Archiv der Pharmazie最新文献

{"title":"Substituted D-Galactose-Conjugated Thiazole-Thioureas Derivatives as Promising Antidiabetic Agents: Synthesis, In Vitro Inhibition, and Molecular Simulation for α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Protein Glycation, and Oxidative Stress","authors":"Nguyen Dinh Thanh,&nbsp;Vu Ngoc Toan,&nbsp;Duong Ngoc Toan,&nbsp;Vu Minh Trang","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A thiourea series (<b>7a–l</b>) containing 4-arylthiazoles and the <span>d</span>-galactose moiety were synthesized and explored for their multi-target inhibition against α<i>-</i>amylase from porcine pancreas and α<i>-</i>glucosidase from <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. Among these thioureas, <b>7h</b> was the most potent inhibitor for α-amylase (IC₅₀ of 7.84 ± 0.14 μM) and <b>7c</b> was the most potent inhibitor for α-glucosidase (IC₅₀ of 7.15 ± 0.12 μM). These thioureas also exhibited anti-glycation and antioxidant activity. They were noncytotoxic for NIH-3T3 cells. Induced-fit molecular docking study was applied to the two most potential inhibitors <b>7c</b> and <b>7h</b>. Their active interactions with residues in the catalytic pockets of the corresponding studied enzymes, 1OSE and 3TOP, were suitable to their inhibitory potentials against each tested enzyme. The molecular dynamics simulations validated the in vitro data for these compounds whereas the pharmacokinetics profile (ADMET) revealed the druglike properties of potent inhibitors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isoxazole-Based Compounds Targeting the Taxane-Binding Site of Tubulin","authors":"Miroslav Peřina,&nbsp;Márton A. Kiss,&nbsp;Jakub Bělíček,&nbsp;Veronika Vojáčková,&nbsp;Denisa Veselá,&nbsp;Renáta Minorics,&nbsp;István Zupko,&nbsp;Éva Frank,&nbsp;Radek Jorda","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Taxanes and other tubulin-targeting medications are essential for treating advanced malignancies, especially in patients undergoing less aggressive chemotherapy. However, their clinical efficacy is often limited by significant off-target toxicity and adverse side effects. In this study, the synthesis and characterisation of novel steroidal A-ring-fused isoxazoles, which were obtained through iodine-mediated oxidative cyclization of dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-derived α,β-unsaturated oximes, are reported. According to mechanistic studies, the most potent compounds induced mitotic arrest and disrupted cytoskeletal integrity at low micromolar concentrations. The lead compound, <b>2j</b>, notably increased the rate of tubulin polymerisation in vitro and stabilised polymerised tubulin in the cells, leading to a G2/M block of the cell cycle. Molecular docking studies indicated that <b>2j</b> is bound preferably to the taxane site on tubulin, forming conserved interactions. MicroScale Thermophoresis was used to further study this binding and showed a nanomolar <i>K</i>_D for <b>2j</b>. The fact that <b>2j</b> maintained its activity in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cells, demonstrating its ability to circumvent resistance pathways linked to existing therapies with taxane-like drugs, supports its clinical relevance. Therefore, our results encourage additional research and development for its potential therapeutic use in cancer treatment, particularly in resistant cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Acyloxymethylation of Psilocin and Other Tryptamines Yielding ACOM Prodrugs for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy","authors":"Judith Stirn,&nbsp;Christian D. Klein","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acyloxymethyl (ACOM) derivatives of tryptamines such as the psychedelic drug psilocin and the anti-migraine drug sumatriptan bear potential as prodrugs. Previous synthetic approaches suffer from insufficient chemoselectivity between the desired functionalization of the phenolic (psilocin) or sulfonamide (sumatriptan) groups versus other reactive groups in the parent drugs. We report a novel synthetic route toward ACOM prodrugs of tryptamines via the chemoselective installation of a carbamate protecting group at the indole nitrogen by means of a Heller–Sarpong reagent and final deprotection under extremely mild conditions. This enables delicate transformations such as the <i>O</i>-acyloxymethylation of psilocin or the <i>N</i>^<i>2</i>-acyloxymethylation of sumatriptan. Several novel <i>O</i>-ACOM ethers of hydroxytryptamines were obtained and evaluated in vitro for their potential as novel prodrugs for psychedelic therapy. The rate of bioactivation in human plasma may be adjusted to rapid (<i>t</i>_1/2 &lt; 1 min) or slow (<i>t</i>_1/2 &gt; 240 min) kinetics by varying the acyl residue in the ACOM promoiety. Irrespective of the acyl residue, short half-lives in human saliva will likely preclude the sublingual or buccal application of ACOM ether prodrugs of hydroxytryptamines, while other routes such as peroral, transdermal, nasal, or intravenous administration may be pursued.