GeroScience最新文献

{"title":"Advanced brain age and longitudinal cognitive decline in healthy older adults.","authors":"Sigfus Kristinsson, Roger Newman-Norlund, Leonardo Bonilha, Lumi Bakos, Christopher Rorden, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Vilmundur Gudnason, Julius Fridriksson","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02598-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02598-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced brain age relative to chronological age may predict cognitive decline in healthy aging, but prospective evidence remains limited. We tested whether the brain age gap (BAG) predicts cognition and 5-year cognitive decline in the AGES-Reykjavik Study. Participants with structural MRI and neuropsychological data were included cross-sectionally (n = 4,606); mean age 76.4y; 58% female) and longitudinally (n = 2,561; mean follow-up 5.2y). BAG was estimated from T1-weighted MRI. Mixed-effects models examined BAG effects on Memory (M), processing speed (PS), and executive function (EF), adjusting for age, sex, and education. Higher BAG was associated with worse cognition across all domains (β = -0.037 to -0.047, all p < 0.001). BAG significantly predicted greater decline in M (β = -0.007, p = 0.046); subgroup analyses revealed steeper decline in M and EF with advanced brain age. BAG predicts longitudinal cognitive decline beyond chronological age, supporting its utility as a biomarker in preventative care of healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memantine in the treatment of dementia: a nationwide real-world analysis.","authors":"Petra Marica Halmos, Balázs Dobi, Péter Vinnai, András Ajtay, Dániel Bereczki, Tibor Kovács","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02584-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02584-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the growing global burden of dementia, real-world data that adequately reflect the current state of healthcare systems, dementia care pathways, and the actual impact of pharmacological treatment practices remain limited, hindering the evidence-based planning and implementation of novel therapies. This retrospective cohort study evaluated nationwide anti-dementia drug treatment practices, particularly focusing on memantine use, and their effect on survival. Using the nationwide NEUROHUN database, data from 398,584 patients with dementia from 2010 to 2020 in Hungary were analyzed (mean age at diagnosis 75.22 years). Kaplan-Meier analyses and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to evaluate survival outcomes, adjusting for age and sex. Annual prescription prevalence, medication adherence, and persistence metrics were also calculated. Only 13% of patients received any anti-dementia drug (donepezil, rivastigmine, or memantine); among those treated, 24% received memantine as monotherapy. Untreated patients had the shortest median survival (3.1 years), followed closely by those on memantine monotherapy alone (3.7 years). This pattern likely reflects the older age, delayed diagnosis, and presumably more advanced disease stage of these patients rather than a direct effect of memantine. Patients receiving memantine and donepezil showed the lowest mortality risk (HR = 0.581) compared to the untreated group. Symptomatic pharmacological treatments are likely to remain important adjuncts to emerging disease-modifying therapies, given their evidence-based benefits in dementia care. This is the first study in the Central-Eastern European region to evaluate memantine under real-world conditions, highlighting the high proportion of late diagnoses and underscoring the need to establish earlier and more efficient diagnostic pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149238158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Anticipating the future of the COVID‑19 pandemic: insights into the emergence of SARS‑CoV‑2 variant JN.1 and its projected impact on older adults.","authors":"Jorge Quarleri, Verónica Galvan, M Victoria Delpino","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02611-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02611-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149238147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Henipaviruses: an expanding global public health concern?","authors":"Jorge Quarleri, Verónica Galvan, M Victoria Delpino","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02610-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02610-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149238152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Monkeypox: considerations for the understanding and containment of the current outbreak in non‑endemic countries.","authors":"Jorge Quarleri, M Victoria Delpino, Verónica Galvan","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02608-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02608-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149238207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory study of the effect of metformin on the whole blood transcriptome of nondiabetic older adults with age-related macular degeneration.","authors":"Xinyi Chen, Yi S Zhang, Daisy Yan, Thuy Doan, Liangbo L Shen, Abu T Taha, Daphne Yang, Catherine Psaras, Jacquelyn K Callander, Nicole Y Xin, Arjun Shivkumar, Amani A Fawzi, Glenn Yiu, David G Telander, Loh-Shan B Leung, Christina Flaxel, John C Newman, Jeremy D Keenan, Jay M Stewart","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02593-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02593-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metformin has received increasing attention for benefits beyond blood glucose