Geological Journal最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Ecological Degradation on the Green Development Efficiency: An Empirical Analysis Using the Novel Epsilon-Based Measure and Global Malmquist–Luenberger Index","authors":"Famanta Mahamane,&nbsp;Abid Ali Randhawa,&nbsp;Bilal Hussain,&nbsp;Javkhaa Tumennast,&nbsp;Abdelmohsen A. Nassani,&nbsp;Jamiatun Br Hombing,&nbsp;Cosimo Magazzino","doi":"10.1002/gj.5136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5136","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The profound consequences of ecological degradation on humanity's well-being are a severe matter acknowledged globally. This study examines the impact of ecological degradation on green development efficiency in less developed countries. A dataset from 1990 to 2020 was used to break down the impacts of ecological degradation on green development efficiency. Green development efficiency was calculated based on the epsilon-based measure model, while the dynamic change of green development efficiency was explored with the Global Malmquist-Luenberger Index model. The panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) and feasible generalised least squares (FGLS) models are conducted to test the influence of ecological degradation on green development efficiency. The results show that ecological degradation inhibits green development efficiency, whereas green FDI, urbanisation, and economic growth benefit the increase of green development efficiency. In addition, government intervention shows a negative correlation with green development efficiency. The results of the spatial Durbin model (SDM) of green development efficiency also demonstrate an overall strong negative spatial spillover effect on local and neighbouring regions, with more significant effects at levels of the surroundings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 6","pages":"1453-1473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the Tectonic Nature of Charnockites Across the Highland and Wanni Complexes in Northeastern Sri Lanka: Implications for Demarcating Their Uncertain Lithotectonic Boundary","authors":"P. L. Dharmapriya,&nbsp;W. M. R. Jayathilake,&nbsp;Lei Zhao,&nbsp;Pahan Abewardana,&nbsp;R. Kleinschrodt,&nbsp;N. D. Subasinghe","doi":"10.1002/gj.5147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The tectonic evolution of terranes and microblocks is crucial for understanding the supercontinental cycle. Sri Lanka, centrally located between East and West Gondwana, offers insights into late Neoproterozoic continental tectonics. Ambiguities in defining boundaries between the Highland Complex (HC) and Wanni Complex (WC) of Sri Lanka prompted this study. Utilising whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry, and U–Pb zircon geochronology, we explore charnockites at the inferred HC-WC boundary, revealing their tectonic nature. Charnockites on the WC side (CWCs) display tholeiitic trends, characterised as Fe-rich, metaluminous A2-type granites. Tectonic discrimination diagrams position CWCs in the within-plate granite field. The ²³⁸U/²⁰⁶Pb zircon geochronology of three WC-side charnockites gave Late Neoproterozoic metamorphic ages from 576 ± 37 to 561 ± 50 Ma and middle to early Neoproterozoic protolith crystallisation ages from 1011 ± 46 to 690 ± 15 Ma. Hence, protoliths of CWCs suggest some form of extensional tectonics in a continental environment during the early to middle Neoproterozoic that played a major role in the crustal evolution of the northeastern part of the WC. Out of the collected seven charnockites in the HC side (CHCs), three samples shared geochemical signatures resembling the CWCs. The ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U zircon ages of one of the samples yielded crystallisation age of ~780 ± 6 Ma and, metamorphic ages from 608 ± 9 to 541 ± 16 Ma, respectively. The rest of the CHCs exhibit calc-alkaline trend, identified as Mg-rich, metaluminous, I-type granites. Tectonic discrimination diagrams reveal volcanic arc signatures, indicating a subduction-related collisional tectonic setting. Geochemical and geochronological findings, coupled with field relations and prior research, lead to the interpretation that charnockites in the northeastern HC-WC boundary possess a distinctive geodynamic history, implying involvement in two distinct tectonic settings. Presently, at the erosion surface, the north-eastern portion of the HC-WC boundary, exhibits a highly diffused nature and manifests as a mixed rock zone.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 2","pages":"484-508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Study and Evaluation of Significant Landslides Applying Geospatial and InSAR Coherence Techniques in Garhwal Himalaya, India","authors":"Soumik Saha,&nbsp;Biswajit Bera","doi":"10.1002/gj.5152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5152","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Landslides are the common geo-environmental hazard in Himalayan terrain. In the Indian Himalayan terrain, landslide-related hazards have intensified in the past few decades as a result of human intervention in the geomorphological and geological equilibrium conditions. This paper investigates the occurrences and their associated factors (geomorphological, geological, human-related factors) and presents a complete geomorphological mapping of four selected landslides, i.e., landslide near the Budhakedar region (landslide-1/L1), landslide near the Saund region (landslide-2/L2), Sirobagad landslide zone (landslide-3/L3) and Rampur landslide near Sonprayag (landslide-4/L4). These slides are mainly reactivated landslides, which become active during the monsoon period. Rock strength analysis (using rebound values from a standard N-type Schmidt hammer) shows that the rebound value is around 30 in most of the cases, but in the case of landslide 2, the intact rocks have a rebound value near about 60–65. Landslides 1, 3 and 4 are rock-cum-debris slides dominated by gneiss-schist, phyllite and quartzite types of rock, respectively, and landslide 2 is mainly a rock slide. The grain size test shows that the soil is poorly graded, which is composed of gravel and sand in every case. In the case of slide 2 (rockslide), the soil is classified as gravelly soil. The landslide activeness has been detected based on interferometric coherence change detection analysis using single look complex (SLC) sentinel 1A imageries (pre-monsoon and post-monsoon). The coherence results enable us to detect surface deformation over time. The result based on the InSAR coherence technique also stipulated the surface deformation or reactivation of the slides after the effect of rainfall.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 7","pages":"1682-1700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genesis of the Bailingshan Iron Deposit in Eastern Tianshan, NW China: Constraints From Geology, Geochemistry and Isotopic Compositions","authors":"Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Yin-Hong Wang,&nbsp;Kang Wang,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Wen-Xin Gu,&nbsp;Wen-Xuan Xia","doi":"10.1002/gj.5150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Bailingshan deposit is located in the Yamansu arc in eastern Tianshan, NW China. As an economically significant iron deposit in the region, Bailingshan is spatially and temporally associated with volcanism and is hosted in the submarine volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the Middle Carboniferous Matoutan Formation, suggesting a potential genetic relationship. The trace element compositions of the major ore mineral (magnetite) from iron ores show lower Ga (1.99–10.80 ppm), Zn (10.0–42.8 ppm), V (9.8–17.3 ppm), Ti (21.2–77.8 ppm) and Cr (10.6–31.3 ppm), but higher Ni (21.0–92.8) and Ni/Cr (1.39–5.89). Together with an evaluation of the morphology of orebody, ore fabrics and petrology, we correlate the iron mineralisation at the Bailingshan area with the hydrothermal process. The δ¹⁸O values of magnetite span from −1.5‰ to 3.5‰, while the δ³⁴S values of pyrite sulphides range from 1.7‰ to 7.6‰, demonstrating a wide variation, which suggests that the source components of the ore-forming materials originated from a mixture of magma and seawater. In addition, the Pb isotopic compositions of pyrite are similar to those of igneous rocks (e.g., dacitic tuff and granodiorite) at Bailingshan, suggesting a common Pb isotope origin. Based on the results of this study, it is proposed that primary magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, which interacted with infiltrating seawater, played a crucial role in the significant iron mineralisation observed at Balingshan.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 7","pages":"1638-1652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Cretaceous W–Nb–Ta Mineralisation in the Southeastern Xingmeng Orogenic Belt, NE China: Geochronological Evidence From the Jiabusi Nb–Ta and Narewula W Deposits","authors":"Rongzhen Zhang,&nbsp;Xi Diao,&nbsp;Dehui Zhang,&nbsp;Zhu Li,&nbsp;Penglong Zhu,&nbsp;Lin Li,&nbsp;Li Wang","doi":"10.1002/gj.5141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Xianghuangqi region in the southeastern section of the Xingmeng Orogenic Belt (XMOB) has gained attention for its potential rare mineral yield, particularly from multiple W and Nb–Ta deposits. However, limited geochronological data limits our understanding of their origin and progress in W–Nb–Ta exploration. We thus performed ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar muscovite and U–Pb wolframite, cassiterite and columbite dating on the Jiabusi Nb–Ta and Narenwula W deposits within the Xianghuangqi region. Our findings revealed that the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau age of muscovite from the Jiabusi deposit (135.17 ± 1.34 Ma) aligns with that of the Narenwula W deposit (135.83 ± 1.43 Ma). This consistency is further supported by U–Pb dating of wolframite, cassiterite and columbite in Jiabusi, at 136.4 ± 2.0, 132.1 ± 3.1 and 136.0 ± 3.5 Ma, respectively. These data suggest that mineralisation of W–Nb–Ta in the Xianghuangqi area occurred during the Early Cretaceous, probably in association with the late-stage evolution of intrusions within the granite complex. Zircon U–Pb dating of Jiabusi albite granites yielded an age of 137.5 ± 1.2 Ma, indicating later formation than the Kusigui biotite granites, which date at approximately 149 Ma in the same region. The geochronological data highlight a regional Early Cretaceous event of W–Nb–Ta mineralisation around 135 Ma, influenced by tectonic interactions between the Mongolia–Okhotsk Ocean and the Paleo-Pacific Plate. We conclude that, most probably, W–Nb–Ta ore deposits of the southeastern segment of the XMOB in the Xianghuangqi area were emplaced during the Early Cretaceous.