GeroScience最新文献

{"title":"The associations between playing a musical instrument and grey matter in older adults at risk for dementia: a whole-brain VBM analysis.","authors":"Nicole Espinosa,Marshall A Dalton,Hannes Almgren,Andrew C McKinnon,Helen F Mitchell,Zoe Menczel Schrire,Sharon L Naismith","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01844-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01844-x","url":null,"abstract":"While research suggests that playing musical instruments promotes neuroplasticity in professional musicians, it remains unclear whether lifelong music experience benefits brain health in non-professional musicians. This study examined whether playing a musical instrument across the lifespan is associated with (a) altered grey matter (GM) density and (b) neuropsychological functioning in older adults at risk for dementia. Sixty-one individuals aged ≥ 50 years were recruited from a memory clinic. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological assessment from which composite scores for learning, memory, and executive functioning were derived. Based on musical history, participants were classified as: active players (n = 15), former players (n = 20), and naïve (n = 26). Voxel-based morphometry analyses, correcting for age and total intracranial volume, assessed GM density differences. General linear models, controlling for age, tested associations between music experience and cognition. Active players showed increased GM density in the left planum temporale (p < 0.0001), left planum polare (p < 0.0001), right posterior insula (p < 0.0001), and left cerebellum exterior (p < 0.0001) compared to the naïve group. They also showed increased GM in the left cerebellum exterior (p < 0.0001) relative to former players. No GM differences were observed between former players and naïve individuals. Music experience was not significantly associated with neuropsychological performance. In older adults at risk for dementia, currently playing a musical instrument was associated with increased GM density in regions linked with musical training. Further research is needed to explore music's role in brain health and dementia prevention.","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological health Age (PhysAge): a novel multi-system molecular timepiece predicts health and mortality in older adults.","authors":"Thalida Em Arpawong, Belinda Hernandez, Claire Potter, Robert J Leigh, Eric T Klopack, Claire Hill, Giovanni Fiorito, Laura J Smyth, Aisling M O'Halloran, Bernadette McGuinness, Jessica D Faul, Rose Anne Kenny, Amy Jayne McKnight, Eileen M Crimmins, Cathal McCrory","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01832-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11357-025-01832-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complexity of epigenetic changes that accompany aging has been distilled into a number of molecular timepieces-termed epigenetic clocks-that characterize the pace of biological aging to differing degrees. Here, we develop and validate a DNA methylation-based Physiological health Age (PhysAge) score, comprised of eight DNA methylation surrogates to represent multi-system physiology and developed from commonly measured clinical biomarkers: CRP, peak flow, pulse pressure, HDL-cholesterol, Hba1c, waist-to-height ratio (WHR), cystatin C, and dehydroepianrosterone sulphate (DHEAS). We use data from the population-representative US Health and Retirement Study (HRS), split into a training (n = 1589) and test sample (n = 1588) and corroborate findings in two independent cohorts: The Irish Longitudinal Study of Aging (TILDA; n = 488) and the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA; n = 1830). PhysAge and the predominant second-generation epigenetic clocks, PhenoAge, GrimAge2, and DunedinPACE, were tested for their prediction of mortality and multiple age-related clinical measures (i.e., grip strength, gait speed, cognitive function, disability, frailty). PhysAge was comparable to extant clocks in predicting health measures and was indistinguishable from GrimAge2 in predicting mortality, despite not being trained on mortality. Moreover, the eight individual surrogates comprising PhysAge predicted health outcomes better than the measured values in many instances. The established clinical relevance of the biomarkers from which surrogates were derived opens up new opportunities for cross-study and cross-country comparisons of population health. Findings suggest that the DNA methylation PhysAge can be leveraged as a single biomarker to represent multiple physiological systems and offers utility in the context of clinical monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal association of ultra-processed food consumption with biological aging: the mediating role of adiposity measures.","authors":"Jinzhang Liu, Qida He, Linyan Li","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01865-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01865-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background & aims: </strong>The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is rising in modern diets. However, the connection between UPF intake and biological aging still lacks research. This study aims to investigate the association between UPF consumption and biological aging and to explore the mediating effect of various adiposity measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional and prospective cohort study in 57,128 individuals included in the UK Biobank using 24-h dietary recall questionnaires. This research employed phenotypic