{"title":"The role of the sulfaguanidine molecular scaffold in drug design and development.","authors":"Hamada S Abulkhair","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing new molecular entities is one of the most emerging research areas in the field of Medicinal Chemistry. Over the past few years, rigorous research has been conducted on sulfaguanidine-linked synthetic molecules because of their promising potential in several biological activities. Sulfaguanidine has been actively incorporated in the design of anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiparkinsonian, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral candidates. The construction of these effective candidates has adopted many chemical approaches. A number of the prepared compounds displayed promising results that merit further investigations for the development of new medications. This review summarizes the different chemical strategies and the reported activities for sulfaguanidine-linked synthetic molecules throughout 2020-2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":" ","pages":"e2400802"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lactonase activity of α-carbonic anhydrases allows identification of novel inhibitors.","authors":"Simone Giovannuzzi, Claudiu T Supuran","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactones, a diverse and abundant class of molecules found in nature, exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antibacterial effects. Among them, acyl homoserine lactones (AHSLs) play a crucial role in quorum sensing, influencing bacterial pathogenicity and biofilm formation in Gram-negative bacteria. Paraoxonases (PONs), calcium-containing enzymes known for their lactonase activity, have been shown to hydrolyze AHSLs and reduce the biofilm formation of several pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we explored the potential lactonase activity of a class of zinc(II) enzymes, the carbonic anhydrases (CAs), aiming to uncover new insights into their catalytic versatility. Using LC-MS and MS/MS analyses, we investigated the lactonase activity of CAs and assessed several lactones through a stopped-flow kinetic assay as substrates/inhibitors. Our findings reveal that lactones are novel \"prodrug\" inhibitors of CAs, with lactones DHC and 6 showing the most promising inhibition constants (K<sub>I</sub>s) in the low micromolar range against both human and bacterial isozymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":" ","pages":"e2400705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahao Li, Hanan Hassan Ahmed, Ali M. Hussein, Mandeep Kaur, Mohammed Khaleel Jameel, Harpreet Kaur, Umida Tillaeva, Ali Fawzi Al-Hussainy, Hayder Naji Sameer, Huda Ghassan Hameed, Ameer Hassan Idan, Fahad Alsaikhan, Asghar Narmani, Bagher Farhood
{"title":"Advances in polysaccharide-based materials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications: A comprehensive review","authors":"Jiahao Li, Hanan Hassan Ahmed, Ali M. Hussein, Mandeep Kaur, Mohammed Khaleel Jameel, Harpreet Kaur, Umida Tillaeva, Ali Fawzi Al-Hussainy, Hayder Naji Sameer, Huda Ghassan Hameed, Ameer Hassan Idan, Fahad Alsaikhan, Asghar Narmani, Bagher Farhood","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400854","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ardp.202400854","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polysaccharides, the most abundant biopolymers in nature, have attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians due to its practicality in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences. These biomaterials have high bioavailability and play structural and functional roles in living organisms. Polysaccharides are classified into several groups based on their origin, including plant polysaccharides and marine polysaccharides (like chitosan, hyaluronic acid, dextran, alginates, etc.) with specific applications. These biopolymers possess unique physicochemical (such as surface functional groups, solubility, and stability), mechanical (like mechanical strength and tensile), and biomedical (such as antioxidant activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, renewability, and non-immunogenicity) characteristics which have made them excellent platforms for a wide variety of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Ease of extraction and different preparation approaches are mentioned as other potential properties of polysaccharides that further improved their practicality in biomedical sciences. They have high drug/bioactive encapsulation capacity and sustained/controlled release manner in in vivo microenvironments. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation, stimuli-responsive drug/bioactive release, and passive and active drug/bioactive delivery are considered the potential features of these biopolymers in pharmaceutical sciences. Polysaccharides have indicated practical applications in biomedical sciences, including biosensors, tissue engineering, implantation, wound healing, vascular grafting, and vaccines. This review highlights the advances of polysaccharide-based materials in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":"358 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rania M Salama, Rana Yehia, Noura F Elmongy, Al Aliaa Sallam, Mona M Abd-Elgalil, Mona F Schaalan, Mona M A Abdel-Mottaleb, Lamyaa S Bazan
