Geochemistry International最新文献

{"title":"Study of the Effects of Different Factors on Crystal Growth from Solution: Data of Atomic Force Microscopy","authors":"N. N. Piskunova","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700289","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to crystallographically reconstruct the growth processes of mineral crystals and to establish fundamental patterns in crystal growth at a nanoscale, the effects of various factors on the characteristics of layer-by-layer crystal growth from solution were modeled using atomic force microscopy (AFM). In an experiment on growth in the area of a scratch, it was shown, using an original method of AFM data processing, that the average rate diagrams indicate a situation of a self-organization process: stable auto-oscillations in the growth rate. Comparison of the results with data on the growth of similar uninfluenced hillocks leads to the conclusion that giant fluctuations and the phenomenon of simultaneous growth and dissolution in local areas are caused by nanoindentation, when the strain from artificially formed defects strongly influences the evolution of the surface. In an AFM experiment on the trapping of foreign solid particles by a growing crystal at the nanoscale, the process of formation of a screw dislocation initiated by a foreign inclusion particle was registered. To theoretically explain the process, a three-stage mechanism is proposed that involves strain relaxation around the inclusion particle by the formation of one or more dislocations prior to the sealing of the inclusion during the first stage, the attachment of edge dislocations to them during the time of overgrowing in the second stage, and the development of a resulting dislocation after the particle has been completely sealed during the third stage. In studying growth in a flow cell, the mechanism of nanoscale reorientation of the growth hillock in the direction of the flow was established at a nanoscale, and the phenomenon of a change in the dominant hillock was registered. The resulting dissolution patterns in the channel are a clear demonstration of Curie’s Symmetry Principle, according to which only those symmetry elements of a body in an environment can be preserved that are shared by the body and the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 6","pages":"634 - 646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141610185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methane Fluxes from a Rich Fen: Relations with the Hydrochemistry and the Dissolved Carbon Isotopic Composition","authors":"E. A. Soldatova,&nbsp;V. N. Kolotygina,&nbsp;L. A. Krivenok,&nbsp;V. Ivanov,&nbsp;T. A. Kremleva","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700290","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700290","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the framework of the eutrophic Ob fen study, methane fluxes were measured by the chamber method, and water was sampled for the analysis of general chemical composition, content of biophilic elements (C, N, and P) and δ¹³C of the dissolved inorganic carbon (δ¹³C-DIC). Samples were taken from open and forested areas within the fen, with the latter having long received discharged domestic wastewaters. The methane emissions positively correlate with the concentrations of nitrogen compounds and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In both areas, higher methane emissions were observed from waterlogged microdepressions than from dry elevated microlandscape features. The largest emission was observed from the microdepressions in the forested area near the wastewater discharge point, where the extreme values of CH₄ fluxes were almost 30 times higher than the background ones. However, the methane fluxes decrease to the background level at 160 m from the wastewater discharge point, together with the concentrations of almost all nitrogen and carbon compounds dissolved in the fen water. This led us to conclude that wastewater pollution significantly affects the intensity of methane fluxes by increasing ebullitive methane emission near the pollution source. The isotopic composition of the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was heavier in the forested area (δ¹³C-DIC = –9.64 to –9.21‰) than in the open one (–12.83 to –11.24‰). In the open area of the fen, DIC isotopic composition became heavier away from the dry upland, correlating with the increase in the methane fluxes. The obtained data indicate that methane-generating processes are more active in the forested area of the fen than in the open one and become more active in the open area with increasing distance from the dry upland. This highlights the potentialities of using δ¹³C-DIC as a fingerprint of wastewater pollution, at least in the Ob fen area.