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Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease - An Overview 肠道微生物群在健康和疾病-概述
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000531
Shrihari Tg
{"title":"Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease - An Overview","authors":"Shrihari Tg","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000531","url":null,"abstract":"Gut microbiota refers to the population of microorganisms that inhabit the mucous membrane of the intestines of normal healthy persons. The gut microbiota is of vital importance for health as it helps in maintaining the homeostasis. Still, some ecological changes in the microbiota enable pathogens to grow explicitly and cause disease. A grasping of the environment of gut and interactions amongst microbiota guide towards the foremost cause of start of diseases. Our future holistic health depends on maintaining normal gut microbiota rather than treating with reductionist chemical drugs which have many adverse effects and cumbersome. This article briefs about the role of gut microbiota in health and disease.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131121177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Esophageal Tumor 食管肿瘤
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000530
Xia Chen
{"title":"Esophageal Tumor","authors":"Xia Chen","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000530","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to the extremely aggressive nature and poor survival rate, esophageal cancer is referred as to one of the most difficult malignancies, with about 15%-25% for 5-year survival. According to global cancer statistics from International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), esophageal cancer is the 8th most common form cancer and the 6th most common death cause from cancer, accompanying with an estimation of 400,000 deaths in 2012 [1]. The incidence rate of esophageal cancer was considerably high in the northeastern part of West Asia, being the top ranking malignancy [2]. There are two main histological sub-types of esophageal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), which have almost completely distinct geographic patterns, time trends, and primary risk factors. There is high prevalence of ESCC in Asia, with up to 95% cases in China. Otherwise, in Europe and United States the predominant histologic subtype is adenocarcinoma which arises on Barrett’s esophagus. In this review, the epidemiology and risk factors of both, the strategy for detection in early stage, treatment and management will be reviewed briefly. Except that, other types tumor, including which arise from mesenchyme of esophagus will also be concerned.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121626820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Duodenal Metastasis of a Cervical Squamous Cells Carcinoma: Case Report 宫颈鳞状细胞癌十二指肠转移1例
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.31031/GMR.2018.02.000529
Álvaro Bellido Caparó, J. E. Ríos, C. Encinas, Medalith Fuentes Rivera-Quinteros, J. P. Valdivia, Martín Tagle Arróspide
{"title":"Duodenal Metastasis of a Cervical Squamous Cells Carcinoma: Case Report","authors":"Álvaro Bellido Caparó, J. E. Ríos, C. Encinas, Medalith Fuentes Rivera-Quinteros, J. P. Valdivia, Martín Tagle Arróspide","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2018.02.000529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2018.02.000529","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant tumors of the small bowel (SB) represent 1-2% of the neoplasms of the digestive system, and 30 to 50% are adenocarcinomas, more frequently located in the duodenum [1,2]. Other primary tumors of the SB are lymphoma (15-20%), carcinoid tumors (5-24%) and sarcoma. The four mentioned tumors account for 95% of the malignant SB lesions [3]. Kanthan et al. [2] conclude that malignant and benign lesions of the duodenum are rare, and there could be coexistence of those types of tumors, stressing the importance of early diagnosis of malignant lesions for an adequate patient management [2].","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123256982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Is it really Necessary to Eradicate Helicobacter pylori? 真的有必要根除幽门螺杆菌吗?
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-08-27 DOI: 10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000528
F. Fonseca, Jacqueline Batista Sousa, Brenda Junqueira Afonso, Marcela Machado Fonseca, Anderson De Almeida Amaral, Kennio Ferreira Paim
{"title":"Is it really Necessary to Eradicate Helicobacter pylori?","authors":"F. Fonseca, Jacqueline Batista Sousa, Brenda Junqueira Afonso, Marcela Machado Fonseca, Anderson De Almeida Amaral, Kennio Ferreira Paim","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2018.02.000528","url":null,"abstract":"Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes around 50% of world population. It is frequently associated with gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, and in some cases, can favour the development of gastric cancer. After the host colonization, H. pylori can cause chronic infection and disease in less than 10% of symptomatic individuals after several years. Thus, the apparent colonization of H. pylori requires a long time of establishment and the continuous stimulation of the inflammatory response to produce enough histological deterioration for disease expression [1].","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124504921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk factors, Presentation, Diagnosis and Management Factors Associated with Surgery and Death in Ischemic Colitis Patients-A Retrospective Cohort Study 缺血性结肠炎患者手术和死亡相关的危险因素、表现、诊断和治疗因素——一项回顾性队列研究
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-08-26 DOI: 10.31031/gmr.2019.03.000567
Khurram J Khan
{"title":"Risk factors, Presentation, Diagnosis and Management Factors Associated with Surgery and Death in Ischemic Colitis Patients-A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Khurram J Khan","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2019.03.000567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2019.03.000567","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126882379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anti-CTLA-4 Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is There A More Etiological Treatment? Lessons From CTLA-4 Haploinsufficiency 抗ctla -4诱导的炎症性肠病:是否有更多的病因学治疗?CTLA-4单倍不足的教训