age as biological age, with the age gap calculated as the difference between chronological and biological age. UPF was defined according to the NOVA classification. Linear regression models were employed to estimate the relationship between UPF consumption and biological aging. Mediation analysis was conducted to explore the mediating effect of various adiposity measures, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, and waist-to-height ratio, in the observed associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the lowest quartile of UPF weight proportion consumption, the age gap increased by 0.378 years with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of (0.253, 0.504) for phenotypic age in the highest quartile in the cross-sectional study and 0.525 years (0.214, 0.836) in the longitudinal study. Higher UPF energy proportion consumption was associated with accelerated biological aging as well. Adiposity measures significantly mediated the association between UPF weight proportion and biological aging, with mediating proportions ranging from 25.80% to 36.76%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher consumption of UPFs is positively associated with accelerated biological aging, with adiposity measures serving as significant mediators.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty, malnutrition risk, and kidney function impairment in older adults: Singapore longitudinal ageing study.","authors":"Authors Chin Yee Cheong, Philip Yap, Yanxia Lu, Keng Bee Yap, Tze Pin Ng","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01868-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01868-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kidney function declines progressively with age, with chronic kidney disease (CKD) affecting more than half of community-dwelling older adults. Identifying risk factors beyond the established ones (such as diabetes and hypertension) is crucial for prevention. Frailty and malnutrition are prevalent in older adults, yet the effect of these factors on their decline of kidney function remains underexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the associations between frailty, malnutrition, and renal function among community-dwelling older adults. In this prospective cohort study, we analysed the data of 2,292 Chinese older adults aged 55 and above from the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study. Frailty was assessed using the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria, and malnutrition risk was evaluated using the Nutritional Screening Initiative questionnaire. Kidney function was measured using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Baseline and follow-up (3-5 years) associations between frailty, malnutrition, and kidney function, controlling for known confounding risk factors were examined. At baseline, malnutrition was associated with lower eGFR (β = -5.42; 95% CI -8.83--2.01) and higher CKD prevalence (OR = 2.24; 95% CI 1.13-4.46). The combined risk of frailty-malnutrition was also significantly associated with lower eGFR (β = -5.29; 95% CI -9.93--1.65) and CKD prevalence (OR = 3.05; 95% CI 1.22-7.60). At follow-up, malnutrition (aOR = 3.21; 95% CI 1.60-6.44) but not physical frailty (aOR = 0.70; 95% CI 0.19-2.55), was associated with significant kidney function decline. The results suggest that malnutrition plays a vital role in kidney function decline among community-dwelling older adults, more so than frailty. Integrating nutritional screening timely may optimise the long-term kidney health in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure of efficient cardiac proteostatic adaptations to chronic cAMP-stress is associated with accelerated heart aging.","authors":"Maria Grazia Perino, Miguel Calvo-Rubio Barrera, Daniel R Riordon, Giulio Agnetti, Alexander Maltsev, Admira Parveen, Christopher H Morrell, Ismayil Ahmet, Khalid Chakir, Yelena S Tarasova, Jia-Hua Qu, Kirill V Tarasov, Alexey E Lyashkov, Yevgeniya O Lukyanenko, Hikmet Kadioglu, Mark Ranek, Rafael De Cabo, Edward G Lakatta","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01851-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01851-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysregulated proteostasis is a hallmark of aging. We investigated how efficiently proteostatic adaptations to chronic cardiac cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent stress change with aging in mice harboring marked cardiac-specific over-expression of adenylyl cyclase VIII (TG^AC8). We assessed protein quality control mechanisms (PQC) (ubiquitin proteasome system, autophagic flux via macroautophagy, and mitophagy) in left ventricles of TG^AC8 and wild-type littermates (WT) at 3-4 and 17-21 months of age. At 3-4 months, TG^AC8 exhibited markers of increased autophagic flux (microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3), p62, and their phospho-forms) and enhanced canonical mitophagy signaling (PARKIN, p62^S405 and p62^S349 receptors), confirming a more efficient proteostasis, vs WT. In aged TG^AC8, however, the PQC mechanisms were overwhelmed by proteotoxic stress, manifested in insufficient proteasome activity, slower autophagic flux, and increased mitochondrial dysfunction (network fragmentation). The accumulation of protein aggregates (increased ratio of insoluble/soluble protein fractions), of lipofuscin bodies and of desmin cardiac preamyloid oligomers, and of LC3⁺- and p62⁺-inclusions of aberrant sizes was increased in aged TG^AC8 compared to young TG^AC8. Thus, while increased proteostatic mechanisms maintain