Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research最新文献

{"title":"The Old, The New and The Future in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","authors":"Á. Zamudio Tiburcio","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000629","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the time that the Intestinal Microbiota can be conserved, without losing its efficiency, as well as evaluating the different aspects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, is what is intended in this work. First, the history of 2000 years to date is analyzed, regarding Microbiota Transplants, or is it 3000? And the following aspects are defined: Where did the Microbiota Transplant begin; where it was institutionalized, how many transplants have been performed, its costs. The important aspects of Recurrent Clostridiodes difficile Infection. The Intestinal Microbiota, its names; something about dysbiosis. The Methodology to carry out the IMT, excelling the donors. A list of the Conditions that improve with the Transplant is proposed. The stability time; The aim is to determine if it is necessary to use antibiotics before transplantation. The need for metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyzes is considered. Finally, complications are evaluated and what could happen both in the immediate and distant future is proposed.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122172744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances into the Epigenetic Regulation by DNA Methylation in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","authors":"Teresa Rubio- Tomás","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000628","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD) and its complications is increasing worldwide, due to different factors, but especially to the increase of hypercaloric diets, sedentary lifestyle and obesity, as well as an increase in the percentage of aged populations in Western countries. Many efforts are being done to understand the pathogenesis of NAFLD to stop this global pandemic and many alterations in epigenetic mechanisms have been detected during the course of the disease. In this mini-review I will focus on recent articles (from the last year) that explore the link between deregulation of DNA methylation, an important epigenetic mechanism, and NAFLD development and progression towards steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132747166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic Modified Belsey Fundoplasty (Gastroesophageal Valvuloplasty) for relief of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Review of Technique and Results","authors":"F. Gharagozloo","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000627","url":null,"abstract":"Nissen fundoplication is by far the most common surgical procedure for the repair of gastroesophageal reflux in the United States. However, Nissen fundoplication is associated with significant complications and a high failure rate. Belsey Mark IV repair creates a valve spanning 270 of the circumference of the gastroesophageal junction by intussuscepting the esophagus into the stomach by 2cm. However, the conventional Belsey Mark IV repair as performed through a left thoracotomy is associated with the morbidity of a thoracotomy. A laparoscopic Belsey repair is a minimally invasive procedure which is associated with excellent relief of reflux. We review the technique and results of laparoscopic Belsey fundoplasty.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133839618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk Allergy: A Commonly Missed Cause of Transient Pancreatitis in Infants- A Case Report","authors":"Antoine Jeri- Yabar","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2021.06.000626","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of pediatric acute pancreatitis is 3-13 cases per 100,000 persons per year [1]. There are several risk factors for infants to present acute pancreatitis including genetic associations such as SPINK1 protein, anomalies of the pancreas, gallstones, microlithiasis, medications and metabolic, hematologic and a wide variety of infections. Five to twenty percent of children with acute pancreatitis have pancreatic anomalies, making it one of the most common causes of pancreatitis in this population [1] only preceded by genetic associations. Milk allergy is the most common food allergy in young children and its prevalence is higher in infants than young children. There have been a few case reports that link milk allergy to acute transient pancreatitis most commonly in infants as well. Herein, we present a case of milk allergy induced pancreatitis in a 1-year-old patient from Lima-Peru.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125089713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Disease Index, Colon Damage Score, and Microbial Analysis of Intestinal Flora after Treatment with the Novel Test Formulation in TNBS-Induced Colitis in Sprague Dawley Rats","authors":"S. Jana","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2021.05.000624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2021.05.000624","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the microbial analysis, Disease Activity/Activation Index (DAI), and Colon Mucosal/Macroscopic Damage Index (CMDI) analysis after treatment with the Biofield Energy Healing/Blessing (the Trivedi Effect ® ) based novel test formulation in male The test formulation consists of minerals (zinc, magnesium, iron, and copper) and vitamins (B 6 , B 12 , and D 3 ), which was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control, without any Biofield Energy Healing/Blessing Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated/Blessed sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment/Blessing by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. Additionally, three group of animals were also received Biofield Energy Treatment per se (day -15) under similar conditions. The gut health microbial analysis along with DAI and CMDI with the help of Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) was evaluated. The DAI score was decreased by 18.8%, 13.5%, 18.6%, 25.5%, and 15.8% in the G5 (Biofield Energy Treated test formulation), G6 (Biofield treatment per se to animals at -15 days), G7 (Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at -15 day), G8 (Biofield Treatment per se to the animals plus Biofield Treated test formulation at -15 day), and G9 (Biofield Treatment per se to the animals plus untreated test formulation) groups, respectively as compared with the G2. EPM data showed a significant increase time spent in open arm by 436.55%, 493.31%, 526.77% ( p ≤0.05), 438.61%, and 133.20% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. Microbial analysis showed decrease in the count of coli in the G5, G6, and G8 groups, while a decrease in the Klebsiella pneumonia count was also observed in at 4 th week in all treated groups except the G5 group as compared with the G4. On the other hand, the increase of the beneficial bacteria Bacteriodes uniformis and Prevotella copra was observed in the G5 group. CMDI score was significantly reduced by 19.67%, 13.79%, 25.55% ( p ≤0.05), 29.47% ( p ≤0.05), and 21.63% in the G5, G6, G7, G8, and G9 groups, respectively as compared with the G2 group. Overall, the data indicated that the Trivedi Effect ® -Biofield Energy Healing based test formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment se reduced the colon inflammation in the TNBS-induced colitis rats by decreasing CMDI and increased DAI along with improved gut microbial analysis.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125932008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Immunosuppression Hidden Malignancy: Case Report of An Unexpected Clostridium Septicum Infection and Its Fatal Consequence","authors":"G. M","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2021.05.000625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2021.05.000625","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clostridium septicum is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria belonging to the human intestinal flora. Infections are rare but lead to high mortality and are associated with immunosuppression, malignancy and multipathogenic infections. We present the case of an immunocompromised patient in which an inapparent Clostridium septicum infection and colorectal cancer are simultaneously detected. Case presentation: A 67-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fatigue and inappetence. Past medical history included lupus erythematosus, treated with prednisolone, azathioprine, and hydroxychloroquine, and coronary heart disease managed through stenting. His CRP was raised at 321mg/l (norm.: <5mg/l) and procalcitonin elevated at 0.65ng/ml (norm.: <0.005ng/ml) with a haemoglobin concentration of 9.5g/dl (norm.: 14-18mg/dl). Clostridium septicum and Staphylococcus saccharolyticus were both isolated from anaerobic blood cultures and the decision was taken to commence antibiotic treatment with clindamycin and piperacillin/tazobactam. Inflammatory markers decreased as a result. Additional results obtained from colonoscopy revealed adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon. The patient later went on to receive a right-sided hemicolectomy during elective surgery after developing impaired hemodynamic response due to gastrointestinal bleeding. Following a complete course of antibiotic therapy, the patient recovered from his surgery and the infection. Conclusion: The detection of infection with Clostridium septicum has clinical relevance due to its association with colon cancer. Once the bacteria have been identified, colonoscopy and antibiotic therapy are of vital importance. Immunocompromised patients may have a worsened prognosis, as they often do not show clinical signs of infection, and as a result the diagnosis of a Clostridium septicum and associated malignancy can be delayed or even missed.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125936309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Secondary Rectal Intramural Hematoma Triggered by Aspiration for Endoscopic Mucosal Resection","authors":"Kazutosi Hamada, Yuta Igarashi, KumieKodera, Tazuo Okuno, Takuro Morita, Hiroshi Yano, Toshihiro Higashikawa, O. Iritani, K. Iwai, S. Morimoto, M. Okuro, T. Itoh, K. Kawaura, Hiroaki Kuno, Junji Kamai, Rika Kobayasi, Sadahumi Azukisawa, H. Kitakata","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000623","url":null,"abstract":"Total colonoscopy was performed on an 89-year-old man who was not treated with anticoagulation therapy. He had developed purpura in the rectum below the peritoneal reflection by the aspiration for endoscopic mucosal resection to rectal polyp. The purpura resulted in spontaneous cessation, but he had lower abdominal pain thereafter. He was diagnosed to have intramural hematoma of the rectum from rectosigmoid to above the peritoneal reflection by computed tomography and sigmoidoscopy. It disappeared with conservative therapy. We infer that it was secondary rectal intramural hematoma triggered by excessive straining against purpura.