Gynecological Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Association between GLM7 and female infertility: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2013-2018.","authors":"Tingting Dong, Jie Gao, Xietong Wang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2686485","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2686485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Female infertility is a common reproductive disorder influenced by metabolic dysfunction. The glycolipid metabolism 7 factors (GLM7) is a composite metabolic index integrating age, BMI, glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles. This study aimed to examine its association with female infertility in a nationally representative population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 1,405 female participants aged 18-45 years from the 2013-2018 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. We used survey-weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines to assess the association between GLM7 and infertility. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 167 participants (11.9%) reported infertility. After full adjustment, higher GLM7 levels were independently associated with increased odds of infertility (odds ratio (OR) = 1.401, 95% CI: 1.028-1.909, <i>p</i> = 0.034). A positive linear association was observed, with a potential plateau effect at GLM7 ≈ 6.98. GLM7 showed modest discriminative ability (AUC = 0.596, 95%CI: 0.552-0.639).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GLM7 was positively associated with female infertility. As a multidimensional metabolic indicator, GLM7 may provide complementary information for reproductive health research. However, its modest discriminative performance suggests limited value as a standalone screening tool, warranting further validation in longitudinal and clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2686485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148198779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dydrogesterone versus levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for abnormal uterine bleeding: a propensity score-matched analysis of long-term efficacy and recurrence.","authors":"Xiaoli Wei, Li Huang, Xiangzun Li","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2612154","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2612154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare dydrogesterone versus levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) management with long-term follow-up and etiology-stratified analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed reproductive-aged women with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)-classified AUB receiving dydrogesterone (<i>n</i> = 131) or LNG-IUS (<i>n</i> = 118). Propensity score matching balanced baseline covariates between groups (<i>n</i> = 104 pairs). Primary outcomes were bleeding control rates (composite: hemoglobin increase ≥ 1.5 g/dL, ≥ 50% Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart [PBAC] reduction, no rescue interventions) at 3 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes included 24-month recurrence and adverse events (AEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LNG-IUS demonstrated superior 3-month bleeding control versus dydrogesterone (82.7% vs. 65.4%; relative risk [RR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.48; <i>p</i> = 0.002). At 12 months, bleeding control rates were comparable between groups (78.8% vs. 72.1%; RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.96-1.24; <i>p</i> = 0.17). LNG-IUS significantly reduced 24-month recurrence risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.48, 95% CI 0.32-0.72; <i>p</i> < 0.001), particularly for structural AUB (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.24-0.64). Subgroup analysis revealed LNG-IUS superiority in adenomyosis at 12 months (88.2% vs. 60.0%; RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.24-1.74; <i>p</i> < 0.001) but comparable efficacy in nonstructural AUB (76.6% vs. 72.9%; RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.78-1.16; <i>p</i> = 0.63). Dydrogesterone exhibited higher systemic AEs (28.2% vs. 13.6%; <i>p</i> = 0.003), while LNG-IUS had device-related events including expulsion (5.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LNG-IUS offers superior short-term bleeding control and sustained long-term recurrence prevention, especially for structural AUB. Dydrogesterone effectively manages nonstructural etiologies but carries higher systemic adverse event rates. Treatment selection should be etiology-guided, balancing immediate symptom control versus recurrence prevention and individualized safety considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2612154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145958921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dydrogesterone and inflammatory marker regulation: a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis.","authors":"Peter Chedraui, Vitor E Valenti, Rafaela P Martineli, Giovanna J Brito, Bruno M Candeloro, Juliana Zangirolami-Raimundo, José Maria Soares Junior, Rodrigo D Raimundo","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2735651","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2735651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of dydrogesterone on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in women across different reproductive and hormonal clinical contexts compared with placebo or other pharmacological interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251163959). Searches covered database inception through December 2025. Randomised controlled trials and controlled studies reporting IL-6, IL-10, TNF-<i>α</i>, or C-reactive protein were included. Quantitative synthesis used a random-effects model. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using Cochrane and GRADE tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies were included. No statistically significant effects were found for IL-6 (mean difference [MD], -0.15 pg/mL; 95% CI, -0.67 to 0.38; <i>p</i> = 0.58), IL-10 (MD, 2.39 pg/mL; 95% CI, -2.08 to 6.86; <i>p</i> = 0.29), TNF-<i>α</i> (MD, 0.06 pg/mL; 95% CI, -0.09 to 0.22; <i>p</i> = 0.42), or C-reactive protein (MD, 0.08 mg/L; 95% CI, -0.25 to 0.40; <i>p</i> = 0.65). Heterogeneity was very high for IL-10 and moderate for IL-6 and TNF-<i>α</i>. Most studies had high risk of bias; certainty was very low for all biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dydrogesterone did not significantly alter systemic inflammatory biomarkers. Evidence does not indicate increased inflammation, but certainty is very low. Larger, well-designed randomised controlled trials are needed to clarify its immunomodulatory effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2735651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Presurgical promestriene therapy in postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2740297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2026.2740297","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2740297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of uterine peristalsis in artificial hormone treatment versus aromatase inhibitor-stimulated frozen embryo transfer cycles.","authors":"Erhan Şimşek, Gülşen Doğan Durdağ, Didem Alkaş Yağınç, Selçuk Yetkinel, Pınar Çağlar Aytaç","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2602969","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2602969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Uterine peristalsis, which originates from sub-endometrial zone of myometrium, is observed at ultrasonography as a wave-like activity of endometrium. Increased uterine peristalsis is suggested to be related to decreased pregnancy rates in both fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of two different frozen embryo transfer preparation protocols on the frequency of uterine peristalsis and to evaluate the effect of peristalsis on pregnancy rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational cohort study, 3-min transvaginal ultrasound videos were recorded one hour before embryo transfer in frozen embryo transfer cycles prepared by either artificial hormone treatment or aromatase inhibitor stimulation. Peristalsis frequency was assessed by reviewing videos at triple speed. Consequent pregnancy outcomes were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period of four months, a total of 147 patients with 99 artificial hormone treatments and 48 aromatase inhibitor-stimulated frozen embryo transfer cycles were included. The absence of uterine peristalsis was observed in 27.1% of the aromatase inhibitor-stimulated patients and 23.2% of the artificial hormone-treated patients (<i>p</i> = 0.68). Among those with peristalsis, the frequency was similar between groups (0.95 ± 0.59 and 0.98 ± 0.68 for the aromatase inhibitor-stimulated and artificial hormone treatment protocols, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.97). Peristalsis presence or frequency was not associated with pregnancy or live birth rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, uterine peristalsis frequency at frozen embryo transfer cycles did not differ between endometrial preparation protocols and showed no significant association with pregnancy outcomes. Further randomized studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2602969"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The estrobolome and its emerging role in endometriosis pathogenesis: no guts, no story?","authors":"Ludwig Kiesel","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2652093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2026.2652093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2652093"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147573896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clomiphene citrate in the management of anovulation: a review of mechanisms, outcomes, and clinical challenges.","authors":"Telila Mesfin Tadesse","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2646774","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2646774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review the mechanism of action, epidemiology, clinical efficacy, factors influencing treatment outcomes, and limitations of clomiphene citrate (CC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases. The search strategy employed a combination of relevant MeSH terms and keywords. The final selection was limited to complete, peer-reviewed articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clomiphene citrate (CC) is the first-line oral ovulation induction agent for WHO Group II anovulation, most commonly polycystic ovary syndrome. It acts primarily at the hypothalamus, depleting estrogen receptors to increase gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulsatility and stimulate gonadotropin release. Although effective in restoring ovulation in approximately 73% of treated women, pregnancy rates remain significantly lower (~36%), highlighting a pronounced ovulation‒pregnancy gap. This discrepancy is largely attributed to CC's peripheral anti-estrogenic effects, which can cause endometrial suppression and hostile cervical mucus, thereby impairing implantation. Treatment success is influenced by factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism, which are key predictors of CC resistance. While generally well-tolerated, side effects include hot flashes, mood swings, headaches, visual disturbances, and a notable risk of multiple pregnancies (8%-10%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While CC remains a cornerstone for inducing ovulation, its peripheral anti-estrogenic effects and significant rate of resistance necessitate adjunctive strategies, careful patient selection, and a transition to advanced therapies when needed to improve live birth outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2646774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling risk factors and developing a predictive nomogram for ectopic pregnancy in polycystic ovary syndrome patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology.","authors":"Jie Li, Yang Liu, Tailin Chen, Li Jin","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2610094","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2610094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although assisted reproductive technology (ART) may increase the incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP), the risk of EP and its associated risk factors in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, one of the target populations for ART, remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 377 PCOS patients undergoing IVF/ICSI (2010-2017). Standard ART protocols were applied, including controlled ovarian stimulation, oocyte retrieval, and embryo transfer. LASSO regression with 10-fold cross-validation selected 13 predictive features from 26 variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for the overall cohort. A predictive nomogram was developed and internally validated using bootstrap resampling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 377 PCOS patients analyzed, LASSO regression identified 13 potential predictors including age, IVF cycles, and endometrial thickness (EMT). In women <35 years (<i>n</i> = 333), multivariate analysis revealed three independent EP predictors: increased IVF cycle number (aOR = 4.592, 95%CI 1.48-14.21, <i>p</i> = 0.008), thinner EMT (aOR = 0.587, 95%CI 0.40-0.86, <i>p</i> = 0.007), and frozen embryo transfer (aOR = 0.044, 95%CI 0.01-0.22, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The developed nomogram incorporating these factors showed good discrimination (AUC 0.82) and calibration. Notably, clinical factors like abortion history and prolactin levels, while significant in univariate analysis, lost predictive value after multivariate adjustment in younger women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies three key predictors of ectopic pregnancy in younger PCOS (<35 year) patients undergoing ART: IVF cycle number, endometrial thickness, and frozen embryo transfer. The developed nomogram provides a validated assessment tool, particularly for younger patients. These findings highlight the need for personalized risk stratification and further research into underlying mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2610094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-lipoic acid preserves uterine and ovarian integrity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats via modulation of TGF-β and HSP70 pathways.","authors":"Erson Aksu, Oytun Erbas","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2660420","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2660420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Diabetes mellitus profoundly impairs female reproductive health by inducing uterine atrophy, follicular loss, and hormonal dysregulation. Oxidative stress and profibrotic signaling, particularly transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), are central to this pathology, while the role of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) remains insufficiently characterized. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a mitochondrial cofactor and potent antioxidant, has shown efficacy against diabetic complications; however, its protective effects on reproductive tissues in type 1 diabetes are not well established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty adult female Wistar rats were allocated into control, diabetic, and diabetic + ALA groups (<i>n</i> = 10 each). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). ALA was administered orally (200 mg/kg/day) for four weeks. Histopathological evaluation focused on uterine gland degeneration, stromal fibrosis, and ovarian follicular integrity. Plasma anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), uterine TGF-β, and ovarian HSP70 levels were quantified using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Streptozotocin-induced diabetes caused significant uterine gland degeneration, stromal fibrosis, ovarian follicular loss, reduced AMH, and elevated TGF-β and HSP70 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). ALA treatment attenuated glandular and stromal injury, reduced fibrosis, and improved follicular morphology. Biochemically, ALA increased AMH, decreased uterine TGF-β, and further upregulated ovarian HSP70, indicating activation of cytoprotective pathways. Although glucose levels remained elevated, partial glycemic reduction was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ALA exerts antifibrotic and cytoprotective effects in diabetic reproductive tissues, mitigating uterine and ovarian damage through modulation of TGF-β and HSP70 pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2660420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147722677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Acne and hirsutism in polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical, endocrine-metabolic and ultrasonographic differences.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2700862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2026.2700862","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2700862"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148561790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}