Hearing Research最新文献

{"title":"Cochlear health alters the polarity effect and spike-initiation sites in guinea pigs","authors":"Wiebke Konerding ,&nbsp;Julie Arenberg ,&nbsp;Andrej Kral ,&nbsp;Peter Baumhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While cochlear implants (CIs) historically use cathodic-leading pulses for stimulation, studies in humans found that anodic-leading pulses are perceived louder than cathodic-leading ones. Modeling studies proposed that cathodic pulses excite the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) more peripherally than anodic pulses. Thus, the anodic-benefit in human CI listeners is thought to reflect degenerated peripheral processes.</div><div>We used an animal model to test the contributions of peripheral dendrites and central axons of SGNs to polarity-effectiveness in CI stimulation. We mechanically lesioned the SGN (∼400 µm diameter; <em>n</em> = 18 cochleae) and introduced a 9-day degeneration time (<em>n</em> = 13 cochleae) to mimic human SGN degeneration. These lesions were compared to 20 control ears. We stimulated via a guinea-pig adjusted CI with symmetric, biphasic pulses (monopolar mode) of alternating leading-phase polarity (50µs/phase). Electrically-evoked compound action potential recordings to anodic- and cathodic-leading pulses were separated in the analysis to calculate the polarity effect.</div><div>We confirmed the cathodic-benefit for cochleae with healthy SGN (lower threshold, larger amplitudes, dynamic ranges, and steeper slopes). Longer latencies (50–70µs) to cathodic than anodic monophasic and biphasic pulses confirmed the proposed peripheral (cathodic) and central (anodic) spike-initiation sites. The cathodic benefit persisted after acute lesioning, which prolonged latencies for anodic- but not for cathodic-leading pulses – consistent with remaining structures being excited by both polarities. After chronic degeneration, the threshold showed polarity-specific changes, leading to an anodic-benefit.</div><div>The observed decline in cathodic-effectiveness with reduced neural health confirmed theoretical considerations for human CI users with stimulus-polarity and degeneration-type dependent changes in spike-initiation site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"465 ","pages":"Article 109341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can cognitive performance predict individual differences in speech recognition at a cocktail party?","authors":"Xianhui Wang ,&nbsp;Antoinette Abdelmalek ,&nbsp;Cindy Hoang-Tran ,&nbsp;Leo Li Tang Meller ,&nbsp;Fan-Gang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although cognition is widely assumed to contribute to speech recognition at a cocktail party, the empirical evidence supporting this assumption is surprisingly limited. One reason for this lack of evidence is that cognitive contributions are often tangled with confounding factors such as age and hearing loss. Another reason is that while speech recognition is measured in various backgrounds, cognitive performance is typically measured only in a quiet background. To address these two issues, we measured speech recognition and cognitive performance in both a steady-state noise background and a two-talker babble background in 50 young adults with normal hearing (30 females). To minimize auditory masking, we presented the auditory stimuli for selective attention and digit span tasks to one ear and the background to the other ear. We found that the individual variance in speech recognition was three times greater in the babble background than in the noise background. Compared to the quiet background, noise had no effect but babble degraded performance in selective attention and digit span tasks. Correlation and regression analyses showed that cognitive performance did not significantly contribute to speech-in-noise recognition (r² = 0–11 %), but it explained 26–68 % of the variance in speech-in-babble recognition, with the greatest variance explained when cognitive performance was measured in the babble background. The present study demonstrates that under controlled conditions, cognitive performance can predict individual differences in speech recognition at a simulated cocktail party.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"465 ","pages":"Article 109342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic change in human utricles after aminoglycoside-induced hair cell ablation: Dynamic alterations to hair cell and supporting cell genes","authors":"Camilla Boschian ,&nbsp;Andrew Forge ,&nbsp;Michael Lovett ,&nbsp;Jonathan E. Gale ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Jagger","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Losing sensory hair cells from the mammalian inner ear results in deafness and balance disorders. A major cause of acquired hair cell loss is the use of ototoxic drugs, including aminoglycoside antibiotics. Aminoglycosides are commonly prescribed, and are highly effective and cheap, but they specifically kill hair cells. In mammals, the capacity to regenerate hair cells is extremely limited, with only a small fraction being replaced in the vestibular system. Therefore, the functional deficits arising from their loss are permanent. To date there are no therapeutic strategies to prevent hair cell loss or restore them. Whilst most studies in this area have focused on murine or avian models, these may not fully recapitulate the complexity of