cardiac health in TG^AC8 in youth (3-4 months), long-term exposure to sustained activation of the AC/cAMP/PKA/Ca²⁺ signaling axis results in severe proteostasis insufficiency in aged TG^AC8, leading to cardiomyopathy and accelerated cardiac aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal bidirectional association of biological aging acceleration with depressive symptoms in mid-to-late life: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Zeshan Chen, Mengxue Su, Qiang Tu, Jianji Li, Haisheng Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01845-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01845-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The longitudinal directionality between depressive symptoms and biological aging acceleration has yet to be thoroughly investigated. This study included 5442 Chinese adults aged 45-80 years from the 2011 and 2015 survey waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Multiple biomarker-based biological age was estimated using the Klemera and Doubal method, and biologically older was defined as biological age larger than chronological age. Depressive symptoms were identified using a threshold of ≥ 10 on the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to explore two unidirectional associations between biological aging and depression. Cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) were also constructed to simultaneously examine the bidirectional relationship and the strength of the association. In the logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders, biologically older at baseline was associated with a higher risk of subsequent depression (OR = 1.202, 95% CI: 1.020, 1.417) compared with biologically younger; conversely, individuals with baseline depression had a higher risk of being biologically older later (OR = 1.372, 95% CI: 1.148, 1.639) when compared to those without depression. CLPM identified bidirectional relationship over time, with standardized coefficients of 0.03 (P < 0.01) for both longitudinal directional pathways, suggesting an equal contribution of biological aging acceleration and depression to their dynamic interplay. This study reveals a reciprocal interaction between biological aging acceleration and depression in mid-to-late life, suggesting that targeted interventions aimed at decelerating biological aging or alleviating depressive symptoms may confer reciprocal benefits over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From dark horse to front-runner: vascular contributions to brain health : Proceedings of the 2022 annual workshop of the Albert research institute for white matter and cognition.","authors":"Aditi Gupta, Paulo W Pires, Sandra A Billinger, S Thomas Carmichael, Constanza J Cortes, Richard Daneman, Xiao Hu, Daniela Kaufer, Swati R Levendovszky, Farzaneh A Sorond, Chelsea M Stillman, Stefano Tarantini, Donna M Wilcock, Jeff D Williamson, Andriy Yabluchanskiy, Fanny Elahi, Kristen L Zuloaga","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01840-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01840-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is becoming increasingly clear that the cerebral microcirculation plays a central role in the development and progression of Alzheimer's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease-Related Dementias (AD/ADRD). Despite recent advances in understanding the vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and decline, many gaps exist in our collective knowledge. The 2022 Annual Workshop of the Albert Research Institute for White Matter and Cognition brought together investigators in the fields of neurovascular function and health, blood-brain barrier integrity, neurodegeneration, cerebral microvascular function, brain imaging, integrative systems neuroscience, and clinicians to discuss exciting and novel findings on how the vasculature contributes to progression of dementia. During the Workshop, the participants shared their most novel findings on the subject and discussed the implications of their data in reference to advancement of our knowledge in the basic mechanisms underlying microvascular pathology in the brain, as well as possible areas for clinical intervention. Overall, this meeting successfully highlighted some of the excellent progress in elucidating vascular contributions to dementia, and identified areas where rigorous scientific investigation is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EEG neurofeedback for the treatment of neuropathic pain in the elderly-a mechanistic review.","authors":"James Chmiel, Marta Kopańska, Jerzy Leszek, Julia Trojniak, Tomas Ros","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01848-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01848-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropathic pain (NP) is a complex pain disorder that constitutes a significant problem in the aging population, impacting quality of life and everyday functioning. In the quest to develop effective treatments, much research effort has been made to understand brain activity in people with NP, revealing a number of disordered electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. This information can then be used to inform neurofeedback therapy, a novel approach that involves volitionally training brain activity in a closed loop. In this review of the existent literature we had three main objectives: (1) to summarize the reported EEG signatures of NP, (2) to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of neurofeedback in the treatment of NP, and (3) to present the