GeroScience最新文献

{"title":"Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage during computed tomography scanning—assessment of hyperacute hematoma growth","authors":"Bence Gunda, Péter Böjti, Tímea Takács, Esra Zhubi, Dániel Bereczki, Andrea Varga, Lajos R. Kozák","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01696-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01696-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain poorly understood, and most data are derived from postmortem studies or serial neuroimaging studies performed over hours to days from onset. Our unique case report of a hypertensive ICH serendipitously captured by serial CT provides valuable in vivo data from the very onset of hematoma formation in an aging individual. A 76-year-old hypertensive man underwent elective carotid CT angiography to evaluate a previously known asymptomatic right carotid stenosis. During scanning, he developed severe right hemispheric neurological deficit signs. Immediate rescanning and subsequent follow-up imaging revealed the hyperacute evolution of a right putaminal ICH. We co-registered four scans (from 00 h:00 min, 00 h:06 min, 00 h:21 min, and 24 h:58 min) to a common template in 3D and made volumetric measurements of the growing hematoma also assessing the spatial relationship of expansion with the sources of bleed seen as contrast extravasation (“spot signs”). We found that spot signs appeared on the periphery of the initial hematoma, and further expansion was seen in the directions determined by these spot signs. Most of the final ICH volume developed in the first 20 min post-onset, highlighting the hyperacute nature of hematoma growth. Our findings support the hypothesis that hematoma expansion in hypertensive ICH, particularly in aging individuals, results from multiple sources of bleeding due to a cascade of secondary vessel ruptures with eccentric expansion rather than a single source and continuous bleeding with concentric expansion reflecting the global fragility of the cerebral vasculature. The therapeutic time window for hematoma expansion prevention is very narrow.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The associations between biological markers of aging and appetite loss across adulthood: retrospective case–control data from the INSPIRE-T study","authors":"Annelie Turesson, Afsaneh Koochek, Margaretha Nydahl, Jean-Marc Lemaitre, Paul Bensadoun, Laurent O. Martinez, Sophie Guyonnet, Yves Rolland, Bruno Vellas, Philipe De Souto Barreto","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01691-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01691-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Appetite loss is a common clinical condition in older adulthood, but how this condition associates with biological aging remains unknown. The present study aims to examine the associations of biological aging markers with appetite loss in community-dwelling people aged 21 to 102 years. This retrospective case–control study used baseline data from the INSPIRE-T cohort in Toulouse, France. Each of the 49 cases with appetite loss was sex- and age-matched to two controls without appetite loss (<i>n</i> = 147; median age of 79 years, interquartile range: 19.5; 67% women). Appetite loss was assessed using a single yes–no question from the World Health Organization´s Integrated Care for Older People screening tool. Biomarkers (first- and second-generation DNA methylation-based epigenetic clocks [Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, and GrimAge], the inflammatory aging clock iAge, and Adenosine triphosphatase inhibitory factor 1—IF1) were derived from blood samples. Logistic regression analyzed the associations of these markers with appetite loss. In fully adjusted models, accelerated aging using GrimAge was the only biomarker associated with appetite loss (Odds Ratio = 1.21, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.03, 1.43). When stratified by age (≤ 65 years vs. &gt; 65 years) and sex, this association remained significant only in individuals over 65 years and men. Future research is needed to explore the potential mechanisms involved, as well as how other biological drivers of aging (e.g., cell senescence, deregulated nutrient sensing) relate to appetite loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective mechanism of hydrogen sulfide in okadaic acid-induced alzheimer-like pathology.","authors":"Pradip K Kamat,Anuradha Kalani,Nabendu Debnath,Zayd Mushtaq,Suresh C Tyagi,Neetu Tyagi","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01662-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01662-1","url":null,"abstract":"Okadaic acid (OKA) is a marine biotoxin that accumulates in shellfish and is responsible for causing diarrheic shellfish poisoning. OKA is a powerful and selective inhibitor of serine/threonine phosphatases 1 and 2A, which induces hyperphosphorylation of tau in vitro and in vivo leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology and memory impairment. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule produced endogenously in the brain, has been demonstrated to possess neuroprotective properties in various models of neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of H₂S in reducing OKA-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology, focusing on its effects on the GSK3β/Tau and CaMKII/CREB signaling pathways in mice. To test this hypothesis, we used age 8-10 weeks-old male C57BL/6J wild-type mice, divided into the following experimental groups: 1. Control group: Received a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). 