GeroScience最新文献

{"title":"Bilateral neuromuscular adaptation to acute unilateral resistance exercise in healthy older adults","authors":"Nishadi N. Gamage, Abdulmajeed Altheyab, Yuxiao Guo, Bethan E. Phillips, George M. Opie, John G. Semmler, Philip Atherton, Mathew Piasecki","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01693-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01693-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Resistance exercise (RE) enhances functionality in older adults and has proven effective as a means of cross-education in scenarios of unilateral disuse. However, the extent to which older adults demonstrate cross-limb transfer at the motor unit (MU) level following a single bout of unilateral RE is unclear. Thirteen healthy older adults (74.9 ± 4.8 years; 5 females) underwent bilateral neuromuscular assessments pre- and post- a single bout of unilateral RE consisting of sets of 12 repetitions of leg extension of the dominant (exercise) leg, at 75% of 1 repetition maximum, performed to failure. Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and force steadiness (FS) were measured. Central and peripheral features of individual MU were recorded using high-density surface electromyography and intramuscular electromyography (HDs/iEMG), during contractions normalised to 25% MVC. Following unilateral RE, MVC reduced in exercise (-14.8%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and control (-6.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.003) legs, with reduced FS performance in the exercise leg compared to the control <i>(p</i> = 0.002). MU firing rate increased during contractions normalised to 25% baseline MVC in the exercised leg (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with no adaptation in the control leg (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). All iEMG recorded measures of MU potentials remained unchanged in both legs (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Acute unilateral RE leads to bilateral MVC reduction in older males and females, demonstrating the cross-limb transfer effect. However, adaptation of MU features was only apparent in the exercised limb, and mechanisms underlying the force decline in the non-exercised limb remain uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-associated methionine sulfoxide reductase A protects against valvular interstitial cell senescence and valvular calcification","authors":"Qing Li, Chengxiang Song, Zisong Wei, Hao Zhou, Shuoding Wang, Hongde Li, Haoran Yang, Qiang Luo, Junli Li, Mao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01675-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01675-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a cardiovascular disease prevalent in the aging population, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CAVD remain unclear. We initially conducted an RNA sequencing analysis of aortic valve leaflets from rats of different ages to identify key genes involved in valvular aging and calcification. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) was crucial to valvular calcification and senescence. To further investigate whether and how MSRA influences CAVD pathogenesis, we utilized two in vitro models: a human valvular interstitial cell (VIC) calcification model induced by osteogenic medium, and a VIC senescence model induced by hydrogen peroxide. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and alkaline phosphatase staining were conducted to evaluate the changes in calcific nodule formation and senescent markers. In vivo, ApoE^−/− mice were treated either a normal chow or a high-cholesterol chow to determine the effects of MSRA overexpression on aortic valve calcification and senescence. MSRA silencing increased the osteogenic differentiation and senescence of VIC, whereas its overexpression produced the opposite effects. Similarly, we found that MSRA overexpression reduced calcium deposition and decreased the levels of senescent markers in ApoE^−/− mice. Further mechanism experiments showed that MSRA suppressed osteoblastic differentiation via inhibiting the toll-like receptor (TLR2)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Our findings demonstrate that MSRA ameliorates valvular calcification and senescence by inhibiting TLR2/NF-κB pathway, highlighting MSRA as a promising target for treating age-associated CAVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No detectable impact of short-term treatment delays on lung cancer survival.","authors":"Zoltan Ungvari,Mónika Fekete,Annamaria Buda,Andrea Lehoczki,János Tibor Fekete,Gyöngyi Munkácsy,Péter Varga,Anna Ungvari,Balázs Győrffy","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01684-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01684-9","url":null,"abstract":"Timely initiation of treatment is a core principle of oncologic care, especially for aggressive cancers such as lung cancer. However, the real-world impact of short-term delays in treatment initiation on survival outcomes in lung cancer remains unclear. This meta-analysis evaluates the association between treatment delays of 4, 8, and 12 weeks and all-cause mortality in lung cancer patients. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2000 and 2025. Of 5360 screened records, 15 studies were included, comprising 16 cohorts for overall survival of lung cancer patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) for 4-, 8-, and 12-week treatment delays were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Heterogeneity was measured with the I2 statistic, and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. No significant association was found between treatment delay and survival at any of the time points. Pooled HRs were 1.00 (95% CI, 0.99-1.02) for a 4-week delay, 1.01 (95% CI, 0.99-1.03) for an 8-week delay, and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.98-1.05) for a 12-week delay. Despite high heterogeneity (I2 = 97%), no evidence of publication bias was detected. This meta-analysis found no significant impact of short-term treatment delays (up to 12 weeks) on mortality