lowering. The purpose of this study was to identify changes in whole blood transcriptome from a course of metformin in a randomized trial (NCT02684578) of nondiabetic older adults with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We included patients who were ≥ 55 years of age, nondiabetic, and had geographic atrophy due to AMD. We excluded patients with metformin use for another reason, reduced renal or liver function, or other vitreoretinal diseases. Participants were randomized to metformin or control. The metformin group was prescribed 1000 mg metformin twice daily for 18 months. All eligible patients were approached for consent to blood sample collection. We performed metagenomic sequencing on whole blood samples and conducted differential expression analysis. Fifteen patients underwent blood collection, with eight in the metformin group and seven in the control group. No individual gene achieved statistical significance of difference between groups after correction for multiple comparisons. As a secondary, hypothesis-generating analysis, canonical pathway analysis found downregulation of interferon α/β signaling (P = 0.003, z score = -2.4), cell junction organization (P = 0.03, z score = -2.2), and epithelial mesenchymal transition pathways in the metformin group (P = 0.02, z score = -2.2). There was possible inhibition of upstream proinflammatory molecules and activation of anti-inflammatory molecules by metformin. In this small sub-study of a randomized trial, no gene was significantly changed after metformin exposure. Pathway enrichment analysis identified signals potentially consistent with metformin-associated modulation of \"inflammaging\" and other biological pathways which require validation in larger cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive sleep apnea is frequent in patients with Long COVID fatigue but is not significantly associated with alterations of quality of life and cognition.","authors":"Aasheeta P Bawa, Melissa Lopez, Janet Miller, Marc A Sala, Matthew B Maas, Eric M Liotta, Igor J Koralnik","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02604-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02604-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurologic manifestations of Long COVID, also called post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), include fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, sleep disturbances, and headaches, which can be debilitating. Since these symptoms overlap with those of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), we sought to determine the prevalence of OSA in the population of a Neuro-COVID-19 clinic. We performed home sleep testing in 100 consecutive patients with Long COVID and no prior history of OSA who reported fatigue after an episode of COVID-19 not requiring hospitalization. The average age was 46.4 years and 70% of patients were female. OSA was present in 53% of patients, including 33% with mild OSA (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 5-14.9) and 20% with moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥ 15). Male sex, higher age, and body mass index were significantly associated with OSA. However, there were no significant differences in other comorbidities, Long COVID symptom burden, quality of life measures (QoL), and objective cognitive function test results between groups. Additionally, multiple linear regression models demonstrated that neither AHI nor mean desaturation nadir were significant predictors of QoL or cognitive function. Although OSA is nearly twice as prevalent among our study participants compared to the general adult population of the US, it was not significantly associated with Long COVID symptoms, alteration of QoL, or objective cognitive dysfunction. However, 20% of patients were diagnosed with moderate to severe OSA, a clinically significant finding that warrants intervention to prevent irreversible cardiopulmonary complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of telemedicine-delivered lifestyle interventions in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide two-arm randomized trial (PROACTIVE-19).","authors":"Szilárd Váncsa, Anett Nagy-Szakolczai, Roland Molontay, Emőke Miklós, Andrea Szentesi, Klementina Ocskay, Péter Jenő Hegyi, Judit Hegyi, Anna Hegyi, Eszter Hegyi, Dóra Czapári, Zsolt Molnár, Bálint Erőss, Péter Hegyi","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02585-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02585-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Older adults are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, yet randomized evidence on structured lifestyle interventions in this context remains limited. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalized lifestyle intervention on health-related behaviors and adverse outcomes among adults aged ≥ 60 years during the COVID-19 pandemic. PROACTIVE-19 was a nationwide, open-label, randomized trial initiated in Hungary in March 2020, during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants aged ≥ 60 years were randomly assigned (1:1) to general (group A) or personalized (group B) lifestyle counselling delivered via telephone, targeting mental health, smoking, physical activity, diet, and alcohol consumption. The primary planned endpoint was a composite of COVID-19 severity outcomes; however, due to infection rates, all-cause mortality was assessed. Longitudinal lifestyle changes were evaluated using linear mixed-effects models with bootstrap 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in a modified intention-to-treat population. A total of 441 participants were analyzed (214 group A; 227 group B). All-cause mortality did not differ significantly between groups (HR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.28-1.53). Significant overall time effects were observed for fruit and vegetable consumption (β = 0.052, CI 0.026-0.074), smoking reduction among current smokers (β = - 0.372, CI - 0.528 to - 0.222), and psychological variables. A significantly greater reduction in estimated alcohol consumption was observed in group B among baseline drinkers compared with group A (β = - 1.357, CI - 2.425 to - 0.187), particularly in women. However, BMI among participants with obesity increased in group B (β = 0.068, CI 0.013-0.119). Seasonal and pandemic-wave effects significantly influenced physical activity and psychological distress. The personalized intervention was not associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality. Several lifestyle behaviors improved over time; however, the additional benefit of personalization was limited (Supported by the Semmelweis University Research, Development and Innovation Fund, ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04321928).</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating volumes into myocardial work: the prognostic role of non-invasive pressure-strain-volume analysis in transcatheter aortic valve implantation.","authors":"Tímea K Turschl, Zsuzsanna Ladányi, Andrea Ferencz, Alexandra Fábián, Márton Tokodi, Ádám Szijártó, Mihály Ruppert, Andrea Nagy, Andrea Á Molnár, Levente Molnár, Endre Zima, Attila Kovács, Bálint K Lakatos, Béla Merkely","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02583-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02583-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accurate echocardiographic assessment of the left ventricular (LV) contractile state remains challenging in aortic stenosis, as ejection fraction and even global longitudinal strain are markedly load-dependent. The novel pressure-strain loop-derived myocardial work were developed to overcome this limitation; however, incorporation of instantaneous LV volume may further improve this method. We aimed to quantify myocardial work using pressure-strain-volume (PSV) loops and to evaluate its prognostic value in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We enrolled 300 patients scheduled for TAVI (age 78.7 ± 6.3 years, 41% female). The endpoint was all-cause mortality, reached by 62 patients over a median follow-up of 25 months. Echocardiography and non-invasive blood pressure measurements were performed one day before TAVI. LV pressure was estimated noninvasively, while strain curves were derived from speckle-tracking analysis. Pressure-strain relations were adjusted to instantaneous LV volumes to construct PSV loops, yielding volume-adjusted indices (GWIVi and GCWVi). GWIVi showed similar extent of LV dysfunction in classical and paradoxical low-flow low-gradient AS phenotypes compared to the normal flow-high gradient patients (46.98 ± 20.71 vs. 51.99 ± 18.43 vs. 63.74 ± 22.26 mmHg%L/m², p < 0.001), while other LV function parameters did not. In multivariable Cox-regression, GWIVi was an independent predictor of mortality (Hazard ratio: 0.955 [confidence interval: 0.773-0.993], p < 0.05) alongside clinically relevant other markers such as hemoglobin and atrial fibrillation. PSV loop-derived myocardial work detected LV mechanical differences between AS phenotypes and provided independent prognostic value in TAVI candidates, potentially offering a more physiologically accurate assessment of LV function in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of baseline plasma oxidative stress biomarkers with incident non-AIDS-defining cancer risk in people with HIV: a case-cohort study.","authors":"David Coca-LaCalle, Carlos Pita-Martínez, Lucía García-Lumbreras, Marta Rava, Jorge Sánchez-Villegas, Alejandro Sánchez-Molina, Roberto Muga Bustamante, María de Los Remedios Alemán Valls, Luis Morano Amado, Cristina Gómez Ayerbe, María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa, Salvador Resino, Rubén Martín-Escolano","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02613-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02613-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with HIV (PWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) exhibit an elevated risk of non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). This case-cohort study evaluated the association of baseline plasma oxidative stress biomarkers with incident NADC risk in 332 PWH on ART from the Spanish HIV Research Network. Borgan II-weighted cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models assessed effect modification by sex and age. While no overall associations were observed between oxidative stress biomarkers and NADC risk, exploratory analyses revealed potential effect modification by sex and age. Increased 4-HNE levels were associated with higher NADC risk in females (aHR = 2.79 [95% CI, 1.14-6.80]) but not in males; however, this finding is exploratory given the small female sample (15.4%). Additionally, age modified the associations of 4-HNE and ox-LDL with NADC risk (interaction p < 0.050), although stratum-specific estimates in older adults (≥ 50 years) exhibited wide confidence intervals and did not achieve statistical significance. Integrating these biomarkers into a clinical model for older adults improved in-sample discrimination (C-index, 0.863 to 0.877; p = 0.003), with consistent incremental gains observed during internal fivefold cross-validation (out-of-fold C-index, 0.586 to 0.632). These exploratory findings suggest that lipid peroxidation biomarkers may be associated with NADC risk in selected subgroups, requiring validation in larger cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}