{"title":"Design and Synthesis of O-Dialkylaminoalkyl Substituted Urolithin Derivatives: DNA Topoisomerase IIα Inhibition With Promising Antiproliferative Activity","authors":"Xintong Li, Xiaochun Zhang, Chan Yin, Chunhua Lu, Yuemao Shen","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the pharmacophore structural characteristics of topoisomerase II (TopoII) inhibitors: (i) planar polyaromatic skeleton; (ii) the cation core; (iii) a groove-binding side chain moiety, 16 urolithin derivatives with <i>O</i>-dialkylaminoalkyl substitutions were designed and synthesized. Most of the synthesized compounds showed improved TopoIIα inhibitory and antiproliferative activities. <b>20</b> with the best TopoIIα inhibitory activity also exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 0.91 ± 0.01, 1.93 ± 0.04, and 2.84 ± 0.34 μM against the MDA-MB-231, HeLa, and A549 cell lines, being about 12.55, 3.95, and 2.17 times more active than VP-16 (IC<sub>50</sub> 11.42 ± 0.82, 7.63 ± 0.46, and 6.15 ± 0.43 μM, respectively). Meanwhile, <b>20</b> exhibited weak toxicity to normal cells. In addition, <b>20</b> exerted anti-migration and anti-invasion activity against MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results supported that <b>20</b> might act as TopoIIα inhibitor with the potential to become a new type of antitumor drug lead.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum: Targeting the Isoprenoid Pathway in Choleste Biosynthesis: An Approach to Identify Isoprenoid Biosynthesis Inhibitors","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>by Maximilian Liebl, Florian Olander, Christoph Müller</p><p>In the title of the article published as <i>Arch. Pharm</i>. 2025;358:e2400807, https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400807, the word cholesterol was misrepresented as cholestero. The correct title is:</p><p>Targeting the isoprenoid pathway in cholesterol biosynthesis: An approach to identify isoprenoid biosynthesis inhibitors</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iron Homeostasis and Metabolism During Pregnancy: Exploring Innovative Drug Delivery Approaches for Treating Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnant Women","authors":"Vaishali Joshi, Rajendra Awasthi","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400983","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pregnant women and small children are more prone to anemia. Even among the most affluent and educated portions of society, an estimated 50% of pregnant women, adolescent girls, and youngsters are anemic. This review recapitulates previous findings exploring advancements in anemia management in pregnant women. The published articles were searched using Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Clinical Trials. Primary causes of anemia are an inadequate supply of dietary iron, deficiency of folate due to the lack of vegetable consumption, and thus a lack of vitamin B12, and a lack of dietary iron bioavailability from phytate and fiber-rich diets. When hemoglobin falls below 5 g/dL, the maternal mortality rate multiplies 8–10 times. Early detection and treatment of anemia during pregnancy may minimize maternal mortality, substantially decrease childhood and adolescent nutritional deficiency, and improve adult height. Maternal anemia decreases intrauterine growth, which increases the risk of premature delivery and low birth weight in babies. Intrauterine growth retardation coupled with a low birth weight leads to an inadequate growth trajectory throughout childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Nano-delivery systems stand out as a promising avenue, utilizing nanotechnology to enhance the absorption of iron. These systems offer targeted delivery of iron supplements, overcoming challenges associated with conventional formulations. The exploration of nanotechnology in iron deficiency anemia treatment marks a significant stride toward developing advanced and tailored solutions for improving iron supplementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giada Cernicchi, Alessandra Di Gregorio, Tommaso Felicetti, Elisa Rampacci, Giulia Casari, Tatiana Armeni, Brenda Romaldi, Ermelinda Zefaj, Fabrizio Passamonti, Serena Massari, Giuseppe Manfroni, Maria Letizia Barreca, Oriana Tabarrini, Carla Vignaroli, Stefano Sabatini
{"title":"NorA Efflux Pump Inhibitors: Expanding SAR Knowledge of Pyrazolo[4,3-c][1,2]benzothiazine 5,5-Dioxide Derivatives","authors":"Giada Cernicchi, Alessandra Di Gregorio, Tommaso Felicetti, Elisa Rampacci, Giulia Casari, Tatiana Armeni, Brenda Romaldi, Ermelinda Zefaj, Fabrizio Passamonti, Serena Massari, Giuseppe Manfroni, Maria Letizia Barreca, Oriana Tabarrini, Carla Vignaroli, Stefano Sabatini","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a significant global concern, driven by the overuse of antibiotics. One of the principal mechanisms contributing to AMR is the activity of microbial efflux pumps (EPs), which expel diverse antibiotics out of bacterial cells, thereby rendering them ineffective. Our research aimed to expand the range of molecular classes that inhibit the <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> EP NorA. In this study, starting from the hit compound pyrazolo[4,3-<i>c</i>][1,2]benzothiazine 5,5-dioxide <b>1</b>, previously reported as a NorA efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), we undertook medicinal chemistry efforts, which involved the iterative combination of the design and synthesis of new analogues with data obtained through ethidium bromide efflux inhibition assays. Subsequent synergistic assays with ciprofloxacin (CPX) against the resistant strain