Global Cardiology Science & Practice最新文献

{"title":"Impact of congenital syphilis incidence on congenital heart surgery outcomes in Brazil.","authors":"Gabriel Kaleb Martins, Maria Rayane Félix Pacífico","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.17","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the impact of congenital syphilis incidence trends on congenital heart surgery outcomes in Brazil, with a focus on mortality rates, treatment costs, and length of hospital stay. Using an ecological study design, we analyzed nationwide data from 2007 to 2023 to identify regional and temporal patterns in these relationships. The results revealed significant increases in the incidence of syphilis across all regions, accompanied by marked disparities in healthcare resource allocation and surgical capacity. The Northeast and Southeast regions demonstrated expansion in approved surgeries, while the North and South regions exhibited comparatively slower growth, highlighting inequities in specialized care access. Correlation analyses identified a moderate negative association between syphilis incidence and mortality rate, and a strong negative correlation between cost per surgery and mortality. Our regression model explained 44.2% of the variance in mortality rates, with syphilis incidence, cost per surgery, and length of hospital stay emerging as significant predictors. Machine learning validation confirmed the predominance of linear relationships, with Linear Regression (<i>R</i> ² = 0.513) outperforming Random Forest (<i>R</i> ² = 0.321). These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address regional disparities and optimize resource allocation, offering evidence-based guidance to policymakers and healthcare providers to improve neonatal health outcomes in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 2","pages":"e202517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic tools of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Comparison of left atrial strain to the HFA-PEFF score.","authors":"Antit Saoussen, Fekih Ridha, Bahri Khalil Khalil, Ferchichi Olfa, Dridi Kalthoum, Zakhama Lilia","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.21","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains challenging. Several diagnostic criteria have been proposed, and current guidelines recommend using the HFA-PEFF score in the diagnostic algorithm for HFpEF. We sought to evaluate the clinical utility of left atrial strain (LAS) in the diagnosis of HFpEF as assessed by the HFA-PEFF score. <b>Methods:</b> This was a prospective, mono-centric, cross-sectional study conducted from October 2021 to June 2022 in the Cardiology Department of the Internal Security Forces Hospital of Marsa, Tunisia. Patients were classified into two groups (A and B) based on the HFpEF diagnosis assessed by the HFA-PEFF scoring system: Group A with a score of ≥5 and Group B with a score of <5. <b>Results:</b> A total of 110 patients were eligible for the study. The mean age was 61 ± 11 years. A female predominance was noted, with 57% of the patients being female. Hypertension and diabetes were the most common cardiovascular risk factors, found in 81.8% (<i>n</i> = 90) and 54.5% (<i>n</i> = 60) of patients, respectively. The median HFA-PEFF score was 4 [2-6]. Forty-six patients (41.6%) were given a clinical diagnosis of HFpEF. LAS analysis showed that PALS (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and PACS (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were significantly lower in Group A compared with Group B. PALS was strongly correlated with the HFA-PEFF score (r = -0.693, <i>p</i> < 0.001). PALS (AUC = 0.889; <i>p</i> < 0.001) was significantly the best predictor of HFpEF diagnosis. After multivariate analysis, PALS (HR = 0.782; 95% CI [0.629-0.973]; <i>p</i> = 0.027) was an independent predictor of HFpEF diagnosis, with a cut-off value of 24% (sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 89.5%). <b>Conclusion:</b> PALS is a simple and sensitive ultrasound parameter that can be used for the diagnosis of HFpEF.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 2","pages":"e202521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent, isolated left main coronary artery stenosis in a young female.","authors":"Brianna Skaff, Jeff Spindel, Melissa Miller, Maya Ignaszewski","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.24","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 21-year-old female with no prior cardiac history presented multiple times with chest pain and elevated cardiac biomarkers. Single-photon emission computed tomography revealed a reversible perfusion defect, and coronary angiography was attempted, but was aborted. After multiple similar presentations without angiography, the patient suffered ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed 99% subtotal occlusion of the left main coronary artery and a reduced ejection fraction of 20% complicated by cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock requiring mechanical circulatory support-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to recovery. An extensive workup did not reveal any secondary causes. Despite frequent follow-up and strict adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy, she developed recurrent angina and was found to have severe in-stent restenosis of the left main coronary artery, requiring two-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting. Despite normal blood counts prior to surgery, post-surgical labs revealed blast-phase acute myeloid leukemia, prompting the