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 7","pages":"1539-1558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Overburden Deformation Mechanism and Surface Settlement Characteristics Induced by Underground Coal Mining: A Case Study","authors":"Qihang Li,&nbsp;Yunmin Wang,&nbsp;Jiawen Wang,&nbsp;Bin Gong,&nbsp;Xiaoshuang Li","doi":"10.1002/gj.5149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Underground mining in mountainous regions presents a significant geological hazard, characterised by the occurrence of land subsidence and movement of overlying strata. To aggrandise the theory of mine rock mechanics, we conducted a systematic investigation into the deformation and failure mechanisms of overlying strata as well as the patterns of surface subsidence in mountainous regions. With the method of engineering mechanics and theoretical analysis, supplemented by the universal distinct element code (UDEC) numerical simulation, the mining status of Songzao mine was simulated effectively. Herein, the results revealed that the nonlinearity of the overlying strata failure field occurred during mining, as evidenced by an increase in the failure field when the coal approached the seam roof. The subsidence curve of the underlying lower strata exhibits an inverted trapezoid pattern, while that of the overlying upper overburden displays a funnel-shaped trend. Additionally, the upward transmission displacement velocity was significantly attenuated due to the shielding effect exerted by the key stratum in the overburden, resulting in a greater spatial separation from the underlying strata. The critical stratum fractures as the working face advanced to 120 m, subsequently leading to an increase in vertical displacement and cessation of surface subsidence. The surface subsidence value and speed, however, exhibited a gradual increase as the coal seam mining progressed. Due to the influence of mountain surface landforms, the subsidence value of convex landforms surpasses that of concave landforms, thereby expediting the rate of subsidence and resulting in geological hazards.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 7","pages":"1622-1637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Transformation: Shaping the Future of Manufacturing With Green Technologies and Cleaner Production-Practices","authors":"Arsalan Zahid Piprani,&nbsp;Sajid Nazir,&nbsp;Wai Chuen Poon,&nbsp;Mahmood Ali,&nbsp;Shehnaz Tehseen","doi":"10.1002/gj.5137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In recent years, we have seen a manifold increase in natural calamities resulting from the continual degradation of our environment. The overuse of fossil fuels and other natural resources has contributed towards increasing global warming. This research investigates the environmental challenges posed by the overuse of natural resources and the subsequent carbon footprint. It emphasises the critical need for green technology and cleaner production practices to overcome environmental challenges. Focusing on developing countries, it investigates the effects of green technology and cleaner production-practices on energy efficiency, waste reduction and corporate sustainability in Pakistan's manufacturing industry. Through a cross-sectional analysis, it investigates the influence of sustainable practices on corporate sustainability in diverse manufacturing sectors. The findings reveal a positive correlation between the adoption of green technology and cleaner production-practices and a reduction in energy consumption, highlighting the significant role of resource commitment in enhancing the effectiveness of green technologies. However, the study notes a lack of significant impact of green technology on waste reduction and the broader concept of corporate sustainability, while cleaner production-practices show a beneficial influence on sustainability measures. This study contributes to the understanding of sustainable practices in emerging economies and underscores the importance of top management support and resource allocation in achieving environmental and economic sustainability goals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 6","pages":"1474-1487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Thermal Gradients Across Archean Stratigraphy Using Raman Spectra of Carbonaceous Material Thermometry and Mineral Chemistry in the Western Dharwar Craton, India","authors":"Lakshmanan Sreehari,&nbsp;Sasidharan Kiran,&nbsp;Tomokazu Hokada,&nbsp;Madhusoodhan Satish-Kumar,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Toyoshima,&nbsp;Krishnan Sajeev,&nbsp;Perumal Rajkumar,&nbsp;Justin K. Antony","doi":"10.1002/gj.5135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the metamorphic evolution of the Chitradurga Schist Belt (CSB) in the Western Dharwar Craton, India, emphasising its relationship with tectonic processes. Due to the limited availability of ideal mineral assemblages for calculating metamorphic temperatures, we selected metasedimentary rocks containing carbonaceous material (CM) from each stratigraphic unit in the CSB to understand the tectono-metamorphic evolution. Raman spectra of carbonaceous material (RSCM) thermometry was integrated with mineral chemical analyses to elucidate the regional metamorphic conditions. These findings were then coupled with the microstructural evolution and deformation history of the CSB to clarify the tectonic evolution of the terrane. Our findings reveal a distinct metamorphic gradient, with the Bababudan Group exhibiting amphibolite-facies metamorphism at temperatures exceeding 500°C. Other stratigraphic units in the study area recorded greenschist-facies metamorphism at temperatures below 450°C. Detailed examinations of metamorphic mineral assemblages align with RSCM temperature estimates; hornblende is a major constituent in the Bababudan Group and is replaced by actinolite and chlorite during D₂ or D₃ deformation. Hydrous minerals such as muscovite and chlorite are distributed across all stratigraphic units, appearing along S₂ or S₃ foliation. The metamorphism in the Bababudan Group is likely linked to the early stages of collisional events/metamorphism of pre-rift sequences. In contrast, the pervasive hydration and lower-grade metamorphism are associated with the later stages of hinterland-thrust belt formation. This study highlights the significant influence of plate tectonic processes on regional-scale metamorphism and deformation in the Meso-Neoarchean Dharwar Craton.