{"title":"The role of cellular senescence in immune-metabolic features and prognosis of ovarian cancer: an integrated analysis based on single-cell sequencing and multi-omics data.","authors":"Yuan Li, Mengying Bai, Ziqiong Zhou, Wenbo Wu, Haifeng Wu, Shuyi Ling, Liping Wang, Yuehui Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02343-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11357-026-02343-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian cancer is characterized by a high recurrence rate, and platinum resistance often contributes to poor patient outcomes. Cellular senescence can influence the tumor microenvironment, metabolic status, and immune regulation. However, the role of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) in the heterogeneity, prognosis, and treatment-related features of ovarian cancer remains to be further clarified. This study integrated data from TCGA, GEO, and single-cell RNA sequencing to systematically analyze the expression patterns, single-cell distribution, molecular subtypes, and associations of SAGs with prognosis and the immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Consensus clustering was used to identify senescence-related molecular subtypes, and an SAG-related prognostic risk model was constructed and validated. Associations between the risk score and platinum response, tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint expression were further evaluated. SAGs were differentially expressed between ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissues and were mainly enriched in cell cycle, DNA damage response, and immune-related pathways. Single-cell analysis showed that senescence signals were mainly distributed in cancer-associated fibroblasts, malignant cells, and selected immune cell populations. According to SAG-based consensus clustering, patients were classified into three molecular subtypes with differences in metabolic activity, DNA repair, immune microenvironment, and genomic stability, although no significant differences in OS were observed among subtypes. An eight-gene senescence-related risk model showed prognostic relevance in the TCGA cohort, and additional analyses in two GEO cohorts supported the prognostic value of the selected SAGs. The high-risk group was associated with greater TMB, platinum resistance-related features, increased immune and stromal scores, reduced tumor purity, a lower proportion of CD8⁺ T cells, and higher expression of regulatory T cells, macrophages, and immune checkpoints, suggesting a link with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The current findings suggest that senescence-associated molecular features are associated with the biological heterogeneity, prognostic stratification, platinum response, and status of the immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer. The SAG-related risk model may provide clues for prognostic assessment and future studies on treatment-response stratification in ovarian cancer, but further experimental and clinical validation is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":"7457-7472"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GeroSciencePub Date : 2026-10-27DOI: 10.1007/s11357-026-02582-4
Casandra Smith, Kiara Garza, Hushyar Azari, Heather Vellers, Mostafa Abdelrahman, Chathurika S Dhanasekara, Adam B Salmon, Hanyu Liang, Elizabeth Fernandez, Nicolas Musi, Michael P Massett, Kembra Albracht-Schulte
{"title":"Aerobic exercise training alters gastrointestinal microbiota and enhances exercise capacity in UM-HET3 mice.","authors":"Casandra Smith, Kiara Garza, Hushyar Azari, Heather Vellers, Mostafa Abdelrahman, Chathurika S Dhanasekara, Adam B Salmon, Hanyu Liang, Elizabeth Fernandez, Nicolas Musi, Michael P Massett, Kembra Albracht-Schulte","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02582-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02582-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aerobic exercise attenuates age-related physiological decline, potentially through favorable modulation of gut microbiota diversity. The purpose of this study was to characterize aerobic exercise training (ET)-induced alterations in the gut microbiome of aging, genetically heterogeneous UM-HET3 mice and examine associations between microbial shifts and changes in body composition (body weight, lean mass, and fat mass) and exercise capacity (total work, distance, and duration). Male UM-HET3 mice were assigned to sedentary (SED; n = 16) or ET (n = 17) groups. ET mice trained 5 days per week for 4 weeks at 65% of maximal work output. Body composition and exercise capacity were assessed before and after the intervention. Post-intervention fecal samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (SED, n = 13; ET, n = 13). ASVs were taxonomically classified using QIIME2 with the SILVA 138.1 reference database. Alpha and beta diversity analyses were conducted in R, and Spearman's correlations assessed relationships between phylum-level abundances and physiological outcomes. ET mice exhibited greater alpha diversity, with a higher median richness (219.5), although differences were not statistically significant. Principal coordinate analysis of beta diversity demonstrated significant separation between groups (P = 0.01), indicating distinct microbial community composition. At the phylum level, ET was associated with modest shifts in gut microbial composition, characterized by higher relative abundances of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobiota and lower abundances of Bacteroidota and Desulfobacterota compared to SED mice. Collectively, these findings indicate that aerobic exercise training induces distinct shifts in gut microbiota composition in middle-aged UM-HET3 mice despite underlying genetic heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149266274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GeroSciencePub Date : 2026-10-26DOI: 10.1007/s11357-026-02615-y
