Groundwater最新文献

{"title":"Using Advective Transport Phenomena to Account for Uncertainty of Conductivity in Monitoring Design","authors":"Willem J. de Lange","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13467","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13467","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Engineering practice in monitoring design aims at the optimum number of observation wells needed to assess the growth of a contaminated volume groundwater, the plume. Available methodologies rely on a combination of a numerical groundwater transport model, GIS-techniques and an optimization technique and require a relative huge amount of data and computer resources. The method of advective transport phenomena enables to calculate the longitudinal and vertical growth of a contaminant plume along the flow path by simple analytic expressions using only three stochastic parameters, the log conductivity variance and the horizontal and vertical characteristic lengths, that together describe the heterogeneity of the aquifer. In previous work, the calculated plume growth has been verified in 12 large experiments all over the world. The method is used to investigate the relationship between uncertainty in the conductivity variation and the plume growth by calculation of the spreading of water particles in a vertical section along the traveled path. In a very heterogeneous aquifer, virtually all water particles spread forward about equally generating a limited forward growth compared to the traveled distance that is not sensitive to uncertainty in the conductivity. In a nearly homogenous aquifer, only a part of the water particles is spread forward, which is repeated at different depths along the traveled path causing significant uncertainty in the position and length of the plume growth. Therefore, an observation network should be designed more densely in a homogeneous aquifer than in a heterogeneous one. A calculation tool is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 3","pages":"319-325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information-Driven Sequential Inversion for Transient Hydraulic Tomography","authors":"Prem Chand Muraharirao,&nbsp;B.V.N.P. Kambhammettu,&nbsp;Ramdas Pinninti,&nbsp;Chandramouli Sangamreddi","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13476","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13476","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transient hydraulic tomography (THT) is proven to be effective in representing hydraulic and storage properties in diverse hydrogeologic settings. Sequential inversion of THT is computationally efficient, however, its accuracy is constrained by the number and sequence of pumping datasets used in the inversion. While signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is commonly used to regulate the order of pumping datasets, it often disregards the information content. We propose an alternate strategy to rank the pumping ports based on the information contained in the data for use with inversion. A non-parametric Gringorten plotting position was used to generate cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of the transient datasets, with the CDF corresponding to the maximum drawdown port set as a reference. The Kullback–Leibler divergence (KLD) is employed to quantify variations in time-drawdown datasets by statistically measuring the divergence from the reference distribution. Pumping ports are then ranked in the decreasing order of KLD and further used in the inversion. The proposed methodology is tested under a controlled environment using a laboratory sandbox model. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was applied to denoise the raw pumping datasets, and PEST coupled with MODFLOW was used to perform the inversion. The performance of KLD-assisted inversion (RMSE_KLD = 0.278 ± 0.177 cm) is found to be superior to SNR-assisted inversion (RMSE_SNR = 1.075 ± 0.990 cm). Further, a reduction in THT data (by 68%) by specifying a threshold on KLD (&gt;10) has drastically reduced the computational time (by 64%) with commensurable accuracy (RMSE_KLDF = 0.265 ± 0.121 cm). Our findings lead to the conclusion that sequential inversion of THT with information-driven datasets outperforms quality-driven datasets, even with reduced pump-test data.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 3","pages":"335-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeologic Heterogeneity Impacts on Fresh–Saltwater Interaction in Jeju Volcanic Island, Korea","authors":"Chang-Seong Koh,&nbsp;Eun-Hee Koh,&nbsp;Won-Bae Park,&nbsp;Min-Choel Kim","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13472","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13472","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Jeju volcanic island of South Korea is characterized by hydrogeological heterogeneity, which has resulted in complex environments in a coastal aquifer system. The shape of the fresh-saltwater transition zone (FSTZ) and depth-dependent tidal influences on fresh-saltwater interaction in the eastern part of Jeju Island were examined by assessing geological logs from drilling cores, vertical profiles of specific conductance (SC) and temperature from geophysical logging, and performing time series analysis of groundwater level and multi-depth SC (collected from multiple sensors installed at various borehole depths). A sharp interface and step-like FSTZ were developed in the hyaloclastite and lava layers, respectively. The tidal influences on groundwater levels were highly associated with the distance from the coastline; however, SC data revealed different responses to tidal changes according to depth. Based on these data, we propose a conceptual hydrogeological model that incorporates different volcanic structures, including hyaloclastite and lava layers. Conduit flow through the highly permeable hyaloclastite layers led to the development of a sharp interface of FSTZ and disturbed the tidal signals on SC by acting as a preferential pathway for fast and abundant fresh groundwater discharge. Conversely, in the lava layers characterized by the successive formation of high- and low-permeability layers, boundary flows in the geological boundaries created a step-like FSTZ and showed a relatively high association between the tide and SC. This study highlights the crucial role of hydrogeological heterogeneity in determining the complex behaviors of fresh-saltwater interactions in the coastal aquifers of volcanic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 