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-07-05 DOI: 10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000525
A. Theocharidou, G. Germanidis
{"title":"Anti-CTLA-4 Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is There A More Etiological Treatment? Lessons From CTLA-4 Haploinsufficiency","authors":"A. Theocharidou, G. Germanidis","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000525","url":null,"abstract":"We read with great interest the article by Bamias G et al. [1] entitled “Immunological Characteristics of Colitis Associated with Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Therapy’’ [1], and we would like to address some issues regarding possible future use of a more etiological treatment for this colitis, namely abatacept. The immunological characteristics of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1-related colitis have been up to now poorly described [1,2].","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131907876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Herring Bone Stitch: Knitting to Secure Abdominal Wall Closure for Emergency Midline Laparotomy 鲱鱼骨针:编织在紧急剖腹切开术中确保腹壁闭合
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-06-27 DOI: 10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000524
R. Kothari, Ritu Thakur, D. Sharma, P. Agarwal
{"title":"Herring Bone Stitch: Knitting to Secure Abdominal Wall Closure for Emergency Midline Laparotomy","authors":"R. Kothari, Ritu Thakur, D. Sharma, P. Agarwal","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000524","url":null,"abstract":"Secure abdominal wall closure after any laparotomy is every surgeon’s aim. However, in spite of all scientific advancements, better suture materials and different/ modified closure techniques; 5-26% of patients develop incisional hernia (IH) after midline laparotomy [1-6]. This figure goes further up if high risk groups are analyzed separately or if the follow up is for a period longer than 3 years [7-10]. Surgeons have risen to this challenge and have tried different sutures, techniques and even prophylactic mesh placement; with varying degree of success. We hypothesized that a simple ‘herring bone’ stitch repair can provide secure abdominal wall closure and minimize the incidence of IH in patients undergoing emergency midline laparotomy.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126101857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cyclical Vomiting Syndrome in Children 儿童周期性呕吐综合征
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-06-27 DOI: 10.31031/gmr.2018.01.000523
R. Shrivastava
{"title":"Cyclical Vomiting Syndrome in Children","authors":"R. Shrivastava","doi":"10.31031/gmr.2018.01.000523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/gmr.2018.01.000523","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclic vomiting is considered a variant of migraine, first described by Gee in 1881[1]. Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder characterized by recurrent, discrete, self-limited episodes of vomiting and is defined by symptom-based criteria and the absence of positive laboratory, radiographic, and endoscopic testing [2]. The attacks of vomiting are interspersed with normal periods. The duration of vomiting episodes is from hours to days, with spontaneous resolution if left untreated. The episodic occurrence of emesis may be precipitated by stress and fatigue. The attacks begin in childhood and often wane in frequency with progression into young and middle adult life [3].The differential diagnoses include idiopathic CVS, gastrointestinal disorders, and extraintestinal disorders, including brain stem neoplasm, abdominal epilepsy, and metabolic disorders.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128700317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Role of Hepatitis C Virus in Parkinson’s Disease 丙型肝炎病毒在帕金森病中的作用
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000522
F. Abdulla, H. Jalloh-Vos, Maheeba Abdulla
{"title":"The Role of Hepatitis C Virus in Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"F. Abdulla, H. Jalloh-Vos, Maheeba Abdulla","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000522","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes findings of a review of recent articles related to the possible associations between (viral) hepatitis and Parkinson’s disease. There is growing evidence for an association between Hepatitis C and Parkinson’s disease, while there is conflicting evidence for such an association between Hepatitis B and Parkinson’s disease. More research is needed into the causes of Parkinson’s disease, including its relation to Hepatitis B and C. Implications for clinical practice include regular neurological evaluation of HCV positive patients.","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115053880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hepatocellular Adenoma and IVF 肝细胞腺瘤与体外受精
Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research Pub Date : 2018-06-19 DOI: 10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000521
Michelle Jones-Pauley, Lissa Franco, D. Victor
{"title":"Hepatocellular Adenoma and IVF","authors":"Michelle Jones-Pauley, Lissa Franco, D. Victor","doi":"10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/GMR.2018.01.000521","url":null,"abstract":"One to three percent of live births in the US and Europe are currently brought about with assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) [1]. IVF primarily utilizes fertility hormones, such as LH, FSH and Estrogen to promote ovulation and thus fertility. The effect of estrogen on hepatocellular adenoma (HA) growth is well established through many studies analyzing the relationship between oral contraceptives (OCPs) and hepatocellular adenoma since the 1970s [2-4]. Although they are largely benign, hepatocellular adenomas can have severe consequences such as malignant transformation, rupture, and spontaneous haemorrhage [5]. These neoplasms are associated most commonly with prolonged oral contraceptive use, glycogen storage diseases, and anabolic androgens [6]. However, they can arise in other high-estrogen states, such as pregnancy [7]. Given this association, should women desiring IVF be screened for HA prior to starting IVF treatment?","PeriodicalId":130011,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology: Medicine & Research","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114513031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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