Tímea Lázár, Eszter Radics, Marie Anne Engh, Cameron Turkel, Réka Tóth, Tamás Kói, Péter Hegyi, Szabolcs Kéri, András Attila Horváth
{"title":"How well do dementia risk scores predict dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Tímea Lázár, Eszter Radics, Marie Anne Engh, Cameron Turkel, Réka Tóth, Tamás Kói, Péter Hegyi, Szabolcs Kéri, András Attila Horváth","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02615-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02615-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the predictive accuracy and clinical applicability of ten dementia risk assessment scores for incident dementia in cohort studies. Three of 10 risk scores had sufficient, comparable data for a meta-analysis. We analyzed the Cardiovascular Risk Factors Ageing and Dementia (CAIDE), Lifestyle for brain health (LIBRA), and Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI) in middle- and older-aged baseline populations with short, medium, and long follow-up durations, starting free from dementia, with or without other health conditions. A total of 29 studies met our inclusion criteria; 13 were included in the meta-analyses. CAIDE performed best, particularly among middle-aged participants at baseline, with longer follow-up periods, yielding pooled areas under the curves (AUCs) of 0.74-0.76. ANU-ADRI showed stable, moderate predictive accuracy with AUCs of approximately 0.65-0.71. The original LIBRA showed the lowest discrimination, with AUCs ranging from 0.51 to 0.60, whereas the modified LIBRA performed better, with AUCs of 0.65-0.67 at short follow-up and a pooled AUC of 0.70 (95% CI 0.66-0.74) at medium follow-up. Dementia risk assessment scales show variable predictive performance across scores, baseline age, and follow-up duration, and may be useful for dementia risk stratification in clinical practice. As a substantial proportion of dementia risk is linked to potentially modifiable factors, identifying high-risk individuals may help guide timely risk-reduction strategies. Further prospective validation is needed across different populations and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149266261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shared cancer resistance but divergent immune responses in two long-lived African mole-rat species: the naked mole-rat and the Damaraland mole-rat.","authors":"Koki Sekiguchi, Kaori Oka, Mari Nagase, Yui Sano, Maki Nakamoto, Kurumi Ota, Kazuki Nakamura, Mika Kobe, Naho Onoue, Nanami Inoue, Tsubasa Mikawa, Yusuke Sakai, Satoko Sakurai, Yukio Fujiwara, Yoshimi Kawamura, Takuya Yamamoto, Rochelle Buffenstein, Yoshihiro Komohara, Kyoko Miura","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02576-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02576-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several exceptionally long-lived mammals show natural resistance to cancer. The longest-lived rodent, the naked mole-rat (NMR; Heterocephalus glaber) is renowned for its remarkable resistance to carcinogenesis; however, it is unclear whether other long-lived African mole-rat species are also cancer-resistant, and whether they exhibit similar responses to chemical carcinogens. Here, we demonstrate that a long-lived, close relative of the NMR, the Damaraland mole-rat (DMR; Fukomys damarensis), is also highly resistant to skin carcinogenesis induced by two different chemical carcinogens. Strikingly, DMRs developed no tumors over a period of more than 3 years. Despite sharing a cancer-resistant phenotype, the two species exhibit markedly different immune responses. After exposure to carcinogens, DMRs show robust immune cell infiltration, whereas NMRs exhibit only minimal immune cell infiltration. At the transcriptomic level, these differences were even more pronounced. DMRs upregulated genes associated with both T cell-mediated and innate immune responses, reflecting broad immune activation, while simultaneously upregulating immunosuppressive molecules that may restrain excessive inflammatory responses. By contrast, NMRs showed limited transcriptional changes, instead engaging the keratinization and p53-related stress pathways, consistent with attenuated inflammation and potentially reflecting a distinct tissue-protective strategy. Both species, however, showed low expression of Toll-like receptor genes and loss of necroptosis induction, which may mitigate cancer-promoting tissue inflammation. Together, these findings indicate that closely related cancer-resistant African mole-rat species can exhibit divergent immune responses despite similar life-history traits and shared evolutionary history, highlighting the diversity of biological pathways associated with cancer resistance in long-lived mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149266247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GeroSciencePub Date : 2026-10-24DOI: 10.1007/s11357-026-02596-y
