{"title":"Palladium/copper-catalyzed 1,2-arylboration of styrenes with b2pin2 and indoles","authors":"Fengxiang Zhu, Zhihui Jia, Fudong Zhang, Xiao-Feng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boryldifunctionalization of alkenes has emerged as a valuable synthetic tool for constructing complex organoboron compounds. While significant advances have been achieved in carboboration reactions with B<sub>2</sub>pin<sub>2</sub> and organohalides, the boryldifunctionalization of simple alkenes with nucleophiles remains relatively underdeveloped. Herein, we report a novel approach for 1,2-arylboration of styrenes using a palladium/copper catalytic system. This protocol enables a three-component coupling of readily available styrenes, B<sub>2</sub>pin<sub>2</sub>, and structurally diverse indoles through C–H functionalization, delivering 2-boryl-1,1-diarylalkanes in moderate to good yields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 614-617"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enantioselective synthesis of chiral N-arylpyrroles through photoinduced desymmetrization","authors":"Zi-Wei He, Dong Liang, Jia-Rong Chen, Ying Cheng, Wen-Jing Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The C–N axial chirality is widely present in natural products, bioactive molecules, and chiral ligands. Catalytic asymmetric construction of C–N axially chiral compounds is a challenging task due to the lower rotational barriers of the C–N bond. Here, we report catalytic asymmetric Minisci reaction of prochiral <em>N</em>-arylpyrroles with <em>α</em>-amino acid-derived redox-active esters to produce enantiomerically enriched <em>N</em>-arylpyrroles with a C–N axis by dual photoredox and chiral phosphoric acid catalysis. The desymmetrization strategy achieved a variety of <em>N</em>-arylpyrroles with generally good diastereo- and enantioselectivities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 610-613"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenxia Xu, Zhuolin Li, Yujia Gao, Naiwen Liu, Shuyi Pang, Jianping Lai, Lei Wang
{"title":"Microwave-assisted pyrolysis synthesis: Atomic-scale regulation for green and efficient catalyst preparation","authors":"Wenxia Xu, Zhuolin Li, Yujia Gao, Naiwen Liu, Shuyi Pang, Jianping Lai, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2026.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2026.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This perspective article systematically elaborates on the research progress of microwave-assisted pyrolysis synthesis (MAPS) for atomic-scale, precise regulation of catalysts, a green, energy-efficient fabrication strategy with great potential for high-performance catalyst synthesis despite inherent fundamental challenges. Focusing on core atomic-level scientific issues, it elaborates on microwave-matter interaction principles, atomic migration dynamics and interface coupling mechanisms, while underscoring the green advantages of MAPS technology in energy conservation, efficiency enhancement and environmental impact mitigation. It further analyzes key issues including metal precursor dissociation kinetics, atomic coordination modulation and metal-support interaction (MSI) dynamic instability, aiming to cut by-products and boost catalyst stability by optimized atomic synthesis pathways. By contrasting MAPS with traditional thermal synthesis, this work reveals the unique atomic diffusion-nucleation-anchoring competition in microwave fields and its low-temperature, rapid, low-carbon advantages. Finally, this study identified technical bottlenecks, outlined prospects for industrial-scale application, and laid the groundwork for sustainable catalyst production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 493-502"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The cascade annulation approach to quinoxalines by radical NHC catalysis","authors":"Tinglan Liu, Chengming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A wide range of functionalized quinoxalines were rapidly constructed by novel NHC-catalyzed cascade annulation of acyl oximes and isonitriles. The developed protocol characterized good functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope. Mechanistic investigations revealed that a single electron transfer radical process is possibly involved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 605-609"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Palladium-catalyzed ionic liquids-mediated cascade carbonylative alkynylation of diaryl ethers with alkynes","authors":"Jianxiao Li, Qianfan Yang, Yapei Qi, Huanfeng Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An NHC-palladium-catalyzed ionic liquid-mediated cascade carbonylative alkynylation of diaryl ethers with alkynes in basic “task-specific” ionic liquid for the assembly of structurally diverse alkynones is presented. In the presence of 1 mol% of IPr<sup>Ph2</sup>-Pd-Cin-Cl as the catalyst, ionic liquid [Aemim]BF<sub>4</sub> as the solvent and the base, a wide array of terminal alkynes and diaryl ethers could be excellently tolerated. It is particularly noteworthy that both NHC-palladium catalyst and basic “task-specific” ionic liquid play a crucial role in this catalytic system. This cascade carbonylative alkynylation features good yields (up to 92%), good functional group compatibility (33 examples), excellent regioselectivity, and a green synthetic process. Of note, the robustness and potential of this protocol have also been successfully demonstrated by the valorization of polyphenylene oxide wastes, gram scale experiment and the recycling experiment (7 times).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 561-566"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuben Qiao, Xiaodong Zhang, Qianqian Xu, Ikuro Abe, Aitao Li