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthetic Strategies for Pyrazole Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Radhika Kachhadiya,&nbsp;Drashti Shah,&nbsp;Apurva Prajapati,&nbsp;Ashish Patel","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pyrazole derivatives have emerged as a vital class of heterocyclic compounds due to their wide range of biological activities and promising therapeutic applications. In recent years, the shift toward greener and more sustainable chemical practices has fueled interest in the eco-friendly synthesis of pyrazole-based molecules. This review presents recent advancements in the green synthesis of pyrazole scaffolds, with a special focus on methods that avoid hazardous reagents, employ green solvents, utilize renewable energy sources, and incorporate recyclable catalysts. Emphasis is placed on synthetic strategies that are not only efficient and high-yielding but also operationally simple, atom-economical, and environmentally benign. Mechanistic insights into selected reactions are also provided to illustrate functional group tolerance and reaction efficiency. Overall, this review captures the growing role of green chemistry in heterocyclic synthesis and highlights its significance in developing sustainable pathways for pyrazole derivatives, serving as a valuable reference for researchers in both academia and industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Antineoplastic Profile of Vitexin 2″-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranoside From Cordyline australis (G.Frost.): Isolation and Constituent Profiling","authors":"Mona A. Raslan,&nbsp;Marwa M. Mounier,&nbsp;Rehab F. Taher","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Cordyline australis</i> (G.Forst.) Endl. Red Star leaves have been used in traditional medicine for several disorders. This study investigated the anticancer potential of <i>C. australis</i> leaves extract and characterized its bioactive constituents. Three compounds, a steroidal saponin, fruticoside K <b>23</b>, and two flavonoids, vitexin 2″-<i>O</i>-<i>α</i>-<span>l</span>-rhamnopyranoside <b>35</b> and helichrysoside <b>68</b>, were isolated and identified from its aqueous methanolic extract (CAME) using column chromatography. Seventy-nine additional compounds were tentatively identified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis and The Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS-MN), with 57 compounds reported for the first time in the <i>Cordyline</i> genus. CAME and its isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity by MTT assay against seven different cancer cell lines. Vitexin 2″-<i>O</i>-<i>α</i>-<span>l</span>-rhamnopyranoside <b>35</b> exhibited significant cytotoxicity against HCT-116 colon cancer cells. Additionally, CAME, fruticoside K <b>23</b>, and vitexin 2″-<i>O</i>-<i>α</i>-<span>l</span>-rhamnopyranoside <b>35</b> demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against osteosarcoma (HOS) cells. Afterwards, the safety profile of CAME and all the isolated compounds were examined upon human normal cells BJ-1. At 100 μg/mL, CAME and all isolated compounds showed a safe response on human normal BJ-1 cells (0.6%–8.5% cytotoxicity). Vitexin 2″-<i>O</i>-<i>α</i>-<span>l</span>-rhamnopyranoside <b>35</b> possessed the most significant selective anticancer response on osteosarcoma cells (HOS), with the least IC₅₀ value of 43.7 μg/mL. It induced apoptosis in HOS cells by modulating Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 expression and caused G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. These results highlight <i>C. australis</i> as a source of potential anticancer agents, particularly vitexin 2″-<i>O</i>-<i>α</i>-<span>l</span>-rhamnopyranoside <b>35</b>, which warrants further investigation for its therapeutic potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Synthesis, In Vitro, and In Silico Studies of 5-(Diethylamino)-2-Formylphenyl Naphthalene-2-Sulfonate Based Thiosemicarbazones as Potent Anti-Alzheimer Agents","authors":"Urva Farooq,&nbsp;Muhammad Islam,&nbsp;Zahra Batool,&nbsp;Suraj N. Mali,&nbsp;Rahul D. Jawarkar,&nbsp;Shailesh S. Gurav,&nbsp;Rima D. Alharthy,&nbsp;Halil Şenol,&nbsp;Nastaran Sadeghian,&nbsp;Parham Taslimi,&nbsp;Zahid Shafiq,&nbsp;Silvia Schenone","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known as one of the more devastating neurodegenerative diseases diagnosed in older people. Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) can be used as an effective palliative treatment for AD. An extensive range of new biologically active 4-(diethylamino) salicylaldehyde-based thiosemicarbazone derivatives <b>5(a–u)</b> was synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of cholinesterase (ChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes. 2,3-Dichloro-substituted compound <b>5u</b> was the most potent inhibitor of AChE and MAO-A with IC₅₀ values of 12.89 and 96.25 nM, respectively. In contrast, the 2,3-dichlorophenyl-substituted compound <b>5a</b> was the most powerful inhibitor of BChE, with an IC₅₀ value of 124.72 nM. Structure–activity analysis revealed that the electron-withdrawing substituents on the phenyl ring play a crucial role in the inhibition potential of synthesized compounds. Compound <b>5a</b> showed the strongest binding with 4BDS (−11.3 kcal/mol) via hydrogen bonds and π-interactions. Compound <b>5u</b> exhibited high affinity with 1B41 (−8.2 kcal/mol), 2Z5X (−8.6 kcal/mol), and 2V5Z (−7.8 kcal/mol), forming key hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and π-interactions, highlighting its multi-target potential. In silico ADME, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness studies were conducted and compared with the standard drugs galantamine and clorgyline.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combating Drug-Resistant Protozoal Infections: A Review of Emerging Therapeutics","authors":"Anju A. Tom,&nbsp;Sreya A. Sunilkumar,&nbsp;Ahammed A. Thottasseri,&nbsp;Tharanikkarasu Kannan","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Protozoal infections remain a significant global health burden despite significant progress in understanding these infections in recent years due to the continuing emergence of multidrug resistance among protozoal parasites. This review focuses on recent innovations in protozoal disease treatment aimed at combating this growing challenge of drug resistance. The escalating prevalence of multidrug resistance among protozoal parasites, especially those responsible for widespread diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis, is rapidly emerging as a grave threat to human health worldwide. This resistance undermines the efficacy of existing treatments, making it imperative to develop and explore novel therapeutic approaches. Diverse strategies, including the concept of hybrid drugs, the development of advanced analogs of existing drugs, and drug repurposing, have been employed to counter drug resistance by outmaneuvering the evolution of resistant parasites and restoring the effectiveness of treatments. In this review, we delve into the significant findings reported between 2020 and 2024, with the aim of providing an overview of the state of protozoal disease treatment, highlighting the progress made, exploring promising avenues for tackling these devastating diseases, and offering insights into future directions for overcoming the persistent challenge of drug resistance. Given that the emergence of drug resistance calls for a multifaceted approach to address protozoal infections, long-term success depends on interdisciplinary research collaborations, equitable access to treatment, and appropriate drug resistance surveillance, in addition to the advancement of research and the development of therapeutic strategies described in this review.