men with a total motile count of >120 million could expect to live 80.3 years, compared to 77.6 years among men with total motile count of >0–5 million. In Cox regression analyses, all semen parameters were negatively associated with mortality in a dose–response manner both in the total population and the more recent subpopulation (P-trend for all semen parameters <0.001), and adjustment for educational levels and prior diagnoses did not change the estimates in the latter. Looking at total motile sperm count as an example, men with a total motile sperm count >120 million served as the reference, and the adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality in the more recent subpopulation were: azoospermia: 1.39, >0–5 million: 1.61, >5–10 million: 1.38, >10–40 million: 1.27, >40–80 million: 1.16, >80–120 million: 1.19, P-trend < 0.001. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The study was well-powered and included a unique database of results from semen analyses combined with register follow-","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A video clip detailing the patient journey on the day of oocyte retrieval in addition to the standard of care: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Louise Dias, Peter De Loecker, Sarah Willems, Thomas M D’Hooghe, Joris Vriens, Karen Peeraer, Eline A F Dancet","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deaf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf033","url":null,"abstract":"STUDY QUESTION Can a video clip detailing the patient journey decrease women’s anxiety on the day of their first oocyte retrieval? SUMMARY ANSWER The video clip does not affect women’s anxiety on the day of their first oocyte retrieval. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY IVF triggers anxious reactions in women and men, with peaks of anxiety on the day of (especially the first) oocyte retrieval as shown by reliable questionnaires and biomarkers of distress. Several trials showed that videos with preparatory information reduce women’s and men’s anxiety for out-patient procedures. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This monocentric open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) randomized (computerized 1:1 allocation) 190 heterosexual couples about to start their first IVF cycle during a 24 months’ recruitment period (2018–2020). In addition to the standard of care offered to both the intervention group and the control group, the intervention group received a video clip, the day prior to their first oocyte retrieval, detailing the patient journey on the day of oocyte retrieval. After completion of the RCT, 35 additional couples were recruited as part of a qualitative process evaluation (QPE). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Upon arrival at a private secondary care fertility centre in Belgium for their first oocyte retrieval, women and men independently filled out the State module of the ‘State-Trait Anxiety Inventory’ (STAI) and the ‘Infertility-Specific Distress Scale’ (IDS) and evaluated the novel intervention, if applicable. In addition, clinical and discontinuation outcomes were extracted from couples’ electronic medical records 24 months later. The data of 155 couples (76–79/group) were subjected to an intention-to-treat analysis. The 35 couples taking part in the QPE filled out two questionnaires assessing knowledge and, if applicable, took part in an in-depth interview on their experience watching the video clip, immediately before their first oocyte retrieval. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The video clip did not affect women’s anxiety on the day of oocyte retrieval (mean STAI-State score intervention group = 42.7 ± 8.1 vs control group = 42.1 ± 8.5, P = 0.68). Men who watched the video clip were, however, significantly less anxious than men who did not watch it (35.8 (±6.4) vs 38.2 (±7.6), P = 0.034). Surprisingly, infertility-specific distress was higher among women and men who watched the video clip, as compared to women and men who did not watch the video clip (mean Infertility-specific Distress (IDS) scale score for women, 25.8 (±4.9) vs 24.3 (±4.6), P = 0.051; men, 22.6 (±5.0) vs 20.8 (±4.7), P = 0.023). The QPE clarified that watching the video clip did not increase knowledge about what would happen but that some women and men found the visualization of invasive procedural steps more confrontational than the earlier received, abstract, written, and verbal information. All but one woman and all men in the intervention group would recommend th","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atosiban in individuals with previous implantation failure undergoing frozen blastocyst transfer: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"He Cai, Shan Liu, Wentao Li, Haiyan Bai, Hanying Zhou, Xia Xue, Wei Li, Mingzhao Li, Xiaoli Zhao, Chun Ma, Hui Wang, Li Tian, Tao Wang, Na Li, Jinlin Xie, Lijuan Chen, Min Wang, Chen Yang, Hua Jia, Dian Zhang, Danmeng Liu, Ben W Mol, Juanzi Shi","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deaf035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf035","url":null,"abstract":"STUDY QUESTION Does the intravenous administration of Atosiban around the time of frozen blastocyst transfer to reduce uterine contractility increase the likelihood of live birth in individuals undergoing ART treatment? SUMMARY ANSWER In individuals with a history of one previous implantation failure, Atosiban did not significantly increase the live birth rates following frozen blastocyst transfer. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Excessive uterine contraction waves during the embryo transfer procedure have been associated with decreased pregnancy rates. Atosiban, an oxytocin receptor antagonist, could reduce uterine contractions and potentially enhance implantation success in ART. However, data are inconclusive. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This study is a randomized, controlled, single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Recruitment was from July 2019 to June 2023, with follow-up until May 2024. Participants, treating clinicians and embryologists were blinded to group assignment. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous Atosiban (37.5 mg) (n = 549) or placebo 30 min (n = 551) before the transfer procedure. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Eleven hundred individuals scheduled for single frozen blastocyst transfer who had previously experienced one episode of implantation failure during ART. Uterine contractility was assessed via transvaginal ultrasound before administering the assigned intervention. The primary outcome was live birth. A pre-specified subgroup analysis was performed in individuals with and without abnormal uterine contractions. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Of the 1100 randomized participants (mean age, 31 years), 1099 (99.9%) were assessed for the primary outcomes, with the exception of one participant in the placebo group who was lost to follow-up after clinical pregnancy. Live birth occurred in 272/549 (49.5%) in the Atosiban group and 246/550 (44.7%) in the placebo group (absolute difference 4.8%, 95% CI −1.1 to 10.7; risk ratio [RR] 1.11, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.26; P = 0.10). Uterine contractility was evaluated in 720 participants (65% of the total cohort). Among them, 163 participants (23%) with abnormal contractions had live birth rates of 51.9% and 39.3% in the Atosiban and placebo groups, respectively (absolute difference 12.6%, 95% CI −2.6 to 27.8; RR 1.32, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.86; P = 0.11). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The study’s findings may not be widely applicable due to its single-center design, subjective video assessments, and focus on a specific subset of individuals experiencing failed embryo implantation, potentially introducing biases and confounding factors. Additionally, the limited examination of uterine contractions in only 65% of participants and the absence of re-evaluation due to resource constraints restrict the study’s analytical power and the confirmation of Atosiban’s effectiveness. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our study shows do not support the rou","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective associations of adolescent obesity phenotypes with self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis in young adulthood.","authors":"L A Reich, R G St Fleur, A Gjelsvik, A E Field, H N Ziobrowski","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae294","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study question: </strong>Are empirically derived adolescent overweight/obesity phenotypes differentially associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in young adulthood?</p><p><strong>Summary answer: </strong>Self-reported PCOS diagnosis risk in young adulthood varied by empirically derived adolescent overweight/obesity phenotypes, with the highest risk observed among those in the 'mothers with obesity' and 'early puberty' phenotypes.</p><p><strong>What is known already: </strong>Overweight and obesity during puberty are postulated to promote the development of PCOS. Much of the prior literature in this area is cross-sectional and defines weight status based solely on BMI, yet emerging research suggests that not all people with overweight/obesity have the same risk for chronic health conditions, including PCOS.</p><p><strong>Study design, size, duration: </strong>Data came from 4838 female participants in the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), an ongoing prospective cohort study in the USA that has followed children aged 9-14 into young adulthood (ages 31-37, with 16 waves of data collection between 1996 and 2019).</p><p><strong>Participants/materials, settings, methods: </strong>We previously used latent class analysis to empirically derive obesity phenotypes among 2038 female participants aged 14-19 years with overweight/obesity in the sample, as determined by participants' self-reported height and weight status. Indicators in the latent class analysis were participants' maternal weight status, disordered eating behaviors, body image and weight concerns, depressive symptoms and pubertal timing. The derived obesity phenotypes included 'mothers with obesity', 'early puberty', 'high weight concerns', and 'mixed'. Among these participants and female participants without adolescent overweight/obesity, we used logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to examine associations of adolescent obesity phenotypes with self-reported PCOS diagnosis after age 19. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Main results and the role of chance: </strong>Participants in all four obesity phenotypes were more likely than participants without overweight/obesity to report a PCOS diagnosis ('mothers with obesity' phenotype: odds ratio (OR) = 4.50, 95% CI = 2.61, 7.77; 'early puberty' phenotype: OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.59, 3.97; 'high weight concerns' phenotype: OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.24, 3.24; 'mixed' phenotype: OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.33, 2.82). Individuals in the 'mothers with obesity' phenotype had a significantly greater risk of PCOS diagnosis compared to those in the 'mixed' and 'high weight concerns' phenotypes (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Limitations, reasons for caution: </strong>Participants self-reported PCOS diagnosis, which may underestimate new-onset PCOS and limit our ability to establish a temporal order between overweight/obesity and PCOS development. Residual confounding may also explain some of the observed ass","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"545-552"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply: Unveiling early predictors of adverse birth outcomes: the potential and limits of embryonic growth metrics.","authors":"Jorine Roelants, Marijn J Vermeulen, Régine Steegers-Theunissen","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae296","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"563-564"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical considerations on surrogacy†.","authors":"Francoise Shenfield, Basil Tarlatzis, Guiliana Baccino, Theofano Bounartzi, Lucy Frith, Guido Pennings, Veerle Provoost, Nathalie Vermeulen, Heidi Mertes","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deaf006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deaf006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surrogacy is the assisted reproductive technology (ART) practice in which a person becomes pregnant, carries, and delivers a child on behalf of another couple/person, who are the intended parent(s). Surrogacy is an especially complex practice as the interests of the intended parents, the gestational carrier, and the future child may differ. This paper considers ethical questions related to different forms of surrogacy. It concludes that non-commercial surrogacy is an acceptable method of assisted reproduction for specific indications. When using surrogacy to form a family, it is essential that there are measures to protect all parties, to guarantee well-considered