Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-04-06DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2654241
Anthony Muchai Manyara, Momodou Jallow, Tadios Manyanga, Etheldreda I Yoliswa Madela, Fundile Habana, Nyasha Buwu, Awa Touray, Chris Grundy, Hannah Wilson, Anya Burton, Bilkish Cassim, Rashida A Ferrand, Kate A Ward, Celia L Gregson
{"title":"Measuring wealth for health research in rural and urban settings in three African countries: Findings and recommendations from a multi-country study.","authors":"Anthony Muchai Manyara, Momodou Jallow, Tadios Manyanga, Etheldreda I Yoliswa Madela, Fundile Habana, Nyasha Buwu, Awa Touray, Chris Grundy, Hannah Wilson, Anya Burton, Bilkish Cassim, Rashida A Ferrand, Kate A Ward, Celia L Gregson","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2654241","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2654241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wealth indices enable socioeconomic status measurement: however, their reliability, validity and data collection and computation efficiency can be improved. This analysis aimed to generate four wealth indices in five geographical settings (rural and urban Gambia, rural and urban South Africa and urban Zimbabwe), to compare and validate these indices and formulate recommendations for wealth measurement in Africa. Population-based cross-sectional data from 5,296 adults aged ≥40 years were analysed. Principal component analyses generated indices based on 18 variables quantifying house ownership, wall and roofing material and asset ownership. Recommendations were based on reflective workshops (totalling 6 hours) held with experienced in-country fieldwork coordinators. In all sites, the 'multi-country' wealth index was associated with greater asset ownership in 44.4% (8/18) of the variables intended to measure wealth i.e. refrigerator, television, working car/truck, tap in the house, flush toilet, decoder/satellite dish, computer and tiled floors, albeit with rural-urban and country differences. Reflective workshops established that the accuracy of wealth measurement for multi-country and multi-site studies, using asset-based indices, needs an unambiguous, differential and clearly defined asset list. Furthermore, consulting local teams to select these assets can reduce data collection burden while increasing index validity, including 'contemporary' asset assessment, e.g. Wi-Fi internet connection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2654241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7619106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147627553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-03-09DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2640768
Michael Evangeli, Georgina Gnan, Victor Musiime, Sarah Fidler, Janet Seeley, Graham Frize, Annette Uwizera, Jade Robinson, Caroline Foster
{"title":"The process of developing an HIV disclosure intervention for youth with perinatally acquired HIV: The HIV Empowering Adults' Decisions to Share - UK/Uganda Project (Heads-Up).","authors":"Michael Evangeli, Georgina Gnan, Victor Musiime, Sarah Fidler, Janet Seeley, Graham Frize, Annette Uwizera, Jade Robinson, Caroline Foster","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2640768","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2640768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sharing one's HIV status with others (onward HIV disclosure) for youth with perinatally acquired HIV (PAH) is often difficult but may assist with challenges associated with living with HIV. We describe the development of an intervention to help HIV-sharing decision-making for UK and Ugandan youth with PAH. The methods included : (1) semi-structured interviews with 50 participants (20 with PAH patients aged 18-25 years, 20 friends, family or partners and 10 professionals), (2) a survey of 57 UK participants with PAH patients aged ≥17, (3) the development of an intervention conceptual model, (4) intervention development, including obtaining intervention feedback from 13 youth with PAH. The survey showed that group (23/57; 40%) and mixed individual and group formats (21/57; 37%), mixed gender groups (52/57; 91%) and peer worker involvement (54/57; 95%) were preferred. The interviews highlighted the importance of overcoming feelings of shame and accepting one's status before sharing, having support to feel confident to share, personal values playing a part in sharing decisions and friends and partners explaining that they had not been educated about HIV until someone had shared their status with them. We describe the finalised intervention, and strengths and limitations of the intervention development process are outlined.<b>Trial registration:</b> ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN31852047, Registered on 21 January 2019.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2640768"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-08-10DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2715813
Courtney McLarnon, Dinah Amongin, Lotus McDougal, Caroline Deignan, N I Emma Woks, Paul Bukuluki, Bethany Arnold, Arianna Serino, Rebecka Lundgren