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 6","pages":"647 - 658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141610071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferruginous Mineral Waters of Western Transbaikalia: Formation of Gas, Trace Elements, and Dissolved Organic Matter Composition","authors":"A. V. Ukraintsev,&nbsp;A. M. Plyusnin,&nbsp;M. K. Chernyavskii","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700307","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700307","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of study of ferruginous mineral waters. The waters under consideration are discharged on the territory of Western Transbaikalia and belong to the anoxic sulfide-free and acidic types. The peculiarities of the formation of gas, major and trace elements, and dissolved organic substance composition have been established using modern methods. It has been shown that the chemical composition of the waters is greatly influenced by acid–base conditions. Acidic ferruginous waters contain large amounts of heavy metals; organic matter is mainly represented by low molecular weight organic compounds. The only metals present in significant amounts in ferruginous waters are manganese and zinc. Dissolved organic matter is represented by diverse types of high-molecular weight compounds that are formed as a result of biotic processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 6","pages":"659 - 673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141610072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfur Isotopic Composition of Sulfides and Sulfates from Rocks of Carbonatite Complexes of the Devonian Kola Alkaline Province","authors":"E. N. Kozlov,&nbsp;E. N. Fomina,&nbsp;V. N. Reutsky,&nbsp;M. Yu. Sidorov","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700253","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700253","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents the sulfur isotopic characteristics in baryte from carbonatites of the Sallanlatva massif and sulfides (mainly pyrite and pyrrhotite) from carbonatites, phoscorites and products of their contact interaction with the host silicate rocks of most carbonatite-bearing complexes of the Devonian Kola Alkaline Province (KAP). For some complexes (Ozernaya Varaka, Kontozero), these characteristics are reported for the first time. The determined range of δ³⁴S variations of sulfides in one complex does not exceed 4‰, but reaches 20‰ for the entire Kola Alkaline Province. This may be related to the evolution style of carbonatites and associated rocks. It is shown that the δ³⁴S value in sulfides decreases from (1) the least evolved volcanic carbonatites of the Kontozero complex (δ³⁴S_avg. = –1.3‰) through (2) carbonatites and phoscorites of the Kovdor, Ozernaya Varaka, Sokli, and Salmagora massifs towards (3) the rocks of Seblyavr, Vuoriyarvi, and, finally, the carbonatites of Sallanlatva (δ³⁴S_avg. = –14.7‰) massifs, where sulfides differ from those of other KAP carbonatites in their exceptionally low δ³⁴S values. The carbonatite volcanics of Kontozero are almost barren of REE mineralization; carbonatites of the second group contain accessory amounts of REE minerals; the third group is peculiar in the abundance of late carbonatites, where REE carbonates are frequently major minerals. Thus, the greater the volume of REE minerals in carbonatites of the complex, the lower the δ³⁴S value in sulfides from its carbonatites and associated rocks. For the first time in the KAP, the sulfur isotopic composition of associated baryte–pyrite pairs was studied in the Sallanlatva carbonatites. The sulfur isotopic characteristics are shown to correspond to the final low-temperature (250–350°C) stage of carbonatite evolution in oxidized conditions, which satisfies the parameters of baryte crystallization. Since the studied samples of the Sallanlatva carbonatites are explosive breccias, the oxidized composition of fluids may indicate their phreatomagmatic nature, i.e., formation due to the interaction of intruded hot matter (melt/fluid) with meteoric waters.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 6","pages":"561 - 573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141610182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: Geochemical Markers of the Norilsk Ore-Bearing Intrusions: Case Study of the Maslovsky Deposit","authors":"Yu. A. Kostitsyn,&nbsp;N. A. Krivolutskaya,&nbsp;A. V. Somsikova,&nbsp;M. O. Anosova,&nbsp;I. V. Kubrakova,&nbsp;N. D. Tolstykh,&nbsp;B. I. Gongalsky,&nbsp;I. A. Kuzmin","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924980015","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924980015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 6","pages":"674 - 674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralogical, Geochemical and Nd Isotopic Study of the Meta-Clastic Rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Mahakoshal Basin, Central Indian Tectonic Zone: Implications for Provenance Characterization, Paleoweathering Conditions and Tectonic Setting","authors":"Kamaal Parvez,&nbsp;M. E. A. Mondal,&nbsp;Iftikhar Ahmad,&nbsp;Waliur Rahaman,&nbsp;Anil D. Shukla,&nbsp;Wamiq Mohammed Khan","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700472","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700472","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study focuses on the petrographic studies, XRD patterns, whole-rock geochemical data and Nd isotopic data of the clastic rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Mahakoshal Basin which includes meta-argillites, meta-greywackes and quartzites to characterize their