Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Retinal oximetry: new insights into ocular and systemic diseases.","authors":"Weixing Zhang, Xueer Tu, Xun Wang, Duoru Lin, Dong Liu, Weiyi Lai, Andi Xu, Jingyi Wen, Haotian Lin","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06831-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06831-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal oximetry, which refers to the measurement of the oxygen saturation of haemoglobin in retinal blood, has emerged as a promising tool for understanding ocular and systemic diseases over the past few decades. Advances in traditional dual-wavelength measurement techniques, as well as their integration with more advanced technologies, have driven significant progress in the field. Researchers have utilised commercially available devices to explore the applications of retinal oximetry in both healthy individuals and various disease states. To provide a comprehensive overview of the current status and development trends of retinal oximetry in ophthalmology, this review analyses relevant studies on retinal oximetry, including its principles, techniques, instrumentation, and applications in healthy individuals, ocular diseases, and systemic disorders. As a biomarker, retinal oximetry provides reliable insights into the retinal and systemic microcirculation in a noninvasive, rapid, and convenient manner. It has demonstrated potential value in the measurement of standardised data and in contributing to the understanding of disease mechanisms. However, its measurement accuracy is influenced by factors such as vessel diameter, retinal pigmentation, and optical media transparency. Future advancements, including wide-field imaging technology, nonmydriatic technology, integration with blood flow measurement techniques, and artificial intelligence, are expected to further improve the accuracy and clinical application potential of retinal oximetry.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual rehabilitation in keratoconus by altering corneal shape using the corneal crosslinking pen: initial results.","authors":"Asher A Saks, Conrad Saks, Benjamin Bert","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06825-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06825-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A Phase I/II trial to evaluate the initial safety and performance of a novel corneal crosslinking device, the Corneal Crosslinking Pen in keratoconus patients. This was a prospective exploratory study with 12 months of follow up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients aged 14-27 years and diagnosed with progressive keratoconus were enrolled and treated unilaterally. Corneal crosslinking (CXL) following an accelerated epi-off protocol with riboflavin was done using the Corneal Crosslinking Pen. Effectiveness endpoints included changes in astigmatism, maximum keratometry (KMax), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) compared to baseline. Safety included adverse events and changes in pachymetry, intraocular pressure (IOP), and endothelial cell count (ECC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Astigmatism was significantly reduced at 12 months by a mean (95% CI) of 0.56 (0.10, 1.03) D. KMax was also reduced by a mean of 0.63 D, but this was not significant. BCVA improved significantly by nearly four lines of vision (- 0.38; logMAR). No corneal thinning was observed; pachymetry, IOP and ECC all remained stable across 12 months. Adverse events were infrequent and mild.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These early results suggest that the Corneal Crosslinking Pen was safe and effective for CXL. Future studies will seek to confirm the large improvement seen for BCVA and elucidate a potential mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute intraocular pressure responses changes during dynamic resistance training in primary open-angle glaucoma patients and age-matched controls.","authors":"María Dolores Morenas-Aguilar, Cristina González-Hernández, Daniel Marcos-Frutos, Sergio Miras-Moreno, María José López-Gómez, Amador García-Ramos, Jesús Vera","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06814-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06814-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical exercise has been proposed as a feasible strategy for preventing and managing glaucoma by modulating intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP). The primary objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the IOP and OPP responses to dynamic resistance exercises (leg extension and biceps curl).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (age = 68.9 ± 8.1 years) and 18 healthy age-matched controls (age = 69.6 ± 5.9 years) were recruited. Participants performed one set of 10 repetitions of both exercises at low- (light bar) and moderate-intensity (15RM). IOP and blood pressure were measured at baseline and after 1 and 5 min of passive recovery. Additionally, IOP was measured during training after each of the 10 repetitions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our data showed a progressive IOP increase throughout the sets of leg extension and biceps curl exercises when performed at moderate intensity (p < 0.001). Remarkably, POAG patients showed a smaller IOP increase compared to controls (p = 0.048). The between-group differences for IOP changes were higher during the 10 exercise repetitions at moderate-intensity for both leg extension (average IOP rise: POAG = 0.3 ± 0.6 mmHg vs. control = 2.3 ± 0.7 mmHg) and biceps curl (average IOP rise: POAG = 1.4 ± 0.6 mmHg vs. control = 3.4 ± 0.8 mmHg) exercises. No