Genes to Cells最新文献_第3页

Effects of VEGFA and ANGPT2 Antibodies on the Activation of Microglia in the Early Stages of Streptozotocin-Induced Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy vegf和ANGPT2抗体对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病视网膜病变早期小胶质细胞活化的影响

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70036

Toshiro Iwagawa, Yuta Inokuchi, Kosuke Saita, Tetsuhiro Soeda, Ayumi Usui-Ouchi, Makoto Aihara, Sumiko Watanabe

{"title":"Effects of VEGFA and ANGPT2 Antibodies on the Activation of Microglia in the Early Stages of Streptozotocin-Induced Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy","authors":"Toshiro Iwagawa, Yuta Inokuchi, Kosuke Saita, Tetsuhiro Soeda, Ayumi Usui-Ouchi, Makoto Aihara, Sumiko Watanabe","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70036","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is known as a microvascular complication, in which various inflammatory symptoms, including activation of microglia, are observed. A model of hyperglycemia resembling type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) has been widely used. We examined the effects of anti- vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and anti-angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) antibodies in addition to a bispecific antibody against VEGFA and ANGPT2 by intravitreously administrated to the eyes on early signs, especially the activation of microglia in STZ-treated mice eyes. After 14 weeks of STZ administration, alterations in activity by ERG and CD31 staining patterns were not observed. Although a difference in the number of microglia in the retina between normal and STZ-model retinas was not observed, the morphology of microglia had changed from ramified in control to amoeboid shape in STZ model at 4 days after the antibodies injection. Detailed morphological examination showed decreases in area, ramification index, and tree length in the STZ-model retinas compared with normal retinas. Recovery from these decreases was demonstrated mainly by the administration of the bispecific antibody. These results suggest that anti-VEGFA/ANGPT2 therapy may suppress the activation of microglia in the early stages of DR.","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gtc.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Dual Inhibition of VEGF-A and Angpt-2 on Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in an Alkali-Induced Corneal Injury Model VEGF-A和Angpt-2双重抑制对碱性角膜损伤模型血管生成和淋巴管生成的影响

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70035

Hiroshi Kuribayashi, Toshiro Iwagawa, Souta Kadohara, Hirokazu Ohashi, Chihiro Kawaji, Takeru Iida, Tomoya Suzuki, Yuta Inokuchi, Tetsuhiro Soeda, Kosuke Saita, Makoto Aihara, Nobuyuki Ebihara, Takashi Miyai, Sumiko Watanabe

{"title":"Effects of Dual Inhibition of VEGF-A and Angpt-2 on Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in an Alkali-Induced Corneal Injury Model","authors":"Hiroshi Kuribayashi, Toshiro Iwagawa, Souta Kadohara, Hirokazu Ohashi, Chihiro Kawaji, Takeru Iida, Tomoya Suzuki, Yuta Inokuchi, Tetsuhiro Soeda, Kosuke Saita, Makoto Aihara, Nobuyuki Ebihara, Takashi Miyai, Sumiko Watanabe","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70035","url":null,"abstract":"Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is frequently observed after various corneal injuries and corneal transplantation, leading to impairment of corneal transparency. Lymphangiogenesis and the inflammatory response often accompany CNV. Chemical injury is one of the most common causes of CNV, and alkali injury has been widely used as an animal model of this pathological state. We examined the effects of subconjunctival injection of an anti-VEGFA antibody (anti-VEGFA_ab), anti-ANGPT2 antibody (anti-ANGPT2_ab), and bispecific antibody against VEGFA and ANGPT2 (BsAb) in CNV using the alkali injury mouse model. The pathological indexes were examined using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and whole-mount immunostaining, and gene expression patterns were examined using RT-qPCR. Treatment with anti-VEGFA_ab, anti-ANGPT2_ab, or BsAb did not affect the swelled thickness of the cornea; however, angiogenesis, but not lymphangiogenesis, was hampered by the treatment of either one of the antibodies. We observed an increase in the mRNA levels of Vegfa, Angpt2, Il1b, and Cx3cr1 following alkali injury. The administration of BsAb suppressed the induction of Vegfa and Cx3cr1. Additionally, BsAb treatment enhanced the mRNA levels of Angpt1 in this model. This study demonstrates the potential of dual VEGFA and ANGPT2 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for CNV.","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gtc.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional Analysis of Adhesion GPCR Latrophilin 2 (ADGRL2) in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells MDA-MB-231人乳腺癌细胞粘附GPCR亲Latrophilin 2 （ADGRL2）的功能分析

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-22 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70030