in lung cancer patients. These findings challenge the assumption that brief delays universally worsen outcomes and underscore the importance of individualized treatment planning and prioritization.","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between statins and gait speed reserve in older adults: effects of concomitant medication.","authors":"Anton De Spiegeleer,Antoon Bronselaer,Ine Mahieu,Dorien Vreys,Aaron Haslbauer,Jan-Philipp Leibfarth,Lara Van Schoote,Aster Wakjira,Mirko Petrovic,Evelien Wynendaele,Bart De Spiegeleer,Nele Van Den Noortgate,Reto W Kressig,Roland Rössler","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01682-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01682-x","url":null,"abstract":"Statins are frequently prescribed to older adults, yet their effects on ageing phenotypes such as frailty or physiological reserves remain poorly understood. Gait Speed Reserve (GSR), defined as the difference between maximal and usual gait speeds, serves as an indicator of physiological reserve, reflecting the body's ability to perform beyond baseline functional levels. Polypharmacy, prevalent in this population, may contribute to inconsistent findings through interactions between statins and concomitant medications. We aimed to investigate how concomitant medications moderate the association between statin use and GSR in older adults. To this end, we conducted a cross-sectional observational cohort study using data from the Mobility Center at the University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland (n = 5519 adults aged ≥ 60 years). Moderation regression analyses with propensity score weighting were used to evaluate the effect of concomitant medications on the association between statin use and GSR. Results showed statin use was associated with a lower GSR compared to non-use (- 1.9 cm/s [95% CI, - 3.1 to - 0.72]). However, ACE inhibitors and aspirin significantly influenced this association. The GSR difference for statin users compared to non-users increased by 3.7 cm/s (from - 2.2 to 1.5 cm/s; 95% CI, 0.0 to 7.4) with concomitant ACE inhibitor use and by 5.8 cm/s (from - 3.4 to 2.3 cm/s; 95% CI, 2.5 to 9.1) with aspirin use. We found no statistically significant association between statin use and usual gait speed, the secondary outcome. In conclusion, ACE inhibitors and aspirin interacted with statins, reversing the negative association with GSR into a positive one when co-used. Future clinical trials are needed to determine causality and further investigate the impact of concomitant medication use on statin effects in aging populations. Meanwhile, our findings underscore the importance of considering concomitant medication use when assessing the effects of statins in older adults.","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The PARP inhibitor olaparib promotes senescence in murine macrophages","authors":"Anna Kieronska-Rudek, Karim Zuhra, Kelly Ascenção, Stefan Chlopicki, Csaba Szabo","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01679-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01679-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cellular senescence is a multifaceted process involving cell cycle arrest, telomere shortening, and the accumulation of DNA damage associated with aging and cellular stress. It is marked by persistent cell cycle arrest and DNA damage accumulation, and plays an increasingly recognized role in age-related diseases and cancer therapy. Olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, is approved for use in ovarian cancer treatment. We hypothesized that olaparib may influence senescence by inhibiting DNA damage repair, and investigated its effects on non-senescent and replicatively senescent murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells). Senescent cells exhibited elevated baseline levels of PARP1 expression, PARylation, and DNA damage relative to non-senescent control cells. Olaparib amplified these differences by upregulating senescence markers (SA-β-gal and p21), inhibiting proliferation, and exacerbating DNA damage. Many of its effects were more pronounced in senescent cells. At higher concentrations (10–30 µM), olaparib induced significant cytotoxicity through mixed apoptotic and necrotic mechanisms, with senescent cells exhibiting a predominantly necrotic response. Interestingly, both mitochondrial activity and cellular bioenergetics were elevated in senescent cells at baseline, and were more severely impaired by olaparib compared to non-senescent control cells. These findings underscore olaparib’s enhanced cytotoxic and pro-senescent effects in senescent immune cells and suggest potential implications for its use in elderly cancer patients with an increased burden of senescent cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary vitamin D intake and 2-year changes in cognitive function in older adults with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome","authors":"Héctor Vázquez-Lorente, Jiaqi Ni, Indira Paz-Graniel, Estefanía Toledo, Dolores Corella, Olga Castañer, J. Alfredo Martínez, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, Jesús Vioque, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J. Tinahones, José Lapetra, Lluís Serra-Majem, Amira Bouzalmate-Hajjaj, Josep A. Tur, Rafael M. Micó Pérez, Marta Fanlo, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Ana Barabash Bustelo, Josep Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Lidia Daimiel, Emili Ros, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Teresa Rognoni, Nancy Babio, Eva M. Asensio, Karla-Alejandra Pérez-Vega, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Laura Compañ-Gabucio, Raquel Cueto-Galán, M. Angeles Zulet, Mar Nafria, Rosa Casas, Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Luis Tojal-Sierra, Ana María Gómez-Pérez, Nuria Goñi, José V. Sorli, María Dolores Zomeño, Antonio P. Arenas-Larriva, Pedro Jiménez-Sellés, Javier Basterra-Gortari, Montserrat Fitó, Jordi Salas-Salvadó","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01670-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01670-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The protective role of dietary vitamin D intake on cognitive function is of interest, but evidence remains inconsistent. We aimed to evaluate the association between dietary vitamin D intake and 2-year cognitive changes in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. This longitudinal study comprised 5454 individuals (aged 55–75 years in men and 60–75 years in women) who exhibited overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome. Data on dietary vitamin D intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed through five composite scores derived from a comprehensive battery of eight neuropsychological tests, encompassing global cognitive function, general cognitive function, attention, executive function, and language domains. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to examine the association between energy-adjusted cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake over time and 2-year changes in cognitive function. After adjusting for multiple covariates, energy-adjusted cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake as a continuous variable was associated with greater 2-year improvements in global cognitive function (<i>β</i> 1.18 × 10⁻²; 95% CI 0.19 × 10⁻² to 2.17 × 10⁻²), executive function (<i>β</i> 1.12 × 10⁻²; 95% CI 0.03 × 10⁻² to 2.21 × 10⁻²), and language (<i>β</i> 1.61 × 10⁻²; 95% CI 0.43 × 10⁻² to 2.78 × 10⁻²). Additionally, the higher cumulative average dietary vitamin D intake quartile was associated with an increase in global cognitive function (<i>β</i> 7.10 × 10⁻²; 95% CI 0.59 × 10⁻² to 13.6 × 10⁻²), language (<i>β</i> 7.07 × 10⁻²; 95% CI − 0.52 × 10⁻² to 14.7 × 10⁻²), and a lower decline in attention (<i>β</i> 9.58 × 10⁻²; 95% CI 1.60 × 10⁻² to 17.5 × 10⁻²). A higher dietary vitamin D intake was associated with modest favorable changes in cognitive function and a reduced cognitive decline over a 2-year period. These findings highlight the need for further research to explore the potential benefits of boosting dietary vitamin D intake for cognitive health in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of tetrahydroindenoindole supplementation on metabolism: A systematic review with meta-analysis of rodent-based studies","authors":"Miguel Pérez-Rodríguez, Rafael A. Casuso, Sandra Rodríguez-López, José A. González-Reyes, José M. Villalba","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01680-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01680-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Identifying novel compounds with therapeutic potential is a main area of interest in biomedical research. Tetrahydroindenoindole (THII) has emerged as a compound of interest due to both its antioxidant properties and its action as a pharmacological activator of the enzyme cytochrome <i>b</i>₅ reductase 3. However, there is a lack of comprehensive synthesis of findings, particularly concerning the effects of THII on metabolism in mice under non-disease conditions. This systematic review with meta-analysis aims to bridge this gap by analyzing existing studies. Our findings demonstrated that THII supplementation reduced body weight gain, while fat mass remained unchanged. Fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, as well as insulin levels during the glucose tolerance test, showed no changes. However, glucose tolerance improved with THII supplementation during the glucose tolerance test, particularly in animals under a high-fat diet. THII supplementation also increased O₂ consumption and CO₂ production, with a tendency to lower respiratory quotient. In mitochondria, THII supplementation did not affect state 3 respiration, while increased state 4, and decreased the respiratory exchange ratio. Notably, mitochondrial H₂O₂ production during state 4 respiration and ATP levels also remained unchanged. Furthermore, THII supplementation reduced NADPH-dependent O₂ uptake, NADPH-dependent H₂O₂ production, and lipid peroxidation. Despite the limitations and potential sources of bias identified, we observed valuable outcomes linked to THII supplementation. The significant impact on energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress underscores THII as a promising intervention with translational relevance for aging-related alterations, enhancing healthspan, and targeting metabolic-associated diseases such as obesity or diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143910150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression increases cancer mortality by 23–83%: a meta-analysis of 65 studies across five major cancer types","authors":"Zoltan Ungvari, Mónika Fekete, Annamaria Buda, Andrea Lehoczki, János Tibor Fekete, Péter Varga, Anna Ungvari, Balázs Győrffy","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01676-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01676-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Depression is a prevalent but often underrecognized comorbidity among cancer patients. Emerging evidence suggests that psychological distress may adversely impact cancer outcomes, but the magnitude of its effect on survival remains unclear. This meta-analysis evaluates the association between depression diagnosed after cancer diagnosis and cancer-specific and all-cause mortality across major cancer types. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify cohort studies examining the impact of depression on cancer mortality. Studies were included if they assessed clinically diagnosed depression or depressive symptoms using validated scales and reported hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality outcomes. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to pool HR estimates, with heterogeneity assessed via Cochran’s <i>Q</i> and <i>I</i>² statistics. Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to evaluate publication bias. A total of 65 cohort studies were included. Depression was associated with significantly increased cancer-specific mortality in colorectal cancer (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.47–2.28), breast cancer (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.13–1.34), lung cancer (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.36–1.86), and prostate cancer (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.36–2.23). When considering mixed cancer types, depression was linked to a 38% increased risk of cancer mortality (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.20–1.60). Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (<i>I</i>² range 56–98%), suggesting variations in study populations and methodologies. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, and trial sequential analysis indicated sufficient evidence for a conclusive association. Depression after cancer diagnosis is associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer-specific mortality across multiple cancer types. These findings highlight the urgent need for integrating routine mental health screening and interventions into oncology care. Future research should focus on mechanistic pathways and targeted interventions to mitigate the negative impact of depression on cancer survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthocyanin supplementation in adults at risk for dementia: a randomized controlled trial on its cardiometabolic and anti-inflammatory biomarker effects","authors":"Miguel German Borda, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Felipe Botero-Rodriguez, Jonathan Patricio-Baldera, Chiara de Lucia, Ilaria Pola, George E. Barreto, Khadija Khalifa, Anne Katrine Bergland, Miia Kivipelto, Tommy Cederholm, Henrik Zetterberg, Nicholas J. Ashton, Clive Ballard, Richard Siow, Dag Aarsland","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01669-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01669-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anthocyanins are dietary flavonoids shown to have a therapeutic capacity to mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress. The present secondary analyses from the “Anthocyanins in People at Risk for Dementia Study” were aimed at (I) determining the intervention’s effect on blood-based markers of cardiovascular disease and inflammation and (II) evaluating whether baseline factors such as age, sex, inflammation, or cardiometabolic score may moderate the intervention’s effect on inflammatory status. This study was an ancillary, 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II trial. Sub-sample participants (<i>n</i> = 99), aged 60–80 years with mild cognitive impairment or cardiometabolic disorders, were randomized to receive either 320 mg/day of anthocyanins or placebo. The biomarkers analyzed included inflammatory biomarker assessment (IL − 6, IL − 8, IL − 10, IL − 1b, TNF − α, IFN − γ), and C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as albumin, thrombocytes, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides, which were longitudinally compared between both groups. Baseline characteristics were balanced between the groups. ANCOVA analyses reveal 24-week differences favoring the anthocyanin treatment in LDL cholesterol levels (ƞp² = 0.078; <i>p</i> = 0.015), cardiometabolic score (ƞp² = 0.073; <i>p</i> = 0.021), CRP levels (ƞp² = 0.417; <i>p</i> = 0.0001), IL − 6 (ƞp2 = 0.085; <i>p</i> = 0.015), IL − 1b (ƞp² = 0.058; <i>p</i> = 0.037), and Inflam z-score 5 (ƞp² = 0.059, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Moderation analysis demonstrated that the inflammatory score at baseline was a significant predictor of the effect of the intervention on the CRP levels. Anthocyanin supplementation reduces CRP and cardiovascular disease biomarkers in individuals at risk of dementia, especially when there is increased inflammation at baseline. ClinicalTrials.gov study identifier: NCT03419039.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"224 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of longitudinal body mass index trajectories with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional study based on growth mixture modeling","authors":"Yalan Liu, Li Zhang, Zhaofeng Jin, Lin Zhang, Yan Song, Li He","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01681-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01681-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To examine the association between body mass index (BMI) trajectories, early and recent BMI changes, and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), addressing inconsistent findings in previous studies on weight change and aging. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2018 were used, selecting participants aged 50 years and older. A growth mixture model was employed to identify BMI trajectories. The association between different BMI trajectories and PhenoAgeAccel was assessed using linear and multinomial logistic regression models. The nonlinear effects of BMI changes were identified through threshold effect analysis. Among 5404 participants, the four BMI trajectories identified were as follows: stable weight (29.07%), midlife weight gain (24.31%), late-life weight gain (32.22%), and chronic obesity (14.41%). The chronic obesity group exhibited the most significant elevations in PhenoAgeAccel, indicating they were phenotypically older compared to other groups (<i>β</i> = 4.34, 95% confidence interval 3.67–5.02). Early BMI changes of less than 6% were associated with being phenotypically younger (<i>β</i> = − 5.06, <i>P</i> = 0.029), whereas increases exceeding 6% were linked to being phenotypically older (<i>β</i> = 2.83, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). The key threshold for recent BMI changes was 2%; changes below this level were associated with being phenotypically younger, while those exceeding this threshold were linked to being phenotypically older (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). This cross-sectional study suggests that individuals with long-term chronic obesity tend to be phenotypically older, whereas those with stable body weight are more likely to be phenotypically younger.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"275 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}