changes in OPP were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that moderate-intensity dynamic resistance training is a safe intervention for potentially improving physical fitness in medically treated POAG patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic atrophy in Asia.","authors":"Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Youxin Chen, Frank Holz, Akitaka Tsujikawa, SriniVas Sadda","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06817-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06817-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Geographic atrophy (GA) is a late-stage manifestation of age-related macular degeneration associated with vision loss. Differences between Asian and non-Asian populations with GA have been reported. It is essential to understand these differences because they may reflect variations in the natural history of the disease and its underlying pathophysiology, impacting resultant future treatment strategies and clinical trial designs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A non-systematic search for articles published up to November 22, 2023 was performed using PubMed. Reference lists from included articles were reviewed and relevant articles manually selected and included, as well as read for background information about the topic. Only articles in English were considered for inclusion in this narrative review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the overall prevalence of GA appears to be low across Asia and shows a male predominance, regional variability is evident. Compared with White and other non-Asian populations, Asian populations typically have more distinct but fewer drusen overall (regardless of type), smaller GA lesion size at presentation, a thicker choroid, and lower rates of bilaterality. In both Asian and non-Asian populations, certain characteristics of GA may be associated with an increased risk of fast disease progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The characteristics of GA in Asian populations show some similarities as well as relevant differences compared with those in White and other non-Asian populations. A better understanding of the characteristics associated with GA subphenotypes and predictors of progression will help to optimize management strategies for Asian patients with GA and improve study designs for future interventional trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the cutoff values of axial length that is susceptible to develop advanced primary open angle glaucoma in patients aged less than 50 years.","authors":"Kenji Suda, Masahiro Miyake, Tadamichi Akagi, Hanako Ohashi Ikeda, Takanori Kameda, Tomoko Hasegawa, Shogo Numa, Akitaka Tsujikawa","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06827-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06827-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the correlation of the spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length with the visual field, and to determine cutoff values of SER and axial length for the risk of developing advanced primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with POAG or secondary glaucoma were retrospectively enrolled from a clinical database at Kyoto University Hospital between August 2011 and December 2018. Correlations between the mean deviation (MD) and axial length were evaluated in these patients using the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Advanced POAG was defined as having an MD of less than -12 dB as measured by the Humphrey visual field analyzer (HFA). The cutoff values of the axial length and SER for the risk of developing advanced POAG were determined using Fisher's exact test and Youden's J statistic for HFA 24-2 and 10-2, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 741 eyes of 438 patients. In POAG, axial length was negatively correlated with the MDs of the HFA 24-2 and 10-2. However, in secondary glaucoma, axial length did not significantly correlate with the MDs of the HFA. The cutoff axial length for the HFA 24-2 was 27.7 mm. For HFA 10-2, two peaks for the Youden's J statistic were observed, at 27.67 mm and 25.51 mm. No significant association was found between SER and severity of visual field changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Axial length measurement was clinically significant in assessing risk of severe or central visual field defects in young patients with POAG.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior-Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Patients Undergoing Supraciliary Glaucoma Drainage Device Implantation.","authors":"Julien Torbey, Amir Nassri, Harsha L Rao, Kaweh Mansouri","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06823-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06823-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate anatomical changes after implantation of a novel supraciliary minimally invasive glaucoma drainage device using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Monocentric prospective interventional case series. Forty-eight eyes with open-angle glaucoma underwent standalone or combined MINIject (MJ) implantation and were imaged postoperatively using AS-OCT at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Implant depth (D), implant position (O), cleft width (CW) in Circumferential Lake (CL) or Cleft Angle (CA), the amount of suprachoroidal fluid (SCF), and number of quadrants with visible SCF were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following MJ implantation, intraocular pressure (IOP) significantly decreased from 22.5 ± 9.0 mmHg to 14.1 ± 6.4 mmHg (p < 0.001) at 6 months, with concurrent reduction in ocular hypotensive medications from 2.4 ± 1.2 to 0.4 ± 0.9 (p < 0.001). SCF grading decreased from 3.1 ± 1.0 on day 1 to 1.5 ± 1.1 at 6 months (p < 0.001). Cleft width grade measured in length (CL) remained stable from 3.3 ± 0.9 to 3.2 ± 0.6 (p = 0.8), and arc-angle(CA) decreased from 35.9 ± 8.8 to 30.2 ± 7.1 degrees at 6 months (p = 0.07). The number of quadrants with visible SCF decreased from 3.7 ± 0.8 to 2.2 ± 1.6 (p < 0.001). Implant depth and orientation remained stable, with 45.5% of implants anterior, 33.3% at Schwalbe's line, and 21.2% behind it. Implant orientation varied, with 13.0% touching the iris, 69.6% pointing toward the anterior chamber, and 17.4% directed at the cornea.