Sarmoko, Manami Toriyama, Noriko Kaji, Hiroshi Itoh

{"title":"Functional Analysis of Adhesion GPCR Latrophilin 2 (ADGRL2) in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"Sarmoko, Manami Toriyama, Noriko Kaji, Hiroshi Itoh","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 The tumor microenvironment strongly influences cancer cell behavior, including growth, migration, invasiveness, and gene expression dynamics. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCR) play critical roles in cell–cell or cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction. This study aims to investigate the functions and elucidate signaling of Latrophilin-2 (LPHN2), an aGPCR, in breast cancer progression using MDA-MB-231 cells. LPHN2-deficient MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited decreased invasion-like sphere structure in 3D culture, reduced proliferation, diminished adhesion to collagen I, and impaired migration activity. Reporter assays and pharmacological inhibition experiments revealed that the C-terminal fragment (CTF) of LPHN2 activates SRE- and CREB-mediated gene transcription while activating ROCK and PKA signaling pathways. Additionally, downregulation of Gα12/13 and Gαs reduced cell migration in both wild-type and CTF-overexpressing LPHN2-knockout cells, demonstrating that LPHN2 couples to Gα12/13 and Gαs signaling pathways. These findings highlight the functional significance of LPHN2 in breast cancer cell behavior and provide potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer intervention.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long Noncoding RNA CCDC26 Interacts With Vimentin, HNRNPC, CBX1, and CBX5 Proteins in Multiple Intracellular Compartments of Myeloid Leukemia Cells 长链非编码RNA CCDC26在髓系白血病细胞内多个区室中与Vimentin、HNRNPC、CBX1和CBX5蛋白相互作用

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70034

Yuka Tanaka, Atsuhiko Ishida, Hironori Harada, Tetsuo Hirano

{"title":"Long Noncoding RNA CCDC26 Interacts With Vimentin, HNRNPC, CBX1, and CBX5 Proteins in Multiple Intracellular Compartments of Myeloid Leukemia Cells","authors":"Yuka Tanaka, Atsuhiko Ishida, Hironori Harada, Tetsuo Hirano","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various biological events. Previously we reported that lncRNA CCDC26 controls myeloid leukemia cell proliferation and mortality by regulating the proto-oncogene KIT. However, the mechanism of lncRNA CCDC26 effects on carcinogenesis and cell differentiation remains unclarified. To investigate the mechanism of lncRNA CCDC26 activity, we analyzed its protein partners using the S1 aptamer/cross-linking-immunoprecipitation (S1-CLIP) experiment. We identified a cytoskeleton protein (vimentin), chromatin proteins (chromobox 1/5 transcription factors [CBX1 and CBX5]) and a nuclear splicing-related protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (HNRNPC) as its interaction partners. As lncRNA CCDC26 is ubiquitously present in the cell (in cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and chromatin cellular fractions); these results evidence that lncRNA CCDC26 is a unique multifunctional lncRNA that functions by interacting with several proteins in multiple intracellular compartments. We further identified the sequence through which it interacts with proteins by using a series of truncated-lncRNA CCDC26 fragments and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments. Furthermore, using RIP, we identified the vimentin domain required for the lncRNA CCDC26 binding. Notably, CCDC26 knockdown reduced CBX1/CBX5 binding at certain gene promoters, correlating with increased gene expression. These findings suggest that CCDC26 may regulate transcription by interacting with CBX1 and CBX5.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RNF213-Dependent EGFR and HER2 Activation Regulates Specific Downstream Signaling Pathways in Human Cancer Cells 依赖rnf213的EGFR和HER2激活调节人类癌细胞特异性下游信号通路

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70033

Intisar M. Fouad, Jungmi Choi, Qianying Huang, Minsoo Kim, Seiji Masuda, James A. Hejna, Yohei Mineharu, Akio Koizumi, Tohru Tezuka, Shohab Youssefian

{"title":"RNF213-Dependent EGFR and HER2 Activation Regulates Specific Downstream Signaling Pathways in Human Cancer Cells","authors":"Intisar M. Fouad, Jungmi Choi, Qianying Huang, Minsoo Kim, Seiji Masuda, James A. Hejna, Yohei Mineharu, Akio Koizumi, Tohru Tezuka, Shohab Youssefian","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70033","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we reveal a novel relationship between RNF213, an E3 ubiquitin ligase associated with Moyamoya disease (MMD) and the ubiquitination of both endogenous and pathogenic substrates, and EGFR, the epithelial growth factor receptor involved in cell growth, angiogenesis, and cancer. RNF213 knockdown or knockout in HeLa and A549 cells markedly reduces EGFR phosphorylation at key tyrosine sites following EGF and TGFα stimulation. In RNF213 knockout cells, HER2 phosphorylation, typically activated through heterodimerization with EGFR, and Src recruitment and/or phosphorylation are also diminished. Mutations in the RNF213 RING, RZ finger, or AAA+ domains, including the prevalent R4810K mutation in MMD, consistently reduce EGFR phosphorylation. In vivo, EGF injections increase EGFR and HER2 phosphorylation in WT but not in RNF213 knockout mice. Despite the reduced phosphorylation levels of these tyrosine kinases in knockout cells, the activation of downstream signals such as AKT, ERK1/2, and STAT3 remains unaffected, although phosphorylation of PLCγ, a key mediator of Ca2+ release, is selectively reduced by RNF213 knockout. These findings demonstrate that RNF213 modulates EGFR-related pathways and specific downstream signal pathways, possibly affecting physiologic and pathogenic angiogenesis, and may have implications for unraveling the etiology of MMD and for developing cancer therapies that target RNF213.","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gtc.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microenvironment-Dependent MSC Immunoregulation in Type 1 Diabetes: Insights From IFNγ Preconditioning 1型糖尿病中依赖微环境的MSC免疫调节：来自IFNγ预处理的见解