Seyoung Shin, MinYoung Kim
{"title":"Aerobic physical activity is associated with lower pneumonia and COVID-19 mortality in adults with cognitive impairment.","authors":"Seyoung Shin, MinYoung Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02596-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02596-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease and pneumonia are major causes of death in dementia, but cause-specific mortality has rarely been examined in clinically confirmed cognitive-impairment cohorts. In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, 116,563 individuals with clinically confirmed mild cognitive impairment or dementia in the Korean Dementia Relief Center registry (2016-2021) were linked to health screening and death registry data. Aerobic physical activity (APA) was quantified in metabolic-equivalent minutes per week (MET·min/week). Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and subdistribution HRs (sHRs). The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure controlled the false discovery rate (FDR) across 18 cause-specific comparisons. During 400,500 person-years of follow-up (mean, 3.4 years), 5022 participants (4.31%) died. Compared with inactivity, low, moderate, and high APA were associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI], 0.728 [0.652-0.813], 0.704 [0.636-0.781], and 0.636 [0.590-0.687], respectively). High APA was associated with lower pneumonia mortality (sHR, 0.554; 95% CI, 0.437-0.702) and COVID-19 mortality (sHR, 0.520; 0.368-0.735). These point estimates were numerically lower than for ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease (sHRs, 0.613 and 0.630). Pneumonia mortality was lower across all APA levels after FDR control (q ≤ 0.023). The E-value for the high APA-pneumonia association was 3.01. APA was associated with lower mortality even at modest activity levels, especially for pneumonia deaths. Achievable activity goals may therefore merit prospective evaluation as part of supportive care for adults with cognitive impairment. Because APA may also indicate preserved physiological reserve, these findings do not establish causality and require confirmation using repeated, objective activity measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149266202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GeroSciencePub Date : 2026-10-24DOI: 10.1007/s11357-026-02601-4
Orgesa Qipo, Ivan Bautmans, Wouter A J Vints, Rose Njemini, Lina Mickevičienė, Vida J Česnaitienė, Oron Levin, Nerijus Masiulis
{"title":"Acute neurotrophic responses to a single bout of blood flow restriction and eccentric overload exercise in healthy older men.","authors":"Orgesa Qipo, Ivan Bautmans, Wouter A J Vints, Rose Njemini, Lina Mickevičienė, Vida J Česnaitienė, Oron Levin, Nerijus Masiulis","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02601-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02601-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) combines substantial metabolic stress with low mechanical loading, but its neurotrophic effects remain unclear. This study investigated the acute effects of BFRT and eccentric overload exercise (EOE) on neurotrophic biomarkers in healthy older men. Sixty-three healthy older men (60-78 years) were randomized to BFRT, EOE, or a non-exercising control group. Neurotrophic, metabolic, endothelial, and muscle damage biomarkers were measured before and after exercise. Responses were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA, Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc comparisons, and correlations. Significant time × group interactions were observed for plasma BDNF (p = 0.017, ηp<sup>2</sup> = 0.151) and IL-6 (p = 0.001, ηp<sup>2</sup> = 0.22), while a marginal time × group interaction was observed for serum IGF-1 (p = 0.050, ηp<sup>2</sup> = 0.096). BFRT induced a significant increase in BDNF (mean change = 226.5 pg/mL, p = 0.006), with a greater change compared to CON (p = 0.014). IGF-1 increased significantly from baseline to 1 h post-exercise within the BFRT group (mean change = 29.2 ng/mL, p = 0.005); however, changes did not differ significantly between groups. IL-6 increased significantly following both BFRT (mean change = 8.26 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and EOE (mean change = 3.56 pg/mL, p = 0.013); however, the increase was greater only following BFRT compared to CON (p = 0.001), with no significant difference between BFRT and EOE (p = 0.123). BFRT elicited greater lactate accumulation than EOE and CON, and changes in BDNF correlated with changes in lactate (r = 0.367, p = 0.007). EOE elicited a greater CK increase than CON 48 h post-exercise, whereas syndecan-1 concentrations remained unchanged. Acute BFRT increased circulating BDNF and IGF-1 in healthy older men, and was accompanied by greater lactate accumulation, modest CK elevations, and no detectable increase