{"title":"Evaluation of betanin-loaded liposomal nanocarriers in AlCl<sub>3</sub>-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats: Impact on cognitive function, neurodegeneration, and TREM2/ADAM10 pathways.","authors":"Rania M Salama, Rana Yehia, Noura F Elmongy, Al Aliaa Sallam, Mona M Abd-Elgalil, Mona F Schaalan, Mona M A Abdel-Mottaleb, Lamyaa S Bazan","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Betanin (BET) has been studied for its therapeutic benefits in various diseases, but its low bioavailability and uncertain brain penetration limit its efficacy. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore BET-loaded liposomal nanocarriers (LPN) as a novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD), focusing on the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)/DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa (DAP12) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathways implicated in AD. In an AlCl<sub>3</sub>-induced AD rat model, 48 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, AlCl<sub>3</sub> (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), AlCl<sub>3</sub>+BET (100 mg/kg, per os), and AlCl<sub>3</sub>+BET LPN (25 mg/kg, intranasally), with treatments administered for 28 days. Morris water maze test and histopathological examination showed that BET LPN-treated rats had improved spatial and learning memory and less hippocampal and cortical degeneration compared with the AlCl<sub>3</sub> and oral BET groups. Mechanistically, BET LPN treatment corrected AD biomarkers, increased miR-132 and ADAM10 expression, and reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Additionally, BET LPN treatment suppressed the expression of TREM2, DAP12, ERK1/2, and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2), showing greater improvement than oral BET. These findings suggest that BET LPN enhances cognitive function and neuroprotection in AD by modulating miR-132 and ADAM10 and inhibiting ERK1/2 and TREM2/DAP12 pathways, providing a more effective treatment compared with traditional oral BET administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":" ","pages":"e2400641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nesma Khaled, Nehal Ibrahim, Fadia S Youssef, Sherweit H El-Ahmady
{"title":"Seasonal metabolic variation in the essential oil composition of various Tabebuia species and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in silico.","authors":"Nesma Khaled, Nehal Ibrahim, Fadia S Youssef, Sherweit H El-Ahmady","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The seasonal variation in essential oil from four Tabebuia species, T. impetiginosa, T. rosea, T. argentea, and T. guayacan, was explored using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 90 components were tentatively identified. Among the four Tabebuia species, the most predominant components in spring were phytol (67.5%), limonene (50.1%), (Z,Z,Z)-7,10,13-hexadecatrienal (67.5%), and 1-octen-3-ol (80.4%), respectively. Chemometric discrimination of the four Tabebuia species was performed employing principal component analysis, which classified the samples into three main clusters while the rest of the samples were scattered in the whole plot. The season of collection impact on essential oils composition and yield was illustrated. 5-Lipooxygenase inhibitory effect of spring season essential oils was assessed, showing that all essential oils exhibited certain inhibition, where T. rosea showed the most potent effect, exhibiting an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 1.8 μg/mL, compared to the standard zileuton (0.68 μg/mL). Moreover, an in silico molecular docking study was performed for the predominant metabolites against the 5-LOX active pocket. Among all the docked compounds, eicosane showed the best fitting score, then norphytane, with ∆G of -38.39 and -29.77 kcal/mol, respectively. Thus, Tabebuia species could offer a natural and relatively safe anti-inflammatory candidate that requires further clinical trials to be supported.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":" ","pages":"e2400710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of potentially causative drugs associated with hypotension: A scoping review.","authors":"Nurunnisa Sari, Ulrich Jaehde, Anna Maria Wermund","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-induced hypotension can be harmful and may lead to hospital admissions. The occurrence of hypotension during drug therapy is preventable through increased awareness. This scoping review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of antihypertensive and nonantihypertensive drugs associated with hypotension in adults. A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library, focusing on studies from January 2013 to May 2023. Search terms were developed to capture key concepts related to hypotension and adverse drug events in adults while excluding terms related to allergic reactions, phytotherapy and studies involving paediatric, pregnant