initiation of chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 2","pages":"e202524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subclinical myocardial edema and arrhythmic burden in mitral valve prolapse: Insights from T2 mapping.","authors":"Francesco Mangini, Antonio Di Monaco, Luca Sgarra, Roberto Calbi, Francesco Spinelli, Ilaria Dentamaro, Robert W W Biederman, Grazia Casavecchia, Matteo Gravina, Massimo Grimaldi","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.25","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitral valve prolapse is a common condition often considered benign; however, its association with arrhythmogenic risks is well-established, particularly when linked with mitral annular disjunction and myocardial fibrosis. Edema often precedes fibrosis in many clinical conditions, and both edema and myocardial fibrosis are detectable in vivo using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. In cases of mild or chronic edema (subclinical edema), standard T2-weighted sequences may not be sufficient for identification; however, T2 mapping sequences can detect such edema. This study aimed to assess whether subclinical myocardial edema identified through T2 mapping is related to arrhythmic burden in patients with mitral valve prolapse and mitral annular disjunction, even in the absence of fibrosis. Thirty-four patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and were classified into low and high arrhythmic burden groups based on the Lown grading system. Inclusion criteria were normal myocardial signal intensity on conventional T2-weighted imaging, non-hemodynamically significant mitral regurgitation, presence of mitral annular disjunction, and absence of fibrosis. The analysis was twofold: segmental, comparing native T2 times between corresponding myocardial segments of the groups; and regional, contrasting basal segments of the lateral, inferolateral, and inferior walls, typically more affected by mitral valve prolapse, with remote myocardium within each group. Patients with higher arrhythmic burdens showed elevated native T2 times, indicating subclinical myocardial edema in the basal myocardial segments. This suggests that even without fibrosis, early myocardial alterations related to mitral valve prolapse may be related to arrhythmic risks. The clinical implications are significant, advocating the integration of T2 mapping into routine evaluations to enhance therapeutic decision making and patient outcomes. The early detection of myocardial changes may allow timely intervention and potentially modify the disease course. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the utility of T2 mapping in managing mitral valve prolapse, even in patients without mitral annular disjunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 2","pages":"e202525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the global divide: Strengthening translational autophagy research in cardiovascular disease for low and middle-income countries.","authors":"Ornella Fiorillo-Moreno, Jessica Manosalva-Sandoval, Maria Isabel Barraza Viloria","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.20","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 2","pages":"e202520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"The impact of drug eluting stents on the co-release of interleukin-6 in patients with stable angina\".","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.18","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 2","pages":"e202518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the best PCSK9 vaccine design for atherosclerosis based on mouse models: A frequentist network meta-analysis.","authors":"Muhammad Iqhrammullah, Asyraf Muzaffar, Derren David Christian Homenta Rampengan, Chairul Ichwan, Ayers Gilberth Ivano Kalaij, Seba Talat Al-Gunaid, Nur Adiba Purba, Naufal Gusti, Muhammad Rinaldi Sufri, Adi Purnawarman","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.19","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) plays a crucial role in regulating the plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). In contrast, vaccines have been developed to induce PCSK9-specific antibodies, which could improve dyslipidemia in atherosclerotic animal models. The aim of this study was to determine the best PCSK9 vaccine design for improving dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in animal studies. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published as of August 2024. Studies that developed a PCSK9 vaccine and reported its efficacy in mouse models were included. A random-effects model was used to conduct a frequentist network meta-analysis. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as size effects. Heterogeneity in the model was judged based on the <i>I</i> ² values. <b>Results:</b> Six studies, published between 2014 and 2024, were included. There were 8 vaccine designs developed using different peptides, carriers, and delivery systems. Vaccines prepared with human PCSK9-003 epitope peptide (F-A-Q-S-I-P-W-N) with Qb virus-like particles consistently appeared to be the best vaccine design for the reduction of total cholesterol (<i>p</i> < 0.001), LDL-C (<i>p</i> = 0.002), and triglycerides (<i>p</i> = 0.024). The heterogeneity was low for total cholesterol and LDL-C (<i>I²</i> = 16% and 0%, respectively) and moderate for triglycerides (<i>I²</i> =64%). <b>Conclusion:</b> Vaccines prepared from the PCSK9-003 epitope peptide (F-A-Q-S-I-P-W-N) conjugated with Qb virus-like particles are suggested to be promising for atherosclerosis treatment