</p>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 2","pages":"560-581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gj.5135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enrichment Mechanism of Helium in the Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field, Sichuan Basin, SW China","authors":"Jianglin He,&nbsp;Shuangjian Li,&nbsp;Ahmed Mansour,&nbsp;Ankun Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhou,&nbsp;Dong Wang,&nbsp;Jian Gao,&nbsp;Zhenghe Wang,&nbsp;Lixia Zhu","doi":"10.1002/gj.5144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Sichuan Basin, uranium (U) and thorium (Th) are more abundant in organic-rich shale than in granitic rocks, suggesting that organic-rich shale is a significant source rock for helium (He). However, the He generation potential of organic-rich shale and He enrichment mechanisms in shale gas fields remain limited in understanding. Based on the He, U and Th concentration tests, fluid inclusion analysis in the Jiaoshiba shale gas field, it was found that the He concentrations in shale gas is 340–730 ppm. The helium-rich shale gas (≥ 500 ppm) was primarily found in synclinal units. The biggest helium abundance area (0.27 m³/m²) is located at the core of the Jiaoshiba anticline. The He is not solely derived from Wufeng–Longmaxi shale itself, for the current helium abundance (0.15–0.27 m³/m²) exceeds its historical He generation intensity (0.063–0.104 m³/m²) calculated by the U and Th concentration of the shale. Low-angle deep faults are more favourable for He capture than high-angle deep faults. The generation intensity of hydrocarbon is 21,851–29,224 times greater than He, which indicates that the dilution of hydrocarbon to He in organic-rich shale is more significantly than in common source rocks (3000 times). The He enrichment model in the study area includes three stages: continuous burial, fold-dominated, and fault-dominated stages. In the anticline zone, He is continuously accumulated as carrier gas migration. In the syncline zone, He is mainly accumulated as the migration of carrier gas along faults and the water flows the aquifer, at the fault-dominated stage. He-rich gas is preferentially accumulated in shallow gas reservoirs associated with deep faults, and the shale gas layers in synclinal zones adjacent to low-angle deep faults.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 8","pages":"2049-2071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Astronomical Cycles in Fine-Grained Rocks and Their Application in High-Resolution Stratigraphic Correlation: A Case Study of the Fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Leijia Area, Western Sag of the Liaohe Depression, China","authors":"Yang Li,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Li,&nbsp;Tingshan Zhang,&nbsp;Chang Chen,&nbsp;Jinpeng Li,&nbsp;Peng Lai,&nbsp;Yang Gao","doi":"10.1002/gj.5140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.5140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the Western Sag of the Liaohe Depression within the Bohai Bay Basin, the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation (E₂s₄) in the Leijia area is characterised by lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary rocks, primarily composed of clay, felsic minerals, carbonates and analcime. These rocks serve as the key hydrocarbon reservoirs in the region. However, their complex lithology and rapid lateral variations lead to significant reservoir heterogeneity, posing challenges for the identification of favourable reservoirs. This study addresses these challenges through cyclostratigraphic analysis to enhance stratigraphic resolution and improve reservoir prediction. We employed time-series analysis, high-precision U–Pb carbonate dating and gamma ray (GR) logging data to identify astronomical cycles within the E₂s₄ fine-grained mixed rocks. Spectral analysis of GR data from wells lei93, lei37, lei53 and lei14 revealed signals consistent with standard eccentricity, obliquity and precession cycles. Using the 405 kyr long eccentricity cycle for astronomical tuning, we established a detailed chronostratigraphic framework for the E₂s₄, constrained by U–Pb dating results from several wells. In total, we identified six long eccentricity cycles (405 kyr) and approximately 19 short eccentricity cycles (~129 kyr). The correlation between Earth's orbital cycles and high-frequency sequences allowed us to construct a refined stratigraphic division and correlation framework at an eccentricity timescale. This refined framework offers a clearer understanding of reservoir distribution, greatly enhancing hydrocarbon exploration accuracy in the Leijia area. Moreover, our findings highlight the significant role of cyclostratigraphy in guiding future oil and gas exploration efforts in the Bohai Bay Basin, showcasing its potential application in broader geological contexts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12784,"journal":{"name":"Geological Journal","volume":"60 6","pages":"1515-1531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}