{"title":"From blame to belonging: Social and behavior change strategies to address infertility-related stigma in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Courtney McLarnon, Dinah Amongin, Lotus McDougal, Caroline Deignan, N I Emma Woks, Paul Bukuluki, Bethany Arnold, Arianna Serino, Rebecka Lundgren","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2715813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2026.2715813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infertility-related stigma remains a significant yet often overlooked issue in sexual and reproductive health programming, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Although awareness of infertility's prevalence and social, psychological, and health impacts is growing, efforts to address the associated stigma remain insufficient. Drawing on a synthesis of existing evidence, this commentary examines the multi-level nature of infertility-related stigma, highlighting its roots in social norms and structures that undermine the ability of individuals and couples to exercise their sexual and reproductive rights. The commentary provides a framework for understanding and addressing this stigma, borrowing lessons learned from effective social and behavior change approaches to reshape social relationships, shift norms, and empower individuals and couples to make informed reproductive health decisions while advancing rights-based, equitable, sexual and reproductive health programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2715813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-07-28DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2703331
Maddalena Giacomozzi, Jip Bouwens, Mara Pieri, Stéphane G Aubin, Petra Verdonk, Annemiek W Nap
{"title":"TRANSformative perspectives on endometriosis research policy, and practice: Insights from multidisciplinary focus groups.","authors":"Maddalena Giacomozzi, Jip Bouwens, Mara Pieri, Stéphane G Aubin, Petra Verdonk, Annemiek W Nap","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2703331","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2703331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people with endometriosis have unique health needs. Current health research, policy, and clinical practice are developed within a biomedical and cisheteronormative paradigm that structurally excludes the TGD community, whose health needs remain largely unmet. This study aims to set an agenda for future research in the fields of endometriosis and gender diversity and to make recommendations for policy and practice through focus group methods. Twenty community members and professionals gathered for a two-day event at the Brocher Foundation in Switzerland. The group was heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race, ability status, and professional background. On the first day, the participants gave twelve plenary presentations. On the second day, two plenary sessions and three parallel discussions in subgroups were facilitated. The data were analyzed through content analysis. Three main categories were identified: research, policy, and practice. Future studies should center the experiences of TGD people embodying different intersecting identities through transdisciplinary and community-based methods. The effects of gender-affirming care on endometriosis and the adequacy of endometriosis treatments for TGD people need to be further investigated. The education of healthcare providers is crucial to improve clinical practice, as well as a shift in health policy beyond cisheteronormativity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2703331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148602170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-09-04DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2716997
Ulla Walmisley, Olagoke Akintola, Anam Nyembezi, Brighton Khumalo, Colleen Wagner, Nichola Schaay, Tanya Jacobs, Asha S George
{"title":"Navigating context, power and politics: A qualitative case study of co-designing gender integration in South Africa.","authors":"Ulla Walmisley, Olagoke Akintola, Anam Nyembezi, Brighton Khumalo, Colleen Wagner, Nichola Schaay, Tanya Jacobs, Asha S George","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2716997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2026.2716997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gender is an intersectional determinant of health that remains insufficiently integrated in programmes and policies. Sustained processes of dialogue and collaboration, including participatory approaches such as co-design, are needed to effect gender integration. However, the contexts and power dynamics through which co-design may support gender integration are not well understood. This qualitative case study examined a co-design partnership that undertook gender integration within an established adolescent sexual and reproductive health programme in South Africa from 2022-2025, drawing on (<i>n</i> = 37) project documents, (<i>n</i> = 36) post-meeting reflections, (<i>n</i> = 2) annual project group reflections, and (<i>n</i> = 12) key informant interviews. Analysis was deductive-inductive and informed by theories of context, organisational logics, gender, and power. Three interlinked contextual levels influenced the partnership. Macro-level funding arrangements and accountability structures created hierarchical pressures that constrained participatory and gender-responsive work. Meso-level organisational logics differed across partners, creating misalignment with the reflective co-design approach and between partner organisations. At the micro-level, boundary-spanning individuals enabled trust-building and adaptation. Interactions across levels revealed how institutionalised power shaped feasible forms of participation and gender integration. Co-design partnerships can strengthen gender integration in programmes but require macro-level enabling systems, institutional support, and navigation of meso-level organisational logics alongside sustained micro-level action.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2716997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-08-20DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2700822