provenance, tectonic setting, weathering intensity, and paleoclimate condition. Geochemically, the rock samples of meta-argillite and meta-greywacke in the bivariate plot Log Na₂O/K₂O vs. Log SiO₂/Al₂O₃ are classified as litharenite and greywacke. The samples of quartzite fall in the fields from the sublitharenite to quartzarenite. The weathering indices such as CIA, <span>(alpha _{{{text{Ca}}}}^{{{text{Al}}}})</span>, <span>(alpha _{{{text{Na}}}}^{{{text{Al}}}})</span>, <span>(alpha _{{text{K}}}^{{{text{Al}}}})</span>, <span>(alpha _{{{text{Sr}}}}^{{{text{Al}}}})</span>, <span>(alpha _{{{text{Ba}}}}^{{{text{Al}}}})</span> and Th/U suggest that the clastic rocks have undergone moderate to intense chemical weathering and show K-metasomatism. Chondrite normalized REE patterns, discriminant diagrams of La–Th–Sc and Ni–V–10*Th and various transition elements ratio such as Cr/Th, Th/Co, Th/Sc, and La/Sc support the mixing of the mafic, intermediate and felsic sources. The Eu anomaly is highly variable and ranges from 0.29 to 1.08 and supports that the sediments have been derived from the heterogeneous source. T_CHUR model ages are consistent with 1.98–2.92 Ga possible provenance. εNd(t) and <i>f</i>(Sm/Nd) values overlap with the arc and the Archean crust signatures indicating that the sediments are derived from a Paleoproterozoic arc and older Archean crust (TTG gneisses and Archean granite). The opening of the Mahakoshal Basin is characterized by the retreating accretionary orogen and the closure of the basin is due to switching retreating accretionary orogen into advancing accretionary orogen which is contemporaneous to the assembly of the Columbia Supercontinent (∼1.8 Ga).</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 13","pages":"1378 - 1404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141586094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studying the Influence of Soil Characteristics on Selenium Distribution in Bas-Chellif Soils Algeria and Predicting Speciation Patterns","authors":"M. Ait Mechedal,&nbsp;H. Laoufi,&nbsp;K. Ouamer-ali,&nbsp;K. Djili,&nbsp;Y. Daoud,&nbsp;D. B. Sims","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700460","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700460","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Knowledge of the geochemistry of selenium (Se) is crucial for understanding its behavior in the environment. While numerous studies have explored selenium geochemistry, there is a notable inadequacy, especially in extreme soil conditions such as saline soils, which are widespread globally. This study focuses on characterizing the geochemistry of selenium in saline soils, with a specific focus on the El Hamadna perimeter in Bas-Cheliff, Algeria. This location was chosen due to its diverse salinity levels and selenium content. Utilizing Phreeqc software, the study examines selenium’s chemical speciation. In the arid soils of this region, predicted selenium (IV) concentrations range from 0.19 to 3.05 mg kg^–1, and selenium (VI) concentrations range from 0.54 to 5.58 mg kg^–1. A significant negative correlation was observed between total selenium and Se(VI) concentrations with pH, whereas Se(IV) showed a positive and significant correlation with pH. No correlation was found between selenium concentrations and the salinity gradient in the studied soils. Non-significant correlations were observed between selenium levels and CaCO₃, clay, and organic matter in the soils, suggesting that these soil properties do not influence the distribution of selenium concentrations in the examined soils. Only the pH and the presence of the main form MgSeO₃ control the representation of selenium in the soil profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 8","pages":"897 - 907"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141586138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REE Distribution in the Water and Bottom Sediments of Small Lakes within the Ukok Plateau and the Ulagan Depression (Russian Altai)","authors":"V. D. Strakhovenko,&nbsp;E. A. Ovdina,&nbsp;G. I. Malov,&nbsp;V. I. Malov","doi":"10.1134/S001670292470037X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S001670292470037X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The contemporary scientific investigations delves into the mechanisms of migration, distribution, and fractionation of rare earth elements and yttrium (REE + Y) in aqueous environments characterized by humid and arid sedimentogenesis. This particular facet has been employed to solve numerous fundamental inquiries pertaining to lithology and paleolimnology. The manner in which REE + Y behave in water bodies within the cryolithozone remains largely unexplored. By evaluating the concentration levels and distribution patterns of REE + Y in the waters and sediments of the lakes situated in the Ukok Plateau and the Ulagan depression, under the prevailing conditions of cryolithogenesis as the primary geochemical process transforming rocks, soils, and sediments, we were able to augment the existing comprehension of nival sedimentation. In all the lakes examined, the content of REE + Y in the water exhibits a similar magnitude as that of small lakes in other landscape zones of the southern Western