decision-making, and to minimize risks. The current paper formulates recommendations to promote these measures. This paper is an update to the ESHRE Task Force Ethics and Law Paper 10: Surrogacy and replaces this paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"420-425"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human ovarian tissue xenotransplantation: advancements, challenges, and future perspectives.","authors":"Paweena Thuwanut, Ellen C R Leonel, Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz, Porntip Sirayapiwat, Stine Gry Kristensen, Christiani A Amorim","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae291","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation has emerged as a promising fertility preservation technique for individuals facing premature ovarian insufficiency due to various medical conditions or treatments. Xenotransplantation, involving the transplantation of ovarian tissue into animal hosts, has played a pivotal role in refining ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation techniques and addressing key challenges. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of ovarian tissue xenotransplantation research, focusing on its applications in investigating ovarian biology, optimizing ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation protocols, and assessing safety concerns. It also explores the utilization of xenografting of human ovarian tissue in mouse models in the last 10 years. Key findings from preclinical studies investigating grafting site optimization, cryopreservation protocol refinement, the development of strategies to mitigate chemotherapy-induced damage, follicle development, tissue revascularization, and the risk of malignant cell reintroduction are summarized. Moreover, the review examines the ethical considerations surrounding the use of animals in ovarian tissue xenotransplantation research and suggests emerging alternative models that aim to minimize animal use while maximizing clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"410-419"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling early predictors of adverse birth outcomes: the potential and limits of embryonic growth metrics.","authors":"Binglin Li, Yueqi Feng, Ruijuan Chen","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae295","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae295","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"561-562"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent implantation failure: science or fiction?","authors":"Juan J Fraire-Zamora, George Liperis, Munevver Serdarogullari, Omar F Ammar, Paul Pirtea, Paola Viganò, Laurentiu Craciunas, Micah J Hill, Kashish Sharma","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deaf007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deaf007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"565-569"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between endometriosis and working life among Danish women.","authors":"Eeva-Liisa Røssell, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Marie Josiasen, Karina Ejgaard Hansen, Bodil Hammer Bech, Dorte Rytter","doi":"10.1093/humrep/deae298","DOIUrl":"10.1093/humrep/deae298","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study question: &lt;/strong&gt;What is the association between endometriosis and working life (lost), workforce participation, and productivity?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Summary answer: &lt;/strong&gt;Women with endometriosis experienced more working years lost due to disability pension and to a smaller degree sick leave, they were less frequently working or enrolled in education, had more sick days, were less productive, and had lower work ability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is known already: &lt;/strong&gt;Endometriosis is associated with negative consequences on working life; however, previous studies are based on self-reported data or smaller samples of women. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have quantified the average reduction in working hours during the entire span of working life using population-based registers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design, size, duration: &lt;/strong&gt;This study included two Danish data sources. In the register-based cohort study (main analysis), a total of 2 650 554 women aged 18-65 years were followed for a total of 42.8 million person-years from 1992 to 2021. In the questionnaire-based cross-sectional study (Supplementary Analysis), 35 490 women aged 26-51 years were invited to participate and 7298 women completed the questionnaire.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants/materials, setting, methods: &lt;/strong&gt;For the main analysis, 42 741 (1.6%) were diagnosed with endometriosis. We estimated working years lost decomposed into disability pension, voluntary early retirement, or death for women with endometriosis and the general female population. For the supplementary analysis, 270 (4.0%) reported to have endometriosis. We analysed these recent questionnaire data on women's health to further investigate working life and productivity among women with and without endometriosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main results and the role of chance: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on the main analysis, women with endometriosis lost on average an additional 0.26 years (95% CI: 0.17-0.37) of working life compared to the general female population. This was due to sick leave and especially disability pension. For the supplementary analysis, the participation rate was 20.6%. Women with endometriosis reported to be less frequently working or enrolled in education (74.1% (95% CI 68.4%-79.2%) with endometriosis, 82.7% (95% CI 81.8%-83.7%) without) and had more sick days (4-28 sick days last 4 weeks: 16.2% (95% CI 11.6%-21.8%) with endometriosis, 7.9% (95% CI 7.2%-8.7%) without). In addition, they reported lower productivity and work ability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations, reasons for caution: &lt;/strong&gt;Endometriosis is underdiagnosed in the register data as only hospital diagnoses are registered and diagnoses from private practicing gynaecologists and general practitioners are missing. In addition, sick leave might be underestimated as shorter periods of sick leave are not included in the registers. Questionnaire data were self-reported including endometriosis and participants might be a selected","PeriodicalId":13003,"journal":{"name":"Human reproduction","volume":" ","pages":"461-468"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}