Tamlyn Carmin Seunanden, Janet Seeley, Stella Namukwaya, Londiwe Shandu, Sarah Bernays, Moherndran Archary, Sarah L Pett, Deborah Ford, Cissy Kityo Mutuluuza, Adeodata Rukyalekere Kekitiinwa, Nothando Ngwenya
{"title":"Pathways of onward HIV disclosure in relationships among young people living with vertically acquired HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy: A qualitative analysis from the BREATHER Plus trial, South Africa.","authors":"Tamlyn Carmin Seunanden, Janet Seeley, Stella Namukwaya, Londiwe Shandu, Sarah Bernays, Moherndran Archary, Sarah L Pett, Deborah Ford, Cissy Kityo Mutuluuza, Adeodata Rukyalekere Kekitiinwa, Nothando Ngwenya","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2700822","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2700822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) navigating their status since birth, managing onward disclosure of a potentially stigmatising condition in relationships is challenging, and may or may not lead to social support, with implications for wellbeing. In a clinical trial setting in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, we investigate how young people living with vertically acquired HIV navigate onward disclosure. Data were from the qualitative component of the BREATHER Plus randomised controlled trial evaluating the efficacy, safety and acceptability of short-cycle dolutegravir/tenofovir-based triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) in young people aged 12-19 years. We analyse data on 35 participants receiving ART engaged in clinical trials at the research site: 29 in longitudinal in-depth interviews (IDIs) and 12 across three focus group discussions (FGDs), including 6 in IDIs and FGDs. The Disclosure Processes Model was applied in the thematic analysis. Pre-disclosure was characterised by social assessments of potential confidants. During disclosure, reciprocal vulnerability and partial information-sharing were employed. Post-disclosure processes entailed linear and non-linear feedback trajectories, impacting future disclosures. The findings show that the study cohort of young people receiving ART navigated many bidirectional disclosure pathways to maintain social connections in relationships, and counselling guidelines need to be responsive to this.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2700822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-09-17DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2735662
Hanhua Wang, Yang Yang, Yingying Ji, Jinjin Huang
{"title":"Towards differentiated governance: A typology and differentiated governance framework for county-level traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in China.","authors":"Hanhua Wang, Yang Yang, Yingying Ji, Jinjin Huang","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2735662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2026.2735662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public county-level Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals are critical for integrating traditional and modern medicine, yet their heterogeneous development potential hinders policy implementation. Using Zhejiang Province as a case and an integrated Resource Dependence-Complex Systems framework, this study employed a mixed-methods design-cluster analysis of 78 county-level units and in-depth interviews with 24 key stakeholders-to identify four developmental archetypes. Findings reveal that hospital potential is an 'emergent property' stemming from the interplay between external resource dependence and internal institutional adaptation. We propose a 'diagnose-classify-prescribe' differentiated governance framework, which tailors roles such as 'innovation catalyst' or 'system stabiliser' to specific contexts. This approach offers a transferable pathway for moving beyond one-size-fits-all policies and contributes to integrating traditional medicine into diverse local health systems globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2735662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2614156
Liz Felix Greco, Renan Gonçalves Leonel da Silva, André Sica de Campos, Janaina Pamplona da Costa
{"title":"'Well… we keep adapting our labs': Interconnected factors shaping vaccine R&D and production capacity in Brazil.","authors":"Liz Felix Greco, Renan Gonçalves Leonel da Silva, André Sica de Campos, Janaina Pamplona da Costa","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2614156","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2614156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past century, Brazil has become a hub of excellence in public health research, biomedical sciences and health technology policymaking. However, the Zika outbreak (2016) and the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) exposed critical weaknesses in its healthcare innovation system, particularly regarding the rapid production and delivery of essential technologies. This article examines the interconnected factors shaping vaccine research and development (R&D) and production capacity for neglected and re-emerging diseases in Brazil. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with 22 participants, including university professors, laboratory leaders, scientific staff, innovation managers and policymakers. Thematic analysis identified four interconnected factors: (1) the resilience of science and technology policies (S&TPs); (2) the quality of health technology programs and initiatives (HTP&I); (3) the catalytic role of health emergencies in mobilizing funding and fostering R&D capacity; and (4) the ability of data-intensive local health R&D actors to establish international collaborations. The findings reveal how Brazil's vaccine R&D and production capacity are shaped by the interaction of policy resilience, institutional capability-building and the health system. The accumulation of technological capabilities remains influenced by discontinuous funding cycles, fragmented governance and a reactive policy mode centered on crisis response rather than long-term efforts to align S&TPs and HTP&I.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2614156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145970464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global Public HealthPub Date : 2026-12-31Epub Date: 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2026.2617774
Chrysa Menexi, Sarju Sing Rai, Irwanto Irwanto, Ruth M H Peters
{"title":"'<i>Stigma is a tough beast… we need all the allies'</i>: A qualitative study on prospects for an integrated approach to reduce health-related stigma from civil society organisations' perspective.","authors":"Chrysa Menexi, Sarju Sing Rai, Irwanto Irwanto, Ruth M H Peters","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2617774","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2617774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In line with global efforts to reduce health-related stigma to 'zero' by 2030, researchers propose integrating disease-specific stigma reduction programs into a united approach. This study explored civil society organisations' (CSOs) perspectives on using an integrated approach across diverse health conditions to mitigate stigma and its associated implications. A qualitative methodology was employed, involving 15 in-depth interviews and one focus group discussion (FGD). Participants, purposively selected as staff from CSOs working with stigmatised health conditions, represented diverse contexts, organisations and health issues, offering a broad narrative. Findings highlight the potential of an integrated approach to amplify stigma reduction by addressing multiple and intersecting stigmas, presenting it as a context-relevant and sustainable strategy. However, participants noted significant challenges, including cross-stigmatising attitudes among group members, stigma by association exacerbating marginalisation and practical barriers like differing agendas, cultures and values among organisations. Additionally, participants emphasised the critical importance of community involvement, warning that its absence could undermine the approach's effectiveness. The FGD allowed for deeper exploration of these challenges and generated potential solutions to address them. While exploratory in scope, this study sheds light on organisational perspectives that may help guide the development of more comprehensive stigma reduction interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2617774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147928748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infertility and male-perpetrated intimate partner violence against HIV-negative women in low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Cheyu Zhang, Astha Ramaiya, Julia Mandeville, Motlatso Godongwana, Karan Babbar, Jhumka Gupta","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2683738","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441692.2026.2683738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a global crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to restrictive gender norms. Stigma against infertility and childlessness could increase women's vulnerability to IPV. This study analyzed data from the Demographic Health Survey, including 93,734 ever-in-union, HIV-negative women aged 20-49 years across 16 LMICs. Logistic regressions, adjusted for survey design and covariates, compared lifetime and past-year IPV exposures (any, physical, sexual, emotional) across infertile women, women without children, and women with children. The prevalence of any lifetime and past-year IPV was 40.6% and 30.4%, respectively. Infertile women showed a non-significant difference in their odds of experiencing any IPV compared to women with children (Lifetime: aOR = 0.93, 95%CI 0.71-1.21; Past-year: aOR = 0.94, 95%CI 0.71-1.25). Women without children had lower odds of lifetime IPV (aOR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.58-0.86), with odds of past-year any IPV non-significant (aOR = 0.81, 95%CI 0.66-1.00). The study found alarmingly high prevalence of male-perpetrated IPV among women in LMICs, irrespective of fertility status. Findings highlight the need for universal IPV prevention and support that are inclusive of all women, including families and communities, emphasizing routine screening and support within primary and community healthcare, regardless of women's reproductive experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"2683738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148264161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}