in syndecan-1. The association between lactate and BDNF suggests that metabolic stress may contribute to the acute peripheral biomarker response; however, the neurological and clinical significance of these transient circulating changes remains to be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149266244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Effect of Nrf2 loss on senescence and cognition of tau‑based P301S mice.","authors":"Ruben Riordan, Wang Rong, Zhen Yu, Grace Ross, Juno Valerio, Jovita Dimas-Munoz, Valeria Heredia, Kathy Magnusson, Veronica Galvan, Viviana I Perez","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02607-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02607-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GeroSciencePub Date : 2026-10-23DOI: 10.1007/s11357-026-02614-z
Isabel Martín-Fuentes, Tristen K Inagaki, Patricio Solis-Urra, Lauren E Oberlin, Kelsey R Sewell, Thomas K Karikari, Xuemei Zeng, Chaeryon Kang, Jill K Morris, Hayley S Ripperger, George A Grove, Haiqing Huang, Bradley P Sutton, Lu Wan, Eric D Vidoni, Anna L Marsland, Charles H Hillman, Edward McAuley, Arthur F Kramer, Jeffrey M Burns, Kirk I Erickson
{"title":"Loneliness relates to smaller hippocampal subfield volumes in individuals with elevated plasma pTau217: results from IGNITE.","authors":"Isabel Martín-Fuentes, Tristen K Inagaki, Patricio Solis-Urra, Lauren E Oberlin, Kelsey R Sewell, Thomas K Karikari, Xuemei Zeng, Chaeryon Kang, Jill K Morris, Hayley S Ripperger, George A Grove, Haiqing Huang, Bradley P Sutton, Lu Wan, Eric D Vidoni, Anna L Marsland, Charles H Hillman, Edward McAuley, Arthur F Kramer, Jeffrey M Burns, Kirk I Erickson","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02614-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02614-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loneliness is associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk, but the role of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in its associations with medial temporal lobe (MTL) morphology remains unclear. We examined whether loneliness was related to total hippocampal volume, hippocampal subfields, and entorhinal cortex (ERC) volumes, and whether plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (pTau217) moderated these relationships. We analyzed baseline data from cognitively unimpaired older adults aged 65-80 years enrolled in IGNITE. Loneliness was assessed using the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale. Structural 3 T MRI included a high-resolution T2-weighted hippocampal sequence. Hippocampal subfields and ERC volumes were extracted using ASHS, and FreeSurfer estimated total hippocampal volume and intracranial volume. Participants were classified as pTau217-positive or negative using an Aβ-PET-calibrated threshold (> 0.46 pg/mL). Covariate-adjusted linear regression models tested loneliness associations and loneliness×pTau217 interactions. We included 601 participants (69.8 ± 3.7 years; 72.2% female; 76.4% White); 582 had usable pTau217 data, of whom 28.9% were pTau217-positive. pTau217 moderated associations with CA3 (β = - 0.215, 95% CI - 0.381 to - 0.048) and ERC (β = - 0.167, 95% CI - 0.318 to - 0.016), with negative associations observed among pTau217-positive but not pTau217-negative participants. Greater loneliness was associated with smaller total hippocampal volume (β = - 0.077, 95% CI, - 0.147 to - 0.007, p = 0.031), but not with individual subfields. Loneliness showed biomarker-dependent associations with MTL subfields, suggesting that pTau217-defined biological risk may modify links between psychosocial factors and neuroanatomical vulnerability. This biomarker-informed framework may help explain heterogeneity in prior loneliness-neuroimaging findings.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02875301.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GeroSciencePub Date : 2026-10-23DOI: 10.1007/s11357-026-02618-9
Matthew Peloquin, Hubert C Chen, Celine-Lea Halioua-Haubold
{"title":"Lessons from dog lifespan therapeutics for their human companions.","authors":"Matthew Peloquin, Hubert C Chen, Celine-Lea Halioua-Haubold","doi":"10.1007/s11357-026-02618-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-026-02618-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing evidence that existing cardio-renal-metabolic therapies, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, confer all-cause mortality benefits has positioned them as the first wave of potential gerotherapeutics. However, repurposing these drugs for a lifespan extension indication remains constrained by trial duration, misaligned incentives, and the lack of a viable regulatory path. We highlight two parallel strategies to address these barriers: (1) identifying and validating precise surrogate endpoints, and (2) modifying the 505(b)(2) pathway to allow accelerated approval of already-approved drugs with demonstrated mortality benefit and favorable post-marketing safety. Veterinary medicine's expanded conditional approval framework already applies these strategies, offering precedent for human gerotherapeutics development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149244201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}