Siberia, while the content level of REE + Y is greater in the bottom sediments. The concentrations, distribution and fractionation of REE + Y vary from lake to lake and are determined by several factors: the chemical properties of REE + Y in solutions, the intensity of transformation of host rocks and the mineral forms of the REE + Y in the rocks (minerals). The concentrations, distribution and fractionation of REE + Y in bottom sediments vary slightly from lake to lake except for the contents of Eu, Y, La. The content of Eu, Y, La in the bottom sediment of the lake is influenced by a combination of factors, including their concentrations in the water, the redox conditions of diagenesis, and the mineral composition of the bottom sediment, particularly the amount of accessory minerals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 7","pages":"772 - 791"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141192614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Timing and Genesis of Late Paleoproterozoic Molybdenum Mineralization in the East Qinling Molybdenum Belt, China: Constraints from the Zhaiwa Deposit","authors":"Bing Yu,&nbsp;Qingdong Zeng,&nbsp;Shuai Gao,&nbsp;Jianling Xue,&nbsp;Xiaofei Zhang","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700381","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700381","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The East Qinling Molybdenum Belt (EQMB), which is located on the southern margin of the North China Craton (NCC), is the largest Mo province in the world. This belt hosts a significant number of Mesozoic magmatic-hydrothermal Mo deposits and a small portion of pre-Mesozoic Mo deposits. Understanding the mineralization timing and mechanism of the unique pre-Mesozoic Mo deposits is essential to comprehend the evolution of the EQMB, the pre-Mesozoic Mo enrichment, and the Mesozoic Mo mineralization event. The recently discovered Zhaiwa deposit is a porphyry Mo deposit located in the Xiong’er Terrane of the EQMB. In this study, five molybdenite samples from the Mo-bearing quartz veins were analyzed for Re-Os isotopes composition. These samples yield an isochron age of 1794 ± 45 Ma, which represents the age of mineralization. The mineralization is mostly hosted within the biotite-amphibole plagiogneiss and granite porphyry. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of zircons constrain the crystallization age of the granite porphyry to be at 1791 ± 16 Ma. The close spatial and temporal association suggests that the granite porphyry is the causative rocks of the Mo mineralization. The δ³⁴S values of pyrite vary from 5.3 to 6.8‰, suggesting that the S was mainly derived from magmatic source. The intrusion of magmas and associated Mo mineralization are contemporaneous to the regional Xiong’er volcanism that occurred during the late Paleoproterozoic. The Xiong’er volcanism was triggered by partial melting of lithospheric mantle in an extensional setting. The results of our study provide robust evidence for a late Paleoproterozoic Mo metallogenic event along the southern margin of the NCC. Future exploration should also consider the potential of late Paleoproterozoic porphyry Mo mineralization existing in the EQMB, which is closely associated with the Xiong’er volcanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 7","pages":"733 - 747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141198398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry of the Bottom Sediments of Lake Peyungda, Tunguska Nature Reserve, and Paleoclimatic Reconstructions of the Arctic Territories of Eastern Siberia","authors":"V. S. Novikov,&nbsp;A. V. Darin,&nbsp;V. V. Babich,&nbsp;F. A. Darin,&nbsp;D. Yu. Rogozin","doi":"10.1134/S0016702924700216","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0016702924700216","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lake Peyungda contains annually layered bottom sediments (varves), which make it possible to build a reliable age model for the entire depth of the core. An age model was refined over the last century based on the presence of a layer of anomalous thickness associated with the fall of the Tunguska cosmic body (TCB) in June 1908. The results of scanning µXRF-SI (elemental analysis along core depth) were used for comparison with regional average annual weather observation data over the time span of 1895–2000 to create a transfer function: average annual temperature as a function of the elemental composition of the dated layer of bottom sediment. Approximation of the obtained function to the depth of core sampling made it possible to reconstruct changes in regional temperature over the time interval of the last millennium with an annual time resolution. Comparison of the obtained reconstruction with literature data on reconstructions for the Arctic region over the past 1000 years shows the presence of general trends and extremes, which confirms the reliability of the obtained results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12781,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry International","volume":"62 5","pages":"520 - 528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141132704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}