potential mechanisms of neurofeedback action in NP. Consequently, literature searches were conducted on the PubMed/Medline, Research Gate, and Cochrane databases. We identified 18 studies that examined resting-state EEG patterns in NP, and seven studies that investigated EEG-based neurofeedback in NP. Most biomarker studies of NP showed typical EEG patterns consisting of excess theta activity and decreased alpha activity. Neurofeedback study outcomes were largely promising in terms of treatment efficacy, but their quality was low. In turn, based on these results, we proposed hypothesis-based neurofeedback protocols and discussed the potential mechanisms of neurofeedback in the treatment of NP, including why this treatment option may be beneficial in the elderly population. Neurofeedback is a promising treatment option for NP, but caution should be exercised in interpreting the results due to the low number and methodological quality of research studies. A larger body of research studies points to common patterns of EEG abnormality in NP, which could be directly targeted with neurofeedback. The main advantage of this therapeutic approach is that it has no side effects and may be considered a valuable form of treatment in more frail populations such as the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Task-based fMRI brain activation in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: an ALE meta-analysis.","authors":"Zheng Long Lee, Jesse Jianyi Li, Savannah Kiah Hui Siew, Charly Hugo Alexandre Billaud, Junhong Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01850-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01850-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two decades of task-based fMRI studies have revealed atypical task-related activation and hypoactivation patterns in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), implicating the impaired cognitive processing observed in these neurocognitive disorders. The current coordinate-based meta-analysis provides an updated picture of the pathophysiological neurocognitive mechanisms implicated in MCI and AD, which better controls for false positive findings. To pool and summarise these findings, we conducted activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses on 90 eligible studies (N_total = 2824) with cluster-level family-wise error correction to compare AD/MCI and healthy controls (HC) on fMRI activity during cognitive tasks across four different domains. ALE assesses whether there is a spatial convergence of activation among experiments. We then conducted meta-analytic functional decoding on the ALE meta-analysis results to infer the functional relevance of the significant clusters. Significant activation clusters, mostly overlapping with the dorsal attention and frontoparietal networks, were observed in MCI and HC when comparing them across memory tasks and all tasks, regardless of cognitive domain. Functional decoding analyses suggest these clusters are linked to spatial and phonological processing. Significant activation converged in the superior temporal gyrus in AD and overlapped with the somatomotor network. Functional decoding indicates it is related to auditory functions. Our findings illustrated the spatial convergence of aberrant task-related activation and hypoactivation in AD and MCI, highlighting the atypical neurocognitive processing across a broad range of tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of surface EMG biomarkers in sarcopenic motor dysfunction during postural stabilization.","authors":"I Junquera-Godoy, J L Martinez-De-Juan, G González Lorente, I C Vendramini, E M Scheeren, G Prats-Boluda","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01841-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01841-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate neuromuscular adaptations in individuals with pre/sarcopenia during postural balance perturbations, using surface electromyography (sEMG) signal features as potential functional biomarkers of early motor decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight older adults (14 pre/sarcopenic, 14 controls) were subjected to a series of forward balance perturbations while standing on a force platform. sEMG signals were recorded from four lower limb muscles and analyzed across five defined postural epochs established by the perturbation. Six sEMG features were extracted to capture amplitude, frequency, shape, and complexity characteristics of the signals. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate group differences and trial-by-trial adaptation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Post-stab epoch (350-2350 ms post-perturbation) revealed the most pronounced differences between groups. The pre/sarcopenic group exhibited significantly lower amplitude and complexity values. Additionally, shape analysis showed a distribution more closely resembling a Laplacian profile in the pre/sarcopenic group, indicative of increased motor unit synchronization and diminished recruitment variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies specific sEMG-derived features, particularly signal shape and complexity metrics, as potential non-invasive biomarkers for neuromuscular decline in sarcopenia. The Post-stab epoch emerges as a sensitive window for detecting deficits in motor control, supporting the use of perturbation-based tasks and sEMG analysis for early detection, monitoring, and intervention planning in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144951462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}