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70032

Seyed Mehdi Hoseini, Farnoosh Moghimi, Elham Sadat Hosseini, Seyed Mohsen Miresmaeili, Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi, Mohammadreza Dehghani, Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha, Fateme Montazeri

{"title":"Microenvironment-Dependent MSC Immunoregulation in Type 1 Diabetes: Insights From IFNγ Preconditioning","authors":"Seyed Mehdi Hoseini, Farnoosh Moghimi, Elham Sadat Hosseini, Seyed Mohsen Miresmaeili, Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi, Mohammadreza Dehghani, Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha, Fateme Montazeri","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and is widely utilized to license mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to enhance their immunosuppressive properties through a process known as preconditioning or priming. This study investigates the interaction of MSCs preconditioned with (IFNγ+) or without (IFNγ−) IFNγ, with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls (HC) and T1D patients. We assessed the effects of these interactions on anti-inflammatory gene expression, chemokine and receptor profiles, and the induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Our findings reveal contrasting responses in HC and T1D PBMCs when exposed to IFNγ+ and IFNγ− MSCs, particularly in the expression of key genes such as CXCR3 and its ligands (CXCL9, CXCL10), CXCR6, CCR5, and its ligands (CCL3 and CCL4). Pathway enrichment analysis further showed that IFNγ preconditioning tailors MSC responses to specific immune microenvironments. These differential gene expression patterns were also reflected in the proportions of Treg cells, which varied depending on whether paracrine signaling or direct cell contact was involved. Collectively, our results demonstrate that IFNγ+ and IFNγ− MSCs create distinct immunomodulatory microenvironments in T1D PBMCs compared to HC PBMCs, emphasizing the potential for tailored MSC-based therapies in T1D treatment.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)-Based Spore Isolation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe Requires Isp3-Dependent Surface Hydrophobicity 基于水两相体系（ATPS）的裂糖菌孢子分离需要依赖isp3的表面疏水性

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70029

Kazuki Imada

{"title":"Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS)-Based Spore Isolation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe Requires Isp3-Dependent Surface Hydrophobicity","authors":"Kazuki Imada","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a valuable unicellular model organism that proliferates predominantly in the haploid state. Under nitrogen starvation, sexual reproduction occurs, resulting in the formation of a diploid zygote and subsequent meiosis, producing four haploid ascospores. The genetic tractability of yeast, particularly, its ability to produce offspring through sexual reproduction, makes it a widely used model organism. Spores also serve as a model for dormant cells. In this study, I present a highly efficient and low-cost method for purifying S. pombe spores using an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-salt (e.g., phosphate)-based ATPS, free spores were found to partition exclusively into the upper (PEG-rich) phase. In contrast, spores lacking Isp3, which forms the outermost spore wall layer, partitioned into the lower (salt-rich) phase, like vegetative cells. This suggests that the Isp3 layer imparts hydrophobicity to the spore surface, facilitating efficient separation in ATPS. This unique surface property may also reflect differences in ecological adaptation and spore dispersal strategies between S. pombe and other fission yeast species.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PRMT4/CARM1 Is a Novel Factor Promoting DNA Double-Strand Break Repair PRMT4/CARM1是促进DNA双链断裂修复的新因子