4","pages":"621-635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating a Statistically Constrained Quaternary Model of a Buried Bedrock Valley Using FDEM","authors":"C. Gorrie,&nbsp;C.M. Steelman,&nbsp;O. Conway-White,&nbsp;A. Smiarowski,&nbsp;E. Arnaud,&nbsp;B.L. Parker","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13478","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey was conducted using the Resolve™ frequency-domain system over a buried bedrock valley near Elora, Ontario, Canada. A statistical bootstrapping approach was used to establish a relationship between the electrical resistivity from spatially interpolated one-dimensional AEM resistivity models and the lithostratigraphy of Quaternary sediments logged in continuously cored holes located within and adjacent to the buried bedrock valley. Three lithology types were classified using a bootstrapping approach: (i) clay, (ii) sandy to muddy diamicton with the presence of clasts, and (iii) sand/gravel. The statistically derived ranges in electrical resistivity from the model were used to generate a lithostratigraphic model of the Quaternary deposits along the valley axis. The resulting lithology model differentiated more electrically resistive coarse-grained sand and gravel from electrically conductive finer-grained clay-rich tills; but was not able to resolve interbedded layers associated with complex fluvial deposits. Modeled Quaternary deposit architecture and bedrock morphology along two transects orthogonal to the valley axis were consistent with co-located surface electrical resistivity tomography models and borehole natural gamma logs, indicating that the AEM method, when calibrated using high-quality continuous-core logs, can support quantitative conceptualizations of complex Quaternary architecture within and around a buried bedrock valley. Key limitations in this approach were the reduced vertical resolution of the AEM method and the inability to resolve thinly bedded layers (meter scale) identified in the core logs that may have a hydrogeologic influence. This study demonstrates the utility of combining airborne electrical methods with high-resolution geological logs through statistical analysis to constrain hydrostratigraphic architecture at scales relevant to municipal groundwater flow systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 3","pages":"351-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Society News","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13473","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 2","pages":"142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARCHI: A New R Package for Automated Imputation of Regionally Correlated Hydrologic Records","authors":"Zeno F. Levy,&nbsp;Robin L. Glas,&nbsp;Timothy J. Stagnitta,&nbsp;Neil Terry","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13474","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13474","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Missing data in hydrological records can limit resource assessment, process understanding, and predictive modeling. Here, we present ARCHI (Automated Regional Correlation Analysis for Hydrologic Record Imputation), a new, open-source software package in R designed to aggregate, impute, cluster, and visualize regionally correlated hydrologic records. ARCHI imputes missing data in “target” records by linear regression using more complete “reference” records as predictors. Automated imputation is implemented using a novel, iterative algorithm that allows each site to be considered a target or reference for regression, growing the pool of complete references with each imputed record until viable gap-filling ceases. Users can limit artifacts from spurious correlations by specifying model-acceptance criteria and applying geospatial, correlation, and group-based filters to control reference selection. ARCHI provides additional functions for visualizing results, clustering records with similar correlation structures, evaluating holdout data, and interactive parameterization with an accessible and intuitive graphical user interface (GUI). This methods brief provides an overview of the ARCHI package, modeling guidelines, and benchmarking on two regional groundwater-level datasets from the Central Valley, CA and Long Island, NY. We evaluate ARCHI alongside widely used multivariate imputation software to highlight and contextualize its computational efficiency, imputation accuracy, and model transparency when applied to large, groundwater-level datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 4","pages":"595-610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From stoning to building: How to energize science meetings","authors":"Barbara J.\u0000 Bickford","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13471","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13471","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Most groundwater professionals attend one or more regional or national conferences each year. At these meetings, we hope to move science forward by sharing research, exchanging ideas, and gaining allies in scientific pursuits with other scientists, practitioners, policymakers, funders, and the public.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;But many science meetings fail to meet these aspirations. They overwhelm, confuse, and isolate participants. They prioritize the consumption of information over conversation, and that inhibits the collaborative scientific process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Everyone can advance science by improving science meetings. Let's start with the presenters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 1985, Dr. Jay Lehr wrote an editorial in &lt;i&gt;Groundwater&lt;/i&gt; entitled “Let there be stoning” (Lehr &lt;span&gt;1985&lt;/span&gt;). In it, Dr. Lehr criticized scientists who subject their listeners to boring presentations. He accused them of being arrogant, thoughtless, insulting, and other derogatory adjectives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Lehr's complaints are still valid. Many scientists give too much information or fail to provide enough narrative structure to help listeners understand the topic (Olson &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;). The result? Boring presentations and confused listeners.