SA-1199B led to the identification of three potent compounds (<b>3</b>, <b>10</b>, and <b>19</b>). The evaluation of these compounds in combination with CPX against NorA-overexpressing and NorA-knockout strains (SA-K2378 and SA-K1902, respectively) confirmed that the observed synergy with CPX is dependent on the presence of NorA. Additionally, the combination of NorA EPIs with CPX reduced biofilm production in NorA-overexpressing strains. These findings enhance our understanding of the structure–activity relationship of pyrazolobenzothiazine derivatives and support the use of EtBr efflux assays for rapid NorA inhibitors' identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural Human Antimicrobial Peptides and Female Reproductive Tract Infections","authors":"Tong Cheng, Luming Wu, Jijun Tao, Shiyan Tu, Xue Fan, Yixiang Wang, Yiqing Wang","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Female reproductive tract infections (RTIs) are a major health challenge worldwide and are the leading cause of infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The rising incidence of RTIs highlights their status as a major public health issue. Microbial dysbiosis, particularly bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, constitutes the primary etiological factor disrupting female reproductive health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are evolutionarily conserved host defense molecules that exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against pathogens, as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. This review systematically summarizes the structural diversity, biological sources, and mechanistic pathways of human-derived AMPs in combating RTIs, with a particular emphasis on their therapeutic potential in fertility preservation. Emerging evidence suggests AMPs as promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics in the post-antibiotic era.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hifza Mustafa, Saima Daud, Sabahat Sheraz, Maria Bibi, Tauseef Ahmad, Asma Sardar, Tanzeela Fazal, Asma Khan, Obaid-ur-Rahman Abid
{"title":"The Chemistry and Bioactivity of Mefenamic Acid Derivatives: A Review of Recent Advances","authors":"Hifza Mustafa, Saima Daud, Sabahat Sheraz, Maria Bibi, Tauseef Ahmad, Asma Sardar, Tanzeela Fazal, Asma Khan, Obaid-ur-Rahman Abid","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mefenamic acid (MA) represents an efficient nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for treatment in many circumstances of painful conditions and inflammation, but its poor water solubility and gastrointestinal side effects often obstruct its clinical application. Consequently, researchers have been conducting studies on the synthesis of prodrugs and heterocyclic compounds as MA derivatives for the improvement of their pharmacological profile. This review discusses an overview of recent developments in the synthesis and biological applications of MA derivatives. It covers several strategies used to modify the chemical structure of MA to pursue pharmacokinetic improvement, solubility, and targeting features, among which are heterocyclic moieties and prodrug design. Following the many synthetically produced derivatives of MA, mainly proposed between classic organic synthesis and more recent methodologies, such as microwave-assisted synthesis and green chemistry protocols, this review will consider how different structural variations are able to influence the assumed pharmacological actions: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. The findings demonstrate significant progress toward the development of safer and more effective NSAID therapies; thus, they support, in a broad and unprecedented way, the potential of MA derivatives and prodrugs in transforming the state of pain management and inflammation treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the Phenolics Content in Epilobium angustifolium and Epilobium hirsutum Extracts and Their Pharmacological Activity","authors":"Kateryna Uminska, Michal Korinek, Liudas Ivanauskas, Mohamed El-Shazly, Victoriya Georgiyants, Yu-Li Chen, Monu Kumar Shukla, Sedin Renadi, Tsong-Long Hwang, Fang-Rong Chang, Olha Mykhailenko","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400765","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The recent outbreak of Omicron strains of coronavirus disease urged the search for novel treatments from natural products such as <i>Epilobium</i> species. The present work reports a comparative HPLC-DAD study of the polyphenolic composition of the crude extracts of <i>Epilobium angustifolium</i> and <i>Epilobium hirsutum</i>. Oenothein B, gallic acid, hyperoside, and isoquercitin were the dominant phenolic compounds. <i>E. hirsutum</i> methanol extract showed a high radical scavenging activity as demonstrated by the HPLC-ABTS assay due to its richness in phenolic compounds. The polysaccharide-rich extracts and water extracts of <i>E. hirsutum</i> showed potent anti-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 activity against the Omicron strain at 10 μg/mL with inhibition percentages of 38.4% and 46.1%, respectively. In contrast, the methanol (50% v/v) extract was inactive. Rutin and chlorogenic acid docked well into the binding pocket of the coronavirus spike protein. Emerging evidence suggests that suppressing excessive neutrophilic inflammation during the late stage of coronavirus infection benefits patients’ survival. The methanol extracts of both plants completely inhibited fMLF/CB-induced elastase release in human neutrophils at 10 μg/mL (IC<sub>50</sub> 2.44 μg/mL), while the water extract showed an IC<sub>50</sub> of 5.67 μg/mL. While several compounds docked well into the spike protein, the major and marker compound oenothein B showed promising in vitro anti-coronavirus activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.08 µM in hACE2-overexpressing HEK293 cells, mimicking the entry of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 into human host cells. The results indicated that <i>E. hirsutum</i> might be helpful in the treatment of coronavirus infections and related inflammatory syndromes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis, In Vitro Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel 3,5-Diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Potential hEGFR Inhibitors","authors":"Yakup Kolcuoglu, Olcay Bekircan, Narin Ustalar, Aslı Türe, Atilla Akdemir, Senay Hamarat Sanlier","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>EGFR, an important target in cancer chemotherapy, is an important component of the signaling system that regulates important cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis in response to both internal and external stimuli. Based on this approach, comprehensive modeling studies targeting the EGFR protein were performed, and synthesized molecules were proposed. For this purpose, the synthesis of new 3,5-diphenyl-1<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazole derivatives containing semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide, 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, and 1,2,4-triazole-3-one units was carried out. Among these compounds, <b>6a–6i</b> presented in the present study exhibited EGFR inhibition in the nanomolar range. In addition, molecules <b>5e</b> and <b>6e</b> showed significant IC<sub>50</sub> values. Compound <b>6e</b> showed the closest IC<sub>50</sub> value to gefitinib, a well-known EGFR inhibitor, with its noncompetitive inhibition mode. The <i>K</i><sub>i</sub> value of compound <b>6e</b> was determined as 0.174 µM.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alkyl Tail Variation on Chalcone-Based Quaternary Pyridinium Salts as Rule-of-Thumb for Antimicrobial Activity","authors":"Francesca Seghetti, Riccardo Ocello, Alessandra Bisi, Matteo Masetti, Silvia Gobbi, Federico Falchi, Giovanna Angela Gentilomi, Francesca Bonvicini, Federica Belluti","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aiming at developing a new class of quaternary pyridinium salts, the lead compound <b>1</b>, characterized by a pyridine-3-yl chalcone framework, was rationally modified by inserting alkyl functions varying from 6 to 18 carbon units. Among the set, some valuable lead compounds were identified. Derivatives <b>4</b>–<b>6</b> were primarily active against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>, respectively (MIC = 1.56 and 3.125 μM). In comparison, analogs <b>4</b> and <b>5</b> showed significant activities against <i>Escherichia coli</i> (MIC = 6.25 μM). Interestingly, the antimicrobial property of compounds <b>4</b>–<b>6</b>, as well as their antibiofilm activity, occurred at lower concentrations than their cyto- and erythrocyte toxicities, thus ensuring a favorable safety profile. Structure–activity relationship analysis highlighted the critical role of the alkyl tail length in the antimicrobial activity, and optimal results were observed for moieties ranging from 10 to 14 carbon units. Molecular dynamics studies performed on <b>2</b> and <b>5</b> by modeling them on Gram-positive and Gram-negative membranes showed that the derivatives, upon diffusing across periodic boundary conditions, were able to intercalate into the microbial membranes. The difference in diffusion rates provides useful information to support the diverse antimicrobial potencies of the newly designed quaternary pyridinium salt.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayca Irgit, Reyhan Kamıs, Belgin Sever, Amaç Fatih Tuyun, Masami Otsuka, Mikako Fujita, Hasan Demirci, Halilibrahim Ciftci
{"title":"Structure and Dynamics of the ABL1 Tyrosine Kinase and Its Important Role in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia","authors":"Ayca Irgit, Reyhan Kamıs, Belgin Sever, Amaç Fatih Tuyun, Masami Otsuka, Mikako Fujita, Hasan Demirci, Halilibrahim Ciftci","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abelson (ABL1) tyrosine kinase is an essential component of non-receptor tyrosine kinases and is associated with numerous cellular processes, including differentiation and proliferation. The structural features of ABL1 include a distinct N-terminal cap region, a C-terminal tail, a bilobed kinase, SH2, and SH3 domains. These domains enable its engagement in several signaling cascades and dynamic control. The pathophysiology of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is mainly driven by the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein, arising from dysregulation of ABL1 kinase, namely through its fusion to the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene. ABL1 is a crucial target in the treatment of CML as the BCR-ABL1 fusion causes uncontrolled cellular proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the ABL1 tyrosine kinase are playing a critical role in the treatment of CML through the inhibition of persistently activated signaling pathways mediated by the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. The article examines the structural characteristics of ABL1, how they relate to CML, and the interactions between ABL1 and the current FDA-approved TKIs, emphasizing the kinase's critical function in carcinogenesis and its possible target status for tyrosine kinase inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}