human disease. Improved understanding of the underlying pathology and of how human tissues respond to ototoxic damage are essential to develop successful therapies. This study aims to fill this gap by describing how human vestibular sensory epithelia respond to aminoglycosides at a transcriptional level, and to identify genes linked to hair cell regeneration. The transcriptomic signature of gentamicin-damaged epithelia was characterised using a publicly-available RNAseq dataset. Particular attention was given to supporting cell-specific genes since these cells are essential for repair of the epithelial lesions resulting from hair cell loss, and for hair cell regeneration. As such they represent targets for therapies aimed towards repopulating damaged inner ear epithelia. The analysis revealed significant changes in adherens junction genes following hair cell loss, and identified genes potentially involved in the spontaneous formation of hair bundles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"465 ","pages":"Article 109339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring applications of electrically evoked compound action potentials using the vestibulo-cochlear implant","authors":"Stan C.J. van Boxel ,&nbsp;Bernd L. Vermorken ,&nbsp;Benjamin Volpe ,&nbsp;Nils Guinand ,&nbsp;Angélica Perez-Fornos ,&nbsp;Elke M.J. Devocht ,&nbsp;Raymond van de Berg","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Vestibulo-cochlear implants are a potential treatment approach for patients with loss of vestibular function. A critical aspect is the development of reliable and objective outcome measures, to assess their efficacy and optimize their performance. As in cochlear implant care and other neural prostheses, electrically evoked compound action potentials (eCAP) can be used to measure the neural response to implant stimulation. eCAPs might provide information about the presence and misalignment of the electrically evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex, and potential vestibulo-cochlear interactions. This could be valuable in intra-operative functionality assessment, as input for fitting, and to measure spread of excitation. This study aimed to explore the potential role of eCAPs in vestibulo-cochlear implant research.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>eCAPs were measured in ten subjects with a vestibulo-cochlear implant. Different configurations were used, i.e., trans-canal, vestibulo-cochlear and cochleo-vestibular. The predictive value of eCAPs was evaluated for four outcomes: presence of an electrically evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex (eVOR), degree of misalignment of the eVOR, auditory perception due to vestibular stimulation, and the prevalence of vestibular activation due to cochlear stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated a high positive predictive value of the eCAP for the presence of an eVOR (i.e., 1.0), while the negative predictive value was low (i.e., 0.54). The presence of trans-canal eCAP did not correspond with the degree of misalignment in the eVOR. Furthermore, the predictive values for auditory perception were low (i.e., ≤0.5). eCAP recordings in the cochlea to vestibular configuration imply a high likelihood of cochlear to vestibular interaction (i.e., 67% of electrodes).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The presence of a vestibular eCAP was demonstrated to be a predictor of the presence of the eVOR. However, the low negative predictive value prevents the eCAP from providing a reliable indicator for intra-operative electrode position evaluation. eCAP measurements in vestibulo-cochlear configurations indicated that spread of excitation between the cochlea and canals is already possible at stimulation levels within the clinical fitting range of both the vestibular and cochlear electrodes. Measured eCAPs did not correspond with misalignment of the eVOR or the presence of an auditory percept as result of vestibular stimulation. Future research is needed to elucidate the full potential of vestibulo-cochlear implant eCAP measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 109326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of phase-locked neural responses to cochlear-implant stimulation from multiple stages of the auditory system","authors":"Dorothée Arzounian ,&nbsp;François Guérit ,&nbsp;John M. Deeks ,&nbsp;Charlotte Garcia ,&nbsp;Evelien de Groote ,&nbsp;Manohar Bance ,&nbsp;Robert P. Carlyon","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies investigating objective measures of auditory perception when using cochlear implants (CIs) differ in the stimuli used and in the neural response measured. The present study aims to disentangle the effects of response type and of stimulus type on neural response properties. We report three measures corresponding with separate neural latencies, all collected from the same 19 CI recipients and with the same stimulus, consisting of a continuous low-rate electrical pulse train of about 40 pulses per second (pps). These measures comprise the electrically evoked compound action potential (eCAP), auditory brainstem response (eABR), and auditory steady-state response (eASSR), having putative neural generators in peripheral (auditory nerve), subcortical (brainstem), and thalamo-cortical auditory regions, respectively. When assessing correlations across CI recipients, we found that the growth of eASSR amplitude