or animal populations. The eligibility criteria included a wide range of study types evaluating hypotension as an adverse drug event across all healthcare settings. Relevant information was extracted from the included studies, while identified drugs associated with hypotension were categorised into drug classes. The review was reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. In 97 eligible studies, we identified 26 antihypertensive drugs grouped into nine different antihypertensive classes and 158 other drugs grouped into 22 other drug classes. Common antihypertensive classes were angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta blockers and diuretics. Frequently reported nonantihypertensive classes were neuroleptics, alpha-1 blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia, benzodiazepines, opioids and antidepressants. The results highlight the importance of healthcare professionals being aware of nonantihypertensive drugs that can cause hypotension. This review provides a basis for future systematic reviews to explore dose-dependence, drug-drug interactions and confounding factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":" ","pages":"e2400564"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco Maqueda-Zelaya, Lara Valiño-Rivas, Ana Milián, Sara Gutiérrez, José Luis Aceña, Javier Garcia-Marin, Mª Dolores Sánchez-Niño, Juan J Vaquero, Alberto Ortiz
{"title":"Identification and study of new NF-κB-inducing kinase ligands derived from the imidazolone scaffold.","authors":"Francisco Maqueda-Zelaya, Lara Valiño-Rivas, Ana Milián, Sara Gutiérrez, José Luis Aceña, Javier Garcia-Marin, Mª Dolores Sánchez-Niño, Juan J Vaquero, Alberto Ortiz","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health concern, projected to be a major cause of death by 2040, due to an increasing risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Systems biology-derived data suggest that the unmet need for an orally available drug to treat AKI and improve CKD outcomes may be addressed by targeting kidney inflammation and, specifically, nuclear factor κB-inducing kinase (NIK), a key signaling molecule that activates the noncanonical nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. We have prepared and identified a small family of imidazolone derivatives that bind NIK and inhibit the noncanonical NF-κB activation pathway. The introduction of heterocyclic substituents in position 2 of the imidazolone core provides compounds with affinity against human NIK. Three candidates, with best affinity profile, were tested in phenotypic experiments of noncanonical NF-κB activation, confirming that the derivative bearing the 4-pyridyl ring can inhibit the processing of NFκB p100 to NFkB2 p52, which is NIK-dependent in cultured kidney tubular cells. Finally, exhaustive docking calculations combined with molecular dynamics studies led us to propose a theoretical binding mode and rationalize affinity measures, in which the aminopyridine motif is a key anchoring point to the hinge region thanks to several hydrogen bonds and the interaction of heterocyclic rings in position 2 with Ser476 and Lys482. Our result will pave the way for the development of potential drug candidates targeting NIK in the context of CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":" ","pages":"e2400614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phenol (bio)isosteres in drug design and development.","authors":"Calvin Dunker, Katja Schlegel, Anna Junker","doi":"10.1002/ardp.202400700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ardp.202400700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to their versatile properties, phenolic compounds are integral to various biologically active molecules, including many pharmaceuticals. However, their application in drug design is often hindered by issues such as poor oral bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and potential toxicity. This review explores the use of phenol bioisosteres-structurally similar compounds that can mimic the biological activity of phenols while potentially offering improved drug-like properties. We provide an extensive analysis of various phenol bioisosteres, including benzimidazolones, benzoxazolones, indoles, quinolinones, and pyridones, highlighting their impact on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of drugs. Case studies illustrate the successful application of these bioisosteres in enhancing metabolic stability, receptor selectivity, and overall therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges associated with phenol bioisosterism, such as maintaining potency and avoiding undesirable side effects. By offering a detailed examination of current strategies and potential future directions, this review serves as a valuable resource for medicinal chemists seeking to optimize phenolic scaffolds in drug development. The insights provided herein aim to facilitate the design of more effective and safer therapeutic agents through strategic bioisosteric modifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":128,"journal":{"name":"Archiv der Pharmazie","volume":" ","pages":"e2400700"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}