Gynecological Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Animal experiments and network pharmacology to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of dapagliflozin in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Yong Liu, He Bai, Huilin Guan, Chunhua Wang, Xueqing Song, Zihao Yong, Xiaomeng Guo, Luxin Li, Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2454432","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2454432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with chronic low-grade inflammation of the ovary. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic drugs that can reduce the weight and hyperglycemia of type 2 diabetes patients. Dapagliflozin is a highly selective, orally active and reversible inhibitor of the human SGLT2. However, the role of dapagliflozin in regulating PCOS remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 24 six-week-old female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control, letrozole, and letrozole + dapagliflozin groups. PCOS model rats were produced by gavage administration of letrozole for 21 days. The intervention was conducted after the gavage administration of dapagliflozin for 14 days to evaluate the estrous cycle and ovarian imaging changes of the rats in each group. We observed changes in the weight, ovarian weight, and ovarian morphology of the rats in each group. Pathological changes in the ovaries were examined by H&E staining, changes in ovarian tissue cell apoptosis were identified using TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining, and changes in inflammation-related factors were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis. Network pharmacology was used to predict the inflammatory targets and pathways affected by dapagliflozin in treating PCOS, and the potential interactions between dapagliflozin and inflammation-related target proteins were evaluated through molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated that dapagliflozin treatment significantly improved PCOS symptoms, recovered ovarian morphology and physiological functions, and reduced the apoptosis of ovarian cells after drug intervention. Dapagliflozin treatment also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, indicating its anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, network pharmacology identified 26 intersecting target genes relevant to inflammation in PCOS, with subsequent molecular docking simulations revealing strong binding affinities of dapagliflozin to key targets, including AKT1 and TP53.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that dapagliflozin exerts beneficial effects on PCOS by ameliorating ovarian dysfunction and reducing inflammation. Dapagliflozin represents a promising therapeutic candidate for managing PCOS, warranting further clinical investigation to explore its full potential in treating this multifaceted disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2454432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The science of frozen embryo transfer, is modified natural cycle better?","authors":"Hassan Hamze, Wadad Alameh, Robert Hemmings, Wael Jamal, Amro Banan, Camille Sylvestre","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2533481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2533481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to compare pregnancy, obstetrical outcomes and number of visits between patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer in artificial vs modified natural cycle. A total of 1207 frozen single embryo transfer cycles performed in 2022 were retrospectively studied. Patients older than 40, with recurrent implantation failure, and recurrent pregnancy loss were excluded. Patients were divided according to their age, BMI, AMH, and type of embryo transfer protocol. Patients in the modified natural cycle group were followed by ultrasound until triggering criteria met, then HCG trigger was scheduled, and the embryo transferred 7 days later. In the artificial cycle group, patients received estrogen supplementation after downregulation, and when the endometrium reached a thickness ≥ 7 mm an embryo transfer was scheduled following intramuscular progesterone administration for 5 days. A total of 649 patients were included in the study. A higher percentage of patients in the artificial cycle group had an initial positive B-hCG test result. The modified natural group had significantly better clinical pregnancy and live birth rates, mainly due to the significantly higher miscarriage rate observed in the artificial cycle group. There was no difference in the mean endometrial thickness between both groups. The number of visits was higher in the m-NC group. Patients with a m-NC protocol had a lower risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), but a higher risk of gestational diabetes, though the results were non-significant. In conclusion embryo transfer in m-NC yielded a higher live birth rate, more frequent clinic visits, and lower chances of miscarriage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2533481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating ovarian function in infertile patients: the combined diagnostic utility of anti-müllerian hormone and angiopoietin-like protein 8.","authors":"Chongbo Du, Na Wang, Xiaowen Ma, Yanping Feng, Fang Liu, Yandong Deng, Xiaopu Xie, Yuxiao Zhang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2530568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2530568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to explore the value of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in combination with angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) in evaluating the ovarian function of infertile patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 213 infertile patients who sought treatment in our hospital from January 2023 to July 2024 were included. Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound assessed antral follicle count and ovarian reserve. Patients were divided into a0 control group (116 cases with normal ovarian reserve) and a research group (97 cases with decreased ovarian reserve). Serum levels of AMH, ANGPTL8, and sex hormones were measured for all patients, and results were compared between groups to analyze the combined assessment's value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the control group, AMH levels were (4.44±2.36) ng/ml, ANGPTL8 (17.81±7.79) ng/ml, and estradiol (E2) (37.21±17.78) pg/ml. In the research group, AMH was (0.64±0.61) ng/ml, ANGPTL8 (12.04±5.04) ng/ml, and E2 (32.80±10.10) pg/ml. The research group showed significantly lower AMH, ANGPTL8, and E2 levels (P<0.05) and higher FSH and LH levels (P<0.001). The combined AMH and ANGPTL8 assessment demonstrated a sensitivity of 94.0%, specificity of 95.9%, and an area under the curve of 0.988.