with stimulus level was correlated with that of eCAP amplitude and predictive of the just-noticeable-to-comfortable electrical dynamic range, as measured through behavioral loudness scaling. Additionally, we compared eASSRs measured with the ∼40-pps stimulus and with a high-rate (500-pps) pulse train modulated in amplitude at rates around 40 Hz, and found that both showed similar recipient-specific effects of stimulation rate on response phase and amplitude. Our results highlight that neural responses to different electrical stimuli and at different central processing stages share common idiosyncratic properties, and support the validity of eASSRs for loudness-growth estimation in CI recipients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 109338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitizing audiograms with deep learning: structured data extraction and pseudonymization for hearing big data","authors":"Sunghwa You ,&nbsp;Chanbeom Kwak ,&nbsp;Chul Young Yoon ,&nbsp;Young Joon Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>hearing loss relies on pure-tone audiometry (PTA); however, audiograms are often stored as unstructured images, limiting their integration into electronic medical records (EMRs) and common data models (CDMs). This study developed a deep learning-based system to digitize audiograms, enabling the structured and numerical conversion of data for large-scale hearing big data collection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to extract numerical frequency and threshold values from audiograms. The system consists of four modules: preprocessing, pattern classification, image analysis, and post-processing. Optical character recognition (OCR) was employed to extract patient data, which were then pseudonymized to prevent leakage of personal and sensitive information. The model was trained using 8847 audiometric symbols and tested using 2443 symbols.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The model achieved accuracy of 95.01 % and 98.18 % for the right and left ears, respectively. It processed audiograms 17.72 times faster than manual digitization, reducing processing time from 63.27 s to 3.57 s per audiogram. The structured data format allows seamless integration into big data and CDMs, ensuring compliance with pseudonymization and anonymization protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The model improves data accessibility and scalability for both clinical and research applications. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on classification or prediction, this framework ensures a structured numerical data output while adhering to data pseudonymization regulations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This deep learning-based system enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of audiogram digitization, facilitating the construction of hearing big data, integration with CDMs, AI-driven diagnostics, and large-scale hearing data analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 109337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the cocktail-party problem: Do children use their exquisite hearing at frequencies above 8 kHz?","authors":"Anu Nair ,&nbsp;Srikanta K Mishra ,&nbsp;Sajana Aryal ,&nbsp;Qian-jie Fu ,&nbsp;John J. Galvin 3rd","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to segregate speech streams in challenging listening environments, often referred to as the \"cocktail party effect,\" is critical for children learning effective communication, especially in noisy classroom settings. This developmental process, influenced by factors such as hearing sensitivity, cognitive abilities, and acoustic cues, has not been thoroughly examined in relation to hearing at frequencies above 8 kHz, to which children are exquisitely more sensitive than adults. This represents a critical gap, as emerging studies reveal the significant detrimental effects of filtering out this information. The present study investigated the functional role of extended high-frequency (EHF) sensitivity in speech stream segregation in normal-hearing children aged 4–14 years. Using digit triplets to reduce cognitive load, performance on speech tasks were measured across four segregation cue conditions: baseline (co-located, talker-sex matched), talker-sex cue (talker-sex mismatched), spatial cue (spatially separated target and maskers), and combined (talker-sex cue and spatial cue). Results demonstrate that EHF sensitivity uniquely contributes to improved SRTs in baseline and talker-sex cue conditions, underscoring its importance in situations where talker-specific cues are crucial for stream segregation. However, EHF sensitivity did not influence SRTs in the spatial or combined cue conditions, nor did it significantly affect release from masking in any conditions. These findings suggest that while EHF sensitivity plays a key role in segregating speech streams, its contribution may be less prominent when salient spatial cues are available. This research highlights the importance of EHF sensitivity in children for utilization of talker-specific cues when segregating competing speech in complex listening environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 109327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does simple impedance reflect intrascalar tissue in the implanted cochlea?","authors":"Deborah J. Colesa,&nbsp;Katie L. Colesa,&nbsp;Yuki Low,&nbsp;Donald L. Swiderski,&nbsp;Yehoash