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70031

Yurina Abe, Hayaki Ikegame, Yuina Tsuchiya, Ryotaro Nishi

{"title":"PRMT4/CARM1 Is a Novel Factor Promoting DNA Double-Strand Break Repair","authors":"Yurina Abe, Hayaki Ikegame, Yuina Tsuchiya, Ryotaro Nishi","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), among the most deleterious forms of DNA damage, are primarily repaired by non-homologous end-joining or homologous recombination repair in mammalian cells. Although DSB repair is regulated by various posttranslational modifications, such as phosphorylation, the contribution of protein arginine methylation, catalyzed by protein arginine N-methyltransferases (PRMTs), is less understood. To explore this, we conducted a screen of human PRMTs for their recruitment to the DSB sites in living cells. Among the hits, PRMT4 (also known as coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1: CARM1) was found to accumulate at the DSB sites within 1 min, with the signal dissipating by 10 min post-damage. Further analysis revealed that PRMT4 recruitment to DSB sites depended on its interaction with PARP1, in which both N- and C-terminal domains of PRMT4 were required. In addition, the catalytic activity of PRMT4 was indispensable for releasing PRMT4 from the DSB sites. Finally, the PRMT4 knockout cell line exhibited delayed DSB repair, as evidenced by the neutral comet assay. Consistently, this cell line displayed a higher residual γH2AX signal compared to the parental cells following phleomycin treatment. Collectively, our findings extend the list of PRMTs involved in maintaining genome integrity and identify PRMT4 as a novel factor promoting DSB repair.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissection of Behavioral Components and the Role of Omega/Delta Turns for the Chemotaxis of C. elegans 秀丽隐杆线虫行为成分的剖析及Omega/Delta匝在趋化性中的作用

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70026

Karin Suwazono, Koyo Kuze, Ukyo T. Tazawa, Moon Sun Jang, Hirofumi Kunitomo, Yu Toyoshima, Yuichi Iino

{"title":"Dissection of Behavioral Components and the Role of Omega/Delta Turns for the Chemotaxis of C. elegans","authors":"Karin Suwazono, Koyo Kuze, Ukyo T. Tazawa, Moon Sun Jang, Hirofumi Kunitomo, Yu Toyoshima, Yuichi Iino","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70026","url":null,"abstract":"The chemotactic mechanism of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans primarily consists of two components: the pirouette mechanism and the weathervane mechanism. The pirouette mechanism is a form of klinokinesis that regulates the frequency of rapid reorientation behaviors called pirouettes, which include omega/delta turns, while the weathervane mechanism involves gradual directional adjustments. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that in pirouettes, not only is the frequency of reorientation regulated, but the reorientation angle is also adjusted. However, conventional centroid-based analyses have left the postural dynamics during turns unresolved. In this study, we tracked the movement of individual worms during chemotaxis and determined the centerlines representing worm postures. From these data, we extracted turning behaviors, classified postural patterns, and quantified directional changes during turns. Our results indicate that the reorientation angle is modulated during turns to orient the animal toward the desired chemical concentrations. Additionally, we found the diversity of postural dynamics and directional changes in turn sequences. A detailed classification of turn sequences revealed that directional turning is achieved by selection of specific sequence types and adjustment of turning angles. This study provides the most detailed and quantitative analysis to date of the turning behaviors as a fundamental component of C. elegans chemotaxis.","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gtc.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generation of Odorant Receptor-QF2 Knock-In Drivers for Improved Analysis of Olfactory Circuits in Drosophila 气味受体qf2敲入驱动因子的产生改善了果蝇嗅觉回路的分析

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Genes to Cells Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.70028

Yumiko Ukita, Ryoka Suzuki, Keita Miyoshi, Kuniaki Saito, Misako Okumura, Takahiro Chihara

{"title":"Generation of Odorant Receptor-QF2 Knock-In Drivers for Improved Analysis of Olfactory Circuits in Drosophila","authors":"Yumiko Ukita, Ryoka Suzuki, Keita Miyoshi, Kuniaki Saito, Misako Okumura, Takahiro Chihara","doi":"10.1111/gtc.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gtc.70028","url":null,"abstract":"Drosophila melanogaster has provided numerous insights into the olfactory system, primarily relying on a series of transgenic Gal4 drivers. The combined use of Gal4/UAS and a second binary expression system, such as the QF/QUAS system, provides the opportunity to manipulate the two distinct cell populations, thereby accelerating the elucidation of the olfactory neural mechanisms. However, resources apart from the Gal4/UAS system have been poorly developed. In this study, we generated a series of odorant receptor (Or)-QF2 knock-in driver (Or-QF2KI) lines for 23 Ors using the CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in method. In these lines, the QF2 protein is cotranslated with each Or product. The expression pattern of the Or-QF2KI drivers mostly corresponded to that of the Or-Gal4 drivers. In addition, the Or42a-QF2KI driver identified the additional expression pattern of Or42a, which is consistent with the data of single-nucleus RNA sequencing and is attributed to the Or-QF2KI drivers' ability to reflect the endogenous expression of the Or genes. Thus, these Or-QF2KI drivers can be used as valuable genetic tools for olfactory research in Drosophila.","PeriodicalId":12742,"journal":{"name":"Genes to Cells","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gtc.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0