2. WT + OKA group: Received a single ICV injection of OKA (100 ng/5 µl) bilaterally to induce AD-like pathology. OKA was dissolved in artificial cerebrospinal fluid. 3. WT + OKA + GYY4137 group: Received a single ICV injection of OKA (100 ng/5 µl) bilaterally, followed by GYY4137 (30 µM/kg) via drinking water for 21 days. 4. WT + GYY4137 group: Received only GYY4137 per se (30 µM/kg) via drinking water for 21 days. After the treatment period, synaptic proteins and neurodegeneration were evaluated using Western blotting, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry techniques. Our results demonstrate that OKA administration results in memory impairment with decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF). OKA also caused a significant decrease in synapse proteins (PSD95, MAP-2, BDNF, CaMKIIα, and Tubulin-3β) levels, along with increased expression of Tau, PHF-1, and GSK-3β and memory-associated signaling molecules and pCREB. Interestingly, IP administration of GYY4137 (30 µM/Kg; an H2S donor) for 21 days significantly improved the level of synapse proteins and memory function in OKA-treated mice. The findings of this study determine the neuroprotective mechanism of H2S in OKA-induced AD-like pathology through the modulation of Tau, GSK3β, and pCREB signaling. Therefore, H2S ameliorates OKA-induced memory impairment by improving synapse function and forgetfulness. As a result, H2S could be used as a promising therapeutic molecule against Alzheimer's disease-like pathology.","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kynurenine pathway dysregulation in cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Kyonghwan Choe, Lieke Bakker, Daniel L. A. van den Hove, Simone J. P. M. Eussen, Gunter Kenis, Inez H. G. B. Ramakers, Frans R. J. Verhey, Bart P. F. Rutten, Sebastian Köhler","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01636-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01636-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The kynurenine pathway (KP) might be involved in pathophysiological processes associated with dementia, but clinical studies reported contradictory results. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized the available evidence for (i) differences in KP metabolites in patients with cognitive impairment compared to cognitively healthy individuals and (ii) associations between KP metabolites and cognitive functioning. English, full-length articles with prospective, cross-sectional, or case–control study designs, published in Pubmed, Embase, PsychINFO, or the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to October 2023, were included. Random-effects meta-analyses of standardized mean differences (SMD) were performed. Heterogeneity, meta-regression, small study bias, and study quality assessments were carried out. Of 8797 retrieved studies, 98 were eligible for the systematic review. Meta-analyses comparing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia patients to controls (n = 27 studies) indicated lower CSF levels of tryptophan (SMD = − 0.26 [95% CI − 0.41, − 0.12]), 3-hydroxykynurenine (− 0.21 [− 0.39, − 0.04]), anthranilic acid (− 0.28 [− 0.48, − 0.08]), and quinolinic acid (− 0.38 [− 0.56, − 0.21]) in AD dementia, while CSF levels of kynurenic acid were higher (0.18 [0.01, 0.35]). Blood levels of tryptophan (− 0.39 [− 0.51, − 0.28]), kynurenic acid (− 0.31 [− 0.47, − 0.15]), xanthurenic acid (− 0.34 [− 0.54, − 0.15]), and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (− 0.42 [− 0.61, − 0.22]) were lower in AD dementia. For some of these metabolites, similar directions were observed in meta-analyses comparing individuals with mild cognitive impairment with controls, although the number of included studies in these analyses was relatively small (n = 11). Associations with cognitive test scores were inconclusive and generally non-significant. These results suggest that AD dementia is associated with lower blood levels of several KP metabolites. Findings challenge current assumptions of neurotoxic quinolinic acid levels being associated with dementia. </p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stepping and tapping: combining motor tasks improves cognitive classification","authors":"Kaylee D. Rudd, Michele L. Callisaya, Katherine Lawler, Alastair J. Noyce, James C. Vickers, Jane Alty","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01678-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01678-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gait and key-tapping are individually associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, it is unclear if these motor functions are correlated, or whether combining them improves classification of objective (dementia, MCI) and subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). We recruited 73 participants with dementia, 106 MCI, 57 SCI, and 83 cognitively healthy controls (HC). Consensus diagnosis was made after gold-standard interdisciplinary assessment. Fast-paced gait was assessed on an electronic walkway and fast-paced key-tapping on a computer keyboard. Correlations between gait and key-tapping measures (speed, frequency, variability and contact) were tested using Pearson’s correlation. Classification accuracy was calculated using area under receiver-operating-characteristic curves (AUC) and compared to the null model comprising age, sex and education. Gait and key-tapping measures correlated moderately. Combined gait and key-tapping speed improved classification accuracy of dementia (.97), and MCI (.91), from HC, but not SCI, compared to gait (dementia: .94, MCI: .87) or the null model (dementia: .89, MCI: .79). Gait and key-tapping measures were associated with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia, but the effect size for key-tapping variability was larger in vascular dementia (<i>β</i>: 225.71) compared to Alzheimer’s disease (<i>β</i>: 38.30). Gait and key-tapping variability was associated with non-amnestic MCI. Measures of gait were correlated with corresponding key-tapping measures, but their association with cognitive impairment was not the same. Combining gait and key-tapping motor measures improved classification accuracy of MCI and dementia. This suggests gait and key-tapping measures provide information about different aspects of motor-cognitive association worth further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Precision Geromedicine in Singapore","authors":"Jonas John Posko Amalaraj, Louis Island, Jane Yu Ying Ong, Laureen Wang, Jose Hans M. Valderas, Michael Dunn, Yap Seng Chong, Johannes Meij, Andrea B. Maier","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01686-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01686-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the discovery that ageing is a modifiable process in animal models, significant advancements in geroscience have led to the emergence of the field of Precision Geromedicine, which aims to optimise health and healthspan by targeting ageing-related processes. Ageing-related diseases (ARDs), accounting for 80% of Singapore’s disease burden in 2019, are on the rise as the nation approaches the “super-aged” status by 2030. In response, Singapore is reshaping its healthcare system to focus on healthy ageing, as seen in the launch of the Healthier SG initiative in 2023, which empowers citizens to manage their health proactively with support from over 1800 private general practices. Additionally, Singapore is investing in geroscience to build the foundations of Precision Geromedicine, aiming to integrate gerodiagnostics and gerotherapeutics into clinical practice. Leveraging its robust healthcare system, digital infrastructure, and socio-political stability, Singapore is well-positioned to become a model for addressing ARDs amidst global demographic shifts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral neuromuscular adaptation to acute unilateral resistance exercise in healthy older adults","authors":"Nishadi N. Gamage, Abdulmajeed Altheyab, Yuxiao Guo, Bethan E. Phillips, George M. Opie, John G. Semmler, Philip Atherton, Mathew Piasecki","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01693-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01693-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Resistance exercise (RE) enhances functionality in older adults and has proven effective as a means of cross-education in scenarios of unilateral disuse. However, the extent to which older adults demonstrate cross-limb transfer at the motor unit (MU) level following a single bout of unilateral RE is unclear. Thirteen healthy older adults (74.9 ± 4.8 years; 5 females) underwent bilateral neuromuscular assessments pre- and post- a single bout of unilateral RE consisting of sets of 12 repetitions of leg extension of the dominant (exercise) leg, at 75% of 1 repetition maximum, performed to failure. Maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and force steadiness (FS) were measured. Central and peripheral features of individual MU were recorded using high-density surface electromyography and intramuscular electromyography (HDs/iEMG), during contractions normalised to 25% MVC. Following unilateral RE, MVC reduced in exercise (-14.8%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and control (-6.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.003) legs, with reduced FS performance in the exercise leg compared to the control <i>(p</i> = 0.002). MU firing rate increased during contractions normalised to 25% baseline MVC in the exercised leg (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with no adaptation in the control leg (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). All iEMG recorded measures of MU potentials remained unchanged in both legs (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Acute unilateral RE leads to bilateral MVC reduction in older males and females, demonstrating the cross-limb transfer effect. However, adaptation of MU features was only apparent in the exercised limb, and mechanisms underlying the force decline in the non-exercised limb remain uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-associated methionine sulfoxide reductase A protects against valvular interstitial cell senescence and valvular calcification","authors":"Qing Li, Chengxiang Song, Zisong Wei, Hao Zhou, Shuoding Wang, Hongde Li, Haoran Yang, Qiang Luo, Junli Li, Mao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01675-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01675-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a cardiovascular disease prevalent in the aging population, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CAVD remain unclear. We initially conducted an RNA sequencing analysis of aortic valve leaflets from rats of different ages to identify key genes involved in valvular aging and calcification. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) was crucial to valvular calcification and senescence. To further investigate whether and how MSRA influences CAVD pathogenesis, we utilized two in vitro models: a human valvular interstitial cell (VIC) calcification model induced by osteogenic medium, and a VIC senescence model induced by hydrogen peroxide. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and alkaline phosphatase staining were conducted to evaluate the changes in calcific nodule formation and senescent markers. In vivo, ApoE^−/− mice were treated either a normal chow or a high-cholesterol chow to determine the effects of MSRA overexpression on aortic valve calcification and senescence. MSRA silencing increased the osteogenic differentiation and senescence of VIC, whereas its overexpression produced the opposite effects. Similarly, we found that MSRA overexpression reduced calcium deposition and decreased the levels of senescent markers in ApoE^−/− mice. Further mechanism experiments showed that MSRA suppressed osteoblastic differentiation via inhibiting the toll-like receptor (TLR2)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Our findings demonstrate that MSRA ameliorates valvular calcification and senescence by inhibiting TLR2/NF-κB pathway, highlighting MSRA as a promising target for treating age-associated CAVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No detectable impact of short-term treatment delays on lung cancer survival.","authors":"Zoltan Ungvari,Mónika Fekete,Annamaria Buda,Andrea Lehoczki,János Tibor Fekete,Gyöngyi Munkácsy,Péter Varga,Anna Ungvari,Balázs Győrffy","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01684-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01684-9","url":null,"abstract":"Timely initiation of treatment is a core principle of oncologic care, especially for aggressive cancers such as lung cancer. However, the real-world impact of short-term delays in treatment initiation on survival outcomes in lung cancer remains unclear. This meta-analysis evaluates the association between treatment delays of 4, 8, and 12 weeks and all-cause mortality in lung cancer patients. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2000 and 2025. Of 5360 screened records, 15 studies were included, comprising 16 cohorts for overall survival of lung cancer patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) for 4-, 8-, and 12-week treatment delays were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Heterogeneity was measured with the I2 statistic, and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. No significant association was found between treatment delay and survival at any of the time points. Pooled HRs were 1.00 (95% CI, 0.99-1.02) for a 4-week delay, 1.01 (95% CI, 0.99-1.03) for an 8-week delay, and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.98-1.05) for a 12-week delay. Despite high heterogeneity (I2 = 97%), no evidence of publication bias was detected. This meta-analysis found no significant impact of short-term treatment delays (up to 12 weeks) on mortality in lung cancer patients. These findings challenge the assumption that brief delays universally worsen outcomes and underscore the importance of individualized treatment planning and prioritization.","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between statins and gait speed reserve in older adults: effects of concomitant medication.","authors":"Anton De Spiegeleer,Antoon Bronselaer,Ine Mahieu,Dorien Vreys,Aaron Haslbauer,Jan-Philipp Leibfarth,Lara Van Schoote,Aster Wakjira,Mirko Petrovic,Evelien Wynendaele,Bart De Spiegeleer,Nele Van Den Noortgate,Reto W Kressig,Roland Rössler","doi":"10.1007/s11357-025-01682-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-025-01682-x","url":null,"abstract":"Statins are frequently prescribed to older adults, yet their effects on ageing phenotypes such as frailty or physiological reserves remain poorly understood. Gait Speed Reserve (GSR), defined as the difference between maximal and usual gait speeds, serves as an indicator of physiological reserve, reflecting the body's ability to perform beyond baseline functional levels. Polypharmacy, prevalent in this population, may contribute to inconsistent findings through interactions between statins and concomitant medications. We aimed to investigate how concomitant medications moderate the association between statin use and GSR in older adults. To this end, we conducted a cross-sectional observational cohort study using data from the Mobility Center at the University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland (n = 5519 adults aged ≥ 60 years). Moderation regression analyses with propensity score weighting were used to evaluate the effect of concomitant medications on the association between statin use and GSR. Results showed statin use was associated with a lower GSR compared to non-use (- 1.9 cm/s [95% CI, - 3.1 to - 0.72]). However, ACE inhibitors and aspirin significantly influenced this association. The GSR difference for statin users compared to non-users increased by 3.7 cm/s (from - 2.2 to 1.5 cm/s; 95% CI, 0.0 to 7.4) with concomitant ACE inhibitor use and by 5.8 cm/s (from - 3.4 to 2.3 cm/s; 95% CI, 2.5 to 9.1) with aspirin use. We found no statistically significant association between statin use and usual gait speed, the secondary outcome. In conclusion, ACE inhibitors and aspirin interacted with statins, reversing the negative association with GSR into a positive one when co-used. Future clinical trials are needed to determine causality and further investigate the impact of concomitant medication use on statin effects in aging populations. Meanwhile, our findings underscore the importance of considering concomitant medication use when assessing the effects of statins in older adults.","PeriodicalId":12730,"journal":{"name":"GeroScience","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}