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Coumestans in Cancer Therapy With Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Potential","authors":"MD Tameem Tabbasum,&nbsp;Subashini R","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coumestans are natural phytoestrogens with strong therapeutic potential for inhibiting hormone-induced cancers, such as breast, ovarian, and prostate malignancies. They regulate many signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT pathways. Challenges regarding the clinical application of coumestans include their poor bioavailability and distribution, rapid metabolic rate, low water solubility, and formulation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the anticancer mechanisms of a few important coumestan derivatives, namely coumestrol, wedelolactone, isofraxidin, and psoralidin. Methods for increasing the coumestan efficacy via synthetic biology, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence are described in this review. To bridge the gap between bench to bedside, future directions should focus on emphasizing clinical validation and developing targeted delivery systems to understand the therapeutic potential of coumestans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure–Activity Relationships of Inactive-Conformation Binding EGFR Inhibitors: Linking the ATP and Allosteric Pockets","authors":"Surbhi P. Chitnis,&nbsp;Florian Wittlinger,&nbsp;Mareike Möllers,&nbsp;Tyler J. Hartman,&nbsp;Marcel Günther,&nbsp;Michael J. Eck,&nbsp;Stefan A. Laufer,&nbsp;David E. Heppner","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase is an important therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the continual emergence of resistance mutations in the treatment of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC with currently approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors warrants the development of next-generation inhibitors. Since research for ATP-competitive EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that extend into the back pocket has been neglected in the recent past, we survey the extent to which such binding functional groups can be incorporated into an ATP-site imidazole scaffold. We find that <i>meta</i>-substituted amide linkers derivatized with fluorine in 2,6-positions and/or a hydroxy group in 3-position of the back pocket phenyl exhibit the highest potency. Structural insights into how the back pocket groups are bound through points of connection provide new directions for the discovery and optimization of inactive conformation targeting agents in EGFR and other kinases.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ardp.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eriodictyol and Diosmetin Protective Potential in Skin Infection: Antimicrobial Action, Gene and Molecular Targets, and Keratinocyte Protection Against Bacteria-Induced Damage","authors":"Tamara Carević Milićević,&nbsp;Katarina Novović,&nbsp;Dejan Stojković,&nbsp;Marina Kostić,&nbsp;Eftichia Kritsi,&nbsp;Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis,&nbsp;Marija Ivanov","doi":"10.1002/ardp.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eriodictyol and diosmetin are bioactive flavonoids. This study explored their antimicrobial activities and antibiofilm potential along with the effect on pyocyanin and protease production and virulence-linked gene expression, followed by <i>in silico</i> molecular target predictions. Moreover, keratinocytes were used for the evaluation of cytotoxicity and protective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the infected cells. Both compounds have shown significant antibacterial capacity towards skin pathogens (minimal inhibitory concentrations 0.025–0.2 mg/mL). Their ability to prevent biofilm formation of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> was drastic, as well as the impact on other virulence factors, proteases, and pyocyanin production. RT-qPCR determined downregulation of almost all genes examined (<i>lasI</i>, <i>lasR</i>, <i>lasB</i>, <i>rhlI</i>, <i>rhlR</i>, <i>rhlC</i>, <i>pqsH</i>, <i>pqsR</i>, <i>pvdS</i>, <i>pvdF</i>, <i>phzM</i>, and <i>algK</i>), while molecular docking predicted strong binding affinities to the LasI, LasR, PqsR, and QscR quorum-sensing proteins. Moreover, both compounds were not toxic to HaCaT and were able to reduce damage induced by <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in this cell line. Precisely, eriodictyol reduced levels of secreted IL-6 (from 335.32 to 261.76 pg), while both compounds reduced the formation of superoxide. Both eriodictyol and diosmetin displayed remarkable antimicrobial potential while employing a wide array of antimicrobial mechanisms, making them attractive candidates for further assessment and eventual incorporation into novel therapeutic strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}