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AS-OCT is a noninvasive tool for imaging the supraciliary and suprachoroidal space after MINIject implantation. Over 6 months, we found a gradual decrease in the amount of SCF drainage and the number of quadrants with visible SCF. Cleft width remained stable and was not statistically associated with IOP lowering.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation in myopic eyes with open-angle glaucoma: association with myopic fundus changes.","authors":"Jing Huang, Nan Luo, Litong Ye, Lu Cheng, Yuzhou Xiang, Yu Yang, Huawen Lu, Jingjing Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06822-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06822-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated risk factors of peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation (PICC) in myopic eyes with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, eyes of consecutive participants were categorized into the myopia only group and the myopia with OAG group. PICC was identified by radial scans centered on the optic disc using optical coherence tomography. The myopic maculopathy, optic disc morphology, and visual field defect were also assessed. The prevalence of PICC was compared between the two groups, and risk factors of PICC in the myopia with OAG group were investigated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 775 enrolled myopic eyes with or without OAG, 58 eyes were found to have PICC. Compared with the myopia only group, the myopia with OAG group had a significantly higher prevalence of PICC (10.4% [44/422] vs 4.0% [14/353]) (P = 0.001). In the myopia with OAG group, participants with PICC were older and showed longer axial length, worse BCVA, more severe myopic fundus changes than those without PICC (all P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analysis showed that older age, optic disc tilt, inferior rotation of the optic disc, larger peripapillary atrophy, and posterior staphyloma were risk factors for PICC in the myopia with OAG group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PICC was more prevalent in eyes with myopia and coexisting OAG than in eyes with myopia alone. And risk factors for the presence of PICC in eyes with myopia and coexisting OAG were older age and more severe myopic fundus changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients over 90 years in a tertiary center in Germany: 90-TOSG report 2.","authors":"Focke Ziemssen, Ayşe Güzin Taşlipinar Uzel, Spyridon Dimopoulos, Jonas Neubauer, Karl Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, Faik Gelisken","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06821-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06821-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in patients aged over 90 years, a demographic that has been underrepresented in previous research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Retrospective, single-center, observational case series. The study included patients over 90 years old, excluding those with significant ocular trauma or other specific eye diseases affecting the retina. Data on demographic characteristics, RRD extent, surgical interventions, and postoperative outcomes were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 24 patients (24 eyes, 75% female) where the median age was 93 years (range: 91-98). Most patients displayed macular involvement, and about one-third experienced proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Surgical interventions primarily involved pars plana vitrectomy, with a noted delay from symptom onset to surgery averaging ten days. Postoperative improvements in visual acuity were significant, yet the final visual acuity remained low. Baseline median BCVA was 2.30 logMAR, and 1.0 (0.30-2.30) log MAR at the last visit (p = 0.017). RRD was in 52% of the eyes over two quadrants, in 83.3% with macula involvement, and in 37.5% with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) at baseline. Of these patients, 61.9% were pseudophakic. Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients underwent treatment and postoperative follow-up was available in 47.6% (n = 10) of the patients. Four of the 10 patients with follow-up had redetachment at the last visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high rate of macular involvement and the complexities associated with PVR highlight the challenges of treating RRD in the elderly. Delayed hospital presentation, impaired adherence to posturing and low postoperative follow-up rates may significantly impact the treatment success. This study underscores the need for tailored management strategies to improve outcomes in this age group.