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Now, I don't believe most scientists are purposely giving terrible presentations; perhaps they just don't know how to create truly engaging ones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fortunately, besides threats of public humiliation, Dr. Lehr offered timeless practical guidance, ranging from designing slides to enthusiastically connecting with the audience. I suggest that anyone planning to present at a professional conference read Lehr's editorial and take it to heart.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conferences are meetings, and meetings are where people meet, or hope to. But the structure of traditional science meetings can inhibit meaningful connections. Food, name tags, and poster sessions can help people meet, but they are not enough.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a result, instead of meeting new people and discussing science, we may create needed downtime for ourselves with our friends or phones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I could throw stones at meeting planners for these structural shortcomings, but as one living in a proverbial glass house, it is more constructive to share ideas that work. At a recent 3-day science meeting, the sponsors and I prioritized connection and conversation in three ways:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;First, to initiate connections immediately, we began Day 1 with two rounds of introductions around tables of eight, where participants shared their names, how they got there, what they wanted to happen, and what they had to offer (Segar &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;). Table leaders promoted conciseness by limiting each introduction to 90 s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our one-hour investment in personal introductions paid off. Everyone felt heard and connected. The resulting palpable energy and eagerness to talk lasted all 3 days. Around 30 of the 108 participants stayed for up to 2 h after the meeting ended, just to continue talking!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Even in large conf","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 2","pages":"140-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Groundwater Energy Transport Model for the MODFLOW Hydrologic Simulator","authors":"Eric D. Morway,&nbsp;Alden M. Provost,&nbsp;Christian D. Langevin,&nbsp;Joseph D. Hughes,&nbsp;Martijn J. Russcher,&nbsp;Chieh-Ying Chen,&nbsp;Yu-Feng F. Lin","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13470","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13470","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heat transport in the subsurface is an important aspect of research related to the effects of a warming climate on ecological services (i.e., cold-water refugia); the development of geothermal resources for energy banking schemes (i.e., aquifer thermal energy storage [ATES]); and the effects of temperature on other aspects of groundwater quality, such as nutrient cycling. Historically, simulation of heat transport using the MODFLOW groundwater simulator and related codes was performed by scaling the input parameters of a solute-transport model to emulate heat transport. However, that approach required additional pre- and post-processing of input and output and could not account for the variation in effective thermal storage and transport properties during transient, unsaturated flow, for example. True heat-transport capabilities in the context of MODFLOW were first introduced in a variant called USG-Transport. More recently, a new groundwater energy-transport (GWE) model type has been added to MODFLOW 6, the core version of the MODFLOW hydrologic simulator. GWE supports the simulation of heat transport on structured or unstructured grids as well as within and between features of advanced packages that represent streams, lakes, multi-aquifer wells, and the unsaturated zone. GWE is integrated within MODFLOW 6 and is accessible through the FloPy Python package and the MODFLOW 6 application programming interface (API). An example simulation demonstrates conduction between grid cells through both the water and the solid aquifer material, including thermal bleeding from saturated overburden cells into a groundwater flow field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 3","pages":"409-421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwat.13470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Irrigation: A Shift From Conventional to Solar Tube-Wells","authors":"Asim Khan,&nbsp;Israr Ahmed,&nbsp;Syed Mohammad Khair","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13469","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13469","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the factors influencing the adoption of solar tube well technology for groundwater extraction in the agriculture sector, focusing on the Balochistan region of Pakistan. Water scarcity is a major challenge in this region due to declining groundwater level and unreliable power supplies. The study uses a binary logit regression model to analyze the factors that determine the adoption of solar tube wells by farmers. The study took into account variables such as age, education level of household head and access to credit, farmers' perception of groundwater depletion, number of hours of tube well operation, and cost of adopting solar technology. The results indicate that education level and experience positively influence farmers' ability to use solar tube wells. Education provides farmers with the knowledge to understand modern farming methods and the benefits of solar technology. In addition, the cost-effectiveness and increased operating hours of solar tube wells contribute significantly to their adoption. Farmers' concerns about greater groundwater depletion also influenced their decisions, with those seeing groundwater decline more likely to adopt solar technology. The results also suggest that policies that promote access to credit and reduce the initial cost of solar tube well adoption can further encourage farmer's adoption decision.</p>","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 3","pages":"326-334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"R.W. Gillham and the Role of Capillary Fringe Processes in Shallow Aquifer Behavior","authors":"John Vogan,&nbsp;Steve Shikaze,&nbsp;Kristian Doerken","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13468","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwat.13468","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12866,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater","volume":"63 2","pages":"291-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}