Raphael,&nbsp;Bryan E. Pfingst","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A potential threat to the long-term preservation of electrical and acoustical hearing in cochlear implant patients is the development of fibrous tissue and bone in the scala tympani. Simple impedance measures (impedance = voltage/current; <em>Z</em> = <em>V</em>/I), which are commonly used as a non-invasive test of implant integrity, might also be useful for monitoring the environment of the implanted cochlea. Increases in impedance might reflect growth of tissue that impedes current flow. Subsequently then in this study in guinea pigs, impedances for sinusoidal and pulsatile stimuli were measured with cochlear implants for up to 21 months and compared to histology at termination. Histology revealed variable distributions and amounts of scala tympani tissue near the primary measurement electrode. Impedances measured in the first 4 months after implantation increased and decreased over time, suggesting they were influenced by factors other than, or in addition to, tissue growth within the scala tympani. The magnitude of change in impedance for the sinusoidal stimuli was a moderate, statistically significant, predictor of the percentage of new bone and not fibrous or the total tissue in the long term. The extent of new bone was associated with long-term trends of increasing impedance. End-point impedances were highly correlated between bipolar and monopolar sinusoids, and monopolar sinusoids and pulses. Impedances for both stimuli and configurations showed that the amount of fibrosis was not predicted by impedance, but the presence of new bone was. The results should be helpful in determining the underlying causes of functional changes following cochlear implantation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 109336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic tinnitus is quietened by sound therapy using a novel cross-frequency de-correlating stimulus modulation","authors":"E.A. Yukhnovich ,&nbsp;S. Harrison ,&nbsp;N. Wray ,&nbsp;K. Alter ,&nbsp;W. Sedley","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce a novel modulation of broadband sounds which eliminates correlations between all frequency pairs close to the tinnitus frequency, to reduce cross-frequency neural synchrony and thereby quieten tinnitus. Fifty-three unselected participants completed a blinded randomised crossover trial, which was run completely online using their computers or smartphones, comparing active to perceptually-near-identical sham stimuli, comprising two 6-week listening periods and 3-week washout periods. Results showed a significant, persisting, reduction in self-rated tinnitus loudness after the active (<em>p</em> = 0.012), but not sham (<em>p</em> = 0.916) intervention. Tinnitus distress scores decreased in both listening periods, indicating tolerability of the intervention and trial process. Due to its automation, generalisability across tinnitus types, and deliverability with generic hardware, this intervention could be made available to most of the worldwide tinnitus community at minimal cost. Next steps involve optimising the intervention parameters to maximise efficacy, and development of a software package for wholescale delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 109335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active control of transverse viscoelastic damping in the tectorial membrane: A second mechanism for traveling-wave amplification?","authors":"François Deloche ,&nbsp;Morgan Thienpont ,&nbsp;Arturo Moleti ,&nbsp;Renata Sisto ,&nbsp;Sarah Verhulst","doi":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heares.2025.109320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Observations from optical coherence tomography (OCT) have revealed a velocity gradient across the reticular lamina in response to sounds (Cho and Puria, 2022). Since viscoelastic forces depend on velocity gradients, this finding suggests that OHC activity may influence viscous loss in the cochlea. Here, we propose a candidate mechanism for regulating traveling-wave viscous dissipation which involves the tectorial membrane (TM). We hypothesize that the velocity gradient generated in the OHC region, combined with TM structural properties, can reduce transverse deformations in the TM and, subsequently, transverse viscous damping. Based on this hypothesis and a simplified mechanical model, we derive a formula for an equivalent basilar membrane (BM) admittance in both passive and active scenarios. We use the WKB approximation to simulate traveling waves in response to tones at different stimulation levels. The calibration of the model is based on OCT data from mice, including data on TM motion. Our simulations show that modulating the viscous load affects the traveling wave in the peak region, with changes in BM velocity magnitude of up to 10 dB. The inclusion of a more classical anti-damping term is necessary to capture the full dynamic range of the response gain. With the textbook view of OHCs acting directly on the BM under re-evaluation in light of recent OCT data, the control of viscous damping in the TM emerges as a viable candidate for a second mechanism governing traveling-wave amplification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12881,"journal":{"name":"Hearing Research","volume":"464 ","pages":"Article 109320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}