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>What is known An increase in retinal detachments has occurred mainly due to earlier lens surgery in the younger age group but will also occur in the old-aged group as a result of demographic changes. What is new Elderly patients show variable symptoms of retinal detachments and management is complicated by frequent ocular and systemic comorbidities. The clinical characteristics of detachments at age over 90 years include proliferative vitreoretinopathy and late presentation. Like vitreoretinal surgery at the end of life, the decision to operate presents a particular challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A post-hoc analysis of intravitreal aflibercept-treated nAMD patients from ARIES & ALTAIR: predicting treatment intervals and frequency for aflibercept treat-and-extend therapy regimen using machine learning.","authors":"Matthias Gutfleisch, Britta Heimes-Bussmann, Sökmen Aydin, Ratko Petrovic, Alexander Loktyushin, Masahito Ohji, Kanji Takahashi, Annabelle A Okada, Paula Scholz, Hossam Youssef, Ulrike Bauer-Steinhusen, Tobias Machewitz, Kai Rothaus, Albrecht Lommatzsch","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06812-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06812-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To predict potential treatment need during treat-and-extend (T&E) anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using an artificial intelligence (AI) model trained using transfer learning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ARIES and ALTAIR were randomized controlled Phase 3b/4 trials assessing intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) in patients with nAMD. Following treatment initiation with three monthly injections of IVT-AFL, treatment intervals were re-assessed continuously during the study based on prespecified criteria. In this post- hoc analysis, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans from Week (Wk) 8 and Wk 16 visits from patients treated with T&E regimens of 2 mg IVT-AFL over 2 years were utilized to predict individual treatment intervals and frequency. Automated image segmentation of the SD-OCT scans was performed, predictive models of treatment intervals and frequency were developed using machine learning or logistic regression methods, and their performance was evaluated using a fivefold cross-validation. A transfer learning technique was used to adapt existing AI models previously trained on a pro-re-nata therapy regimen to the T&E dataset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 205 ARIES and 112 ALTAIR patient datasets were used for training and evaluation. The following results were achieved with an AI model trained using transfer learning (for ARIES) and logistic regression (for ALTAIR). For prediction of the first treatment interval (short [< 12 weeks] or long [≥ 12 weeks]) following treatment initiation, at Visit 4 (Wk 16), the AI model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.87 and 0.78 for ARIES and ALTAIR, respectively. For assessment of the individual frequency of IVT-AFL in the first and second study years, the model achieved an AUC of 0.84 and 0.79, respectively, for ARIES, and 0.79 and 0.78, respectively, for ALTAIR. For prediction of the last intended individual treatment interval at the end of Year 2, the AI model achieved an AUC of 0.74 and 0.77 for ARIES and ALTAIR, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI trained using transfer learning can be used to predict potential treatment needs for anti-VEGF treatment in nAMD based on SD-OCT scans at Wk 8 and Wk 16, supporting medical decisions on interval adjustments and optimizing individualized IVT-AFL treatment regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) nomogram construction based on optical coherence tomography angiography parameters: a preliminary exploration of DR prediction.","authors":"Zongyi Zhan, Yuqing Lan, Zijing Li","doi":"10.1007/s00417-025-06824-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-025-06824-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To construct a diabetic retinopathy (DR) prediction nomogram based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters. Ophthalmologists can then use this nomogram to assess the risk of early-stage DR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who completed DR screening were enrolled and divided into training and validation sets. Fifteen parameters, including OCTA parameters, axial length (AL), age, and sex, were selected via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) in the training set. The chosen parameters were used to construct the model. Model performance was evaluated for both the training and validation sets via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). A corresponding nomogram was created.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 464 eyes from 464 patients were divided into a training set (324, 69.83%) and a validation set (140, 30.17%). The superficial parafoveal capillary density (CD), deep parafoveal CD, foveal CD in the 300 µm-wide area surrounding the foveal avascular zone (FD- 300 area), AL, and patient ages were included in the final model. The area under curve of the model was 0.825 in the training set and 0.831 in the validation set. The calibration curves showed good alignment between the actual and predicted outcomes in both datasets. DCA demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A model with good performance for predicting DR via OCTA parameters was developed. The superficial parafoveal CD, deep parafoveal CD, and FD- 300 area were important predictive parameters in this model. The corresponding nomogram may serve as a convenient tool for early DR risk prediction and lay the foundation for developing OCTA-based automated diagnostic software for early DR detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12795,"journal":{"name":"Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}