{"title":"Applications of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in the biosynthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients","authors":"Yuben Qiao, Xiaodong Zhang, Qianqian Xu, Ikuro Abe, Aitao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) constitutes a pivotal juncture within the pharmaceutical industry, prompting researchers to relentlessly pursue novel methodologies that enhance both the efficiency and sustainability of this crucial process. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) have emerged as formidable biocatalysts in APIs synthesis, owing to their exceptional versatility, remarkable selectivity, and proficiency in executing intricate reactions (mainly focus on the C–H functionalization, such as the C–X bond formation, X = O, C, N, and S). This comprehensive review endeavors to offer an insightful overview of the applications of P450s in APIs synthesis, while underlining their myriad advantages, inherent challenges, and promising future prospects. Spanning the period from 2018 to 2024, this exploration aims to provide a contemporary perspective on the advancements and trends in this burgeoning field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 503-526"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in ligand-accelerated nickel-catalyzed carbonylation under CO gas","authors":"Yetong Zhang, Ning Zhao, Baoliang Lv, Yifeng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonyl groups are fundamental structural motifs in organic chemistry, prominently featured in drug molecules, functional materials, and as versatile synthetic intermediates. Transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation coupling reactions have become one of the most direct and efficient ways to construct carbonyl compounds. While historically dependent on precious noble metals, recent demands for greener and more sustainable chemical processes have driven the exploration of earth-abundant alternatives. Nickel catalysts have garnered significant attention in this context, owing to their distinctive catalytic properties and low cost. A significant hurdle in nickel-catalyzed carbonylation is the deactivation of the catalyst <em>via</em> the formation of stable Ni(CO)<sub>4</sub>. This review comprehensively surveys advancements over the last ten years in carbonylative coupling reactions catalyzed by nickel using gaseous CO, systematically analyzing successful strategies to mitigate catalyst poisoning. Finally, we discuss the remaining challenges and outline critical future research avenues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 542-554"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huan Zhang, Wen-Jie Liang, Jun-An Xiao, Wei Wang, Ru-Fang Meng, Kai Chen, Lan Zheng, Chenxiang Lin, Wei Su, Hua Yang
{"title":"Palladium-catalyzed allylic amination of vinyl bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes: A strain release approach toward alkylidenecyclobutanes","authors":"Huan Zhang, Wen-Jie Liang, Jun-An Xiao, Wei Wang, Ru-Fang Meng, Kai Chen, Lan Zheng, Chenxiang Lin, Wei Su, Hua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A palladium-catalyzed allylic amination of vinyl bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with amines is described. This protocol is featured with its novel activation model, broad substrate scope and mild reaction conditions, affording a wide variety of alkylidenecyclobutanes in good to excellent yields. DFT calculations suggest that the reaction probably follows a pathway involving palladium-catalyzed C-C bond cleavage, protonation, and nucleophilic allylic substitution. This approach is anticipated to further enrich the BCB chemistry and open new avenues for stereoselective access to bioisosteres of benzenes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 567-571"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaojie Liu, Lei Deng, Bangyue He, Shijun Huang, Biping Xu, Weiping Su
{"title":"A direct Ni-catalyzed deoxygenative Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of phenols via the formation of active O-phenyluronium","authors":"Xiaojie Liu, Lei Deng, Bangyue He, Shijun Huang, Biping Xu, Weiping Su","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we demonstrate that activation of phenols by tetramethylfluoroformamidinium hexafluorophosphate (TFFH) enables the establishment of the general Ni-catalyzed method for deoxygenative Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of phenols under mild conditions. This Ni-catalyzed method for the deoxygenative transformation of phenols enjoys the broad substrate scope for both coupling partners, and tolerates a great variety of the functional groups some of which are active towards Ni-mediated oxidative addition step, as exhibited by both the transformations of the complex biologically active molecules containing phenol fragments and syntheses of the direct precursors to complex biologically active compounds. Moreover, this Ni-catalyzed method offers a valuable complement to the traditional Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 592-597"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingyun Yang, Feiyu Qiu, Yi Chen, Yuan Gao, Tao Wang, Aiwen Lei, Wu Li
{"title":"Copper-catalyzed deuterodehalogenation of aryl halides","authors":"Lingyun Yang, Feiyu Qiu, Yi Chen, Yuan Gao, Tao Wang, Aiwen Lei, Wu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gresc.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is growing potential and interest in the development of precise and practical deuterium labelling methodologies using an easy-handling deuterated source for alkylarenes and methylarenes. Here we report a heterogeneous copper catalyst that enables dehalogenative deuteration of aromatic halides using D<sub>2</sub>O as a deuterium source. This methodology showed a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Using inexpensive and easy-handling D₂O as the deuterium source under mild conditions allows for the preparation of deuterated building blocks, representative drugs and late-stage labelling of bioactive molecules with high deuterium incorporation. In this reaction, DMF not only is a solvent, but also a precursor of CO surrogate and a base, which is essential to the deuterium incorporation. This methodology represents a practical and scalable deuteration (demonstrated by the synthesis of deuterium labelling products on the 50 g) and the air- and water-stable copper catalyst straightforwardly enables efficient labelling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12794,"journal":{"name":"Green Synthesis and Catalysis","volume":"7 5","pages":"Pages 598-604"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}