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131542992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Evaluation Between Apache II Scale and Ranson Scale in Severe Acute Pancreatitis in the Emergency Department","authors":"Juan Carlos Meza-Franco, Juan Pablo Solis Pureco, Dimas Muñoz-Flores, J. García-Pérez, Sile Araceli Ortiz Zavaleta, Miguel Ángel Pedraza-Zárate, Anahari Uscanga Montesano, Edith Guillen Salomón","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000622","url":null,"abstract":"Apache Abstract Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is a common disease, characterized by inflammation and destruction of the pancreas. There are multiple scales for its assessment within which are the Ranson prognostic scale and the Apache II scale. Our objective is to know the prognostic evaluation between Apache II and Ranson scales in severe acute pancreatitis in the emergency department. Objective: To know the prognostic evaluation between Apache II and Ranson scale in severe acute pancreatitis, in the emergency department. Material and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, comparative and observational study was carried out in patients older than 18 years with acute pancreatitis in a period of 3 months, the Apache II and Ranson scale were applied; They were classified as: mild and severe. Non-probabilistic samples, for convenience. The severity predictors were compared using the confidence intervals, area under the ROC curve (Receiver Operating Characteristics), significance level of p: <0.05%. Results: Mild pancreatitis was higher, Ranson being 39% mild, 21% grave, and Apache II scale, 57% mild, and 43% grave. The APACHE II scale has a higher sensitivity (65.52) compared to the RANSON scale (43.10). In our environment, it obtained a fairly acceptable value, compared to the Ranson scale. The APACHE II scale presented a higher sensitivity with respect to the RANSON scale.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122577674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance To Beta-Lactamics in Gastroenteric Processes in the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"D. C. C. Rocha, E. Vidal, D. C. Costa, Karina Lúcia Silva da Silva, A. R. Marinho","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000621","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years there has been a rapid increase in bacterial resistance in Brazil and worldwide. Among the mechanisms described, Extended-Spectrum ß -Lactamases (ESBL) are of great importance. The continuous assessment of bacterial resistance have fundamental importance in preventing the occurrence of outbreaks and the spread of resistance, especially in the Amazon due to the relative isolation of cities and difficulties in epidemiological surveillance in the region. In the present work we approach the use of phenotypic and genotypic characterization in Enterobacterial isolates by determining the resistance profile to β -lactam antimicrobials by antibiogram and the search for blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV genes associated with β -lactam resistance. Thus, 88 samples from outpatients from 14 regions in northern Brazil, belonging to the Brazilian Amazon, were analyzed from 2012 to 2014. Of these, Salmonella Typhi (57/64.77%), Salmonella spp. (26/29.54%), Shigella dysenterie (1/1.14%), Shigella sonnei (1/1.14%) and diarrhogenic Escherichia coli (1/1.14%). As for the resistance profile, only Escherichia coli showed resistance to first, second, third and fourth generation penicillins and cephalosporins and the aztreonam monobactamide, the other isolates did not show resistance profile according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards (CLSI) standards. The evaluation of the blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV genes showed positive results only for the blaCTX-M gene in the Escherichia coli sample, with no amplifications being observed in the other analyzed samples. Although resistance was observed in only one sample, the data suggest the circulation of β -lactam resistance genes in Enterobacteria and, therefore, we suggest that continuous resistance evaluation can prevent the spread of β -lactamase-producing Enterobacteria , evidencing the importance of continuous monitoring and efficient strategies to reduce the spread of these agents by preventing outbreaks by resistant strains.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130312257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin B12 Replacement Therapy After Gastrectomy","authors":"Rino Yasushi, Oshima Takashi, Hara Hiroshi, Sato Tsutomu, Yamamoto Naoto, Tamura Shuzou, Amano Shin'ya, Kamiya Mariko, Yoshikawa Takaki, Cho Haruhiko, Yukawa Norio, Masuda Munetaka","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2021.05.000620","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanisms of vitamin B12 absorption has been known widely. The Mechanisms are classified into two mechanisms. One is passive, occurring equally through buccal, duodenal, and ileal mucosa; it is rapid but extremely inefficient, with <1% of an oral dose being absorbed by this process. The other one is active; it occurs through the ileum and is efficient for small oral dose of vitamin B12, and it is mediated be substance named gastric intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is produced in the gastric parietal cells of the fundus and body of the stomach. Between 0.5-5μg of cobalamin excreted with the bile each day. This binds to intrinsic factor, and a major portion of biliary cobalamin normally is reabsorbed together with cobalamin derived from sloughed intestinal cells. Because of the loss of these effective absorption and reabsorption mechanism, vitamin B12 deficiency develops more rapidly after gastrectomy [1,2].","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"832 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116002115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}