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined assessment of AMH and ANGPTL8 holds significant value in evaluating ovarian function in infertile patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2530568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of combined aerobic exercise and resistance training on postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Vitor Engracia Valenti, André Dos Santos Chagas, Peter Chedraui, Ingrid Soares de Souza, Andrey Alves Porto, Isabel Cristina Esposito Sorpreso, Jose Maria Soares Júnior, Juliana Zangirolami-Raimundo, David M Garner, Rodrigo Daminello Raimundo","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2450338","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2450338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is no strong evidence demonstrating whether or not aerobic exercise in conjunction with resistance exercise improves metabolic diabetes markers in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise and resistance training on metabolic markers in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The searches were completed using EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. This study included non-blinded, single or double-blinded randomized control trials and postmenopausal women diagnosed with T2DM. The imposed intervention was aerobic exercise plus any training protocol to strengthen muscle groups for resistance intervention. The outcomes of interest were the blood glucose levels, insulin secretion, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Risk of Bias tools and GRADE were obligatory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three studies were included (83 participants). Exercise intervention ranged between two to four days per week. Compared to the control group, in the group submitted to aerobic exercise + resistance training, no significant change was noted for HbA1c (subtotal = mean difference - 0.35 [95% CI: -0.85, 0.15], <i>p</i> = .17, and heterogeneity = 0%) (GRADE: very low), nevertheless, HOMA-IR index was significantly improved (subtotal = mean difference -0.52 [95% CI: -0.99, -0.05], <i>p</i> = .03, and heterogeneity = 0%) (GRADE: very low).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the very low certainty found in the quality of evidences, our analysis showed that aerobic exercise along with strength exercise seems to improve some metabolic diabetes markers in postmenopausal women with T2DM. There is a need for further studies to support our preliminary findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2450338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142964543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of first-year GnRHa therapy in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty diagnosed after age 8: a retrospective study.","authors":"Ming-Ming Ni, Shu-Ting Yang, Jie-Yu Sun, Wen-Wen Wu, Man Li, Wei Gu, Xing Ji","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2500481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2500481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the short-term benefits of GnRHa therapy, with a specific focus on the first year of treatment, in girls diagnosed with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) after age 8, providing essential evidence to inform clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-four female patients treated with GnRHa at Jiangsu Children's Medical Center from January 2018 to January 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the age of treatment initiation: on or before age 8 (Group I) and over age 8 (Group II). Hormonal parameters, bone age (BA)/chronological age (CA) ratio, genital organ volume, predicted adult height (PAH), and body mass index (BMI) were assessed during the treatment period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with GnRHa in girls with ICPP, whether administered before or after age 8, effectively inhibited puberty, slowed BA maturation, and led to an increase in PAH. Group I exhibited significantly better PAH improvement than Group II, with 50% surpassing a 5 cm increase in PAH compared to 25.9% in Group II. No significant changes in BMI were observed following treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of the study support the knowledge that GnRHa treatment is effective in height gain in girls with precocious puberty, especially if started before the age of 8 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2500481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical correlation between intestinal flora profiles and the incidence of postmenopausal osteoporosis.","authors":"Cuifeng Zhu, Yuan Zhang, Yi Pan, Zhentian Zhang, Yan Liu, Xiuping Lin, Jinchuan Cai, Zhuang Xiong, Yong Pan, Hezhongrong Nie","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2465587","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2465587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to explore the characteristics of intestinal microflora polymorphism in postmenopausal women, and to determine the pathophysiological changes of gene polymorphism of intestinal flora and bone metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 104 postmenopausal women with PMOP or normal bone density were included. Lifestyle, hip T-score, bone metabolism indexes (25(OH)D, PTH, β-CTX, PINP), intestinal mucous membrane barrier function (diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid, LPS), gene polymorphisms, and characteristics of gut microbiota were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women with PMOP had reduced physical activity, less dietary protein and calcium intake, lower levels of 25(OH)D, hip T-score, and BMD, but PMOP group had increased total energy and fat intake, and higher levels of PTH, β-CTX, diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid, and LPS (<i>p</i> < .05 for all), as compared with normal subjects. Analyses of the α- and β-diversity of fecal microbiota indicated remarkably differences in postmenopausal women with or without PMOP. In details, individuals with PMOP had increased abundances of some genera (e.g. <i>Roseburia</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i>), but decreased abundances of some genera (e.g. <i>Streptococcus</i> and <i>Dorea</i>). Furthermore, use of a random forest model based on differential abundant taxa and ROC analysis could efficiently identify women with PMOP in the present cohort (AUC = 0.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of PMOP was closely associated with fecal microbial compositions and intestinal functional changes. The present findings supported potential applications of gut microbiome analysis for early diagnosis of PMOP, and provided potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2465587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting the causal effects of interleukin receptor-related factors and the risk of developing endometriosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Si-Ji Lv, Qing Yuan, Shan-Shan Zong, Lei Ye","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2512837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2512837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the causal associations between interleukin receptor-related factors and the development of endometriosis, as their etiology and pathophysiology remain largely unknown. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was employed to analyze genetic variants associated with interleukin receptor related factors as instrumental variables (IVs). The F-values have to be > 10 to exclude weak instrumental bias. The primary analysis was conducted using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, with confirmation using the MR-Egger, weighted median (WM), simple mode, and weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure robustness, including tests for heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and leave-one-out. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was used to assess the direct and mediated effects of immune cells. The results indicated significant causal associations between interleukin receptor factors prot-a-1542 (IL-6Rβ), prot-a-1530 (IL-3Rα), and prot-b-38 (IL-1RL1) and endometriosis. Reverse MR analysis showed that endometriosis did not significantly affect prot-a-1530 or prot-b-38. After adjusting for confounders like body mass index and smoking, these factors retained their significance. Additionally, immune cells(ebi-a-GCST90001951) were found to mediate the relationship between prot-b-38 and endometriosis, with an indirect effect accounting for approximately 6.38% of the total effect. This study provides new insights into endometriosis mechanisms involving specific interleukin receptor factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2512837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIRT5 regulates granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis in polycystic ovarian syndrome <i>via</i> desuccinylation of GLI1.","authors":"Yiwen Zhang, Fangfang He, Ning Cai, Guanmei Chen, Yinyin Wang, Weiwei Bai, Peng Guo","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2515516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2515516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a major cause of infertility. Succinylation is involved in disease processes; however, its role in PCOS remains unknown. This study aimed to analyze the effect of desuccinylase SIRT5 on granulosa cell phenotype and the molecular mechanism. The levels of succinylation-related enzymes were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Cell proliferation was evaluated using MTT and colony formation assays, and apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. The succinylation was analyzed using immunoprecipitation, cycloheximide chase assay, and immunoblotting. The results showed that SIRT5 was highly expressed in PCOS, and knockdown of SIRT5 promoted granulosa cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis, as well as activated the SHH pathway. Moreover, silencing of SIRT5 promoted GLI1 succinylation at lysine (K)232 site and thereby suppressed its degradation. GLI1 knockdown reversed the promotion of proliferation and the inhibition of apoptosis caused by SIRT5 knockdown. Besides, SIRT5 knockdown attenuated ovarian dysfunction and inhibited apoptosis in PCOS rats by increasing GLI expression. In conclusion, silencing of SIRT5 facilitates granulosa cell proliferation and impedes apoptosis by succinylation of GLI1 at K232 site, and thus attenuates PCOS. The findings suggest that SIRT5 may be a promising target for PCOS therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2515516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biallelic mutations in CDC20 cause female infertility due to oocyte maturation abnormality.","authors":"Guangzhong Jiao, Jinhao Xing, Zhaoli Du, Hongchu Bao, Xiaoyan Liu","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2451672","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2451672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oocyte maturation arrest (OMA) may occur at different stages, including the germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase I (MI), and metaphase II (MII). A total maturation arrest of human oocytes is rarely observed during <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF). We have identified a case of infertile female for whom all oocytes fail to mature and are arrested at MI. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a compound heterozygous mutant (c.533C > A: p.Val458Ala; c.1373T > C: p.Ala178Glu) in cell division cycle 20 (<i>CDC20</i>). Through rigorous validation using Sanger sequencing technology, both of her parents have been confirmed as genetic carriers of these specific mutations. Based on the three-dimensional (3D) structures of the CDC20 protein used to assess the effect of the mutant, the mutant causes a change in hydrogen bond in the protein structure, which may affect the stability of the mutant protein. Previous studies have firmly established CDC20 as a pivotal member of the cell cycle regulation family, playing an indispensable role in the transition from metaphase to anaphase during cell division. Our findings not only broaden the current understanding of <i>CDC20</i> gene mutations but also profoundly illuminate how these mutations serve as potential genetic mechanisms underlying the arrest of oocyte maturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2451672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting vasomotor symptoms with the new drug fezolinetant - an expert overview.","authors":"Rossella E Nappi, Angelo Cagnacci, Costantino Di Carlo, Alessandro D Genazzani, Paola Villa, Tommaso Simoncini","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2526560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2526560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Menopause is an inevitable event in the life of women who live long enough to reach this milestone. The experience of menopause varies amongst individuals. Menopause has a negative impact on women's life and is associated with symptoms including vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flushes and night sweats, sleep disturbances and low mood. VMS are bothersome and may have a long duration. Menopause hormone therapy (MHT) is recommended in women with symptoms; however, its use is limited. The recent approval of fezolinetant offers a new therapeutic option for women who suffer from VMS and are unsuitable or averse to MHT. Fezolinetant is a precision drug as it targets the pathological mechanism of VMS showing some effect also on sleep disturbances. Given how variable the experience of menopause is, it is important to offer individualized treatment options to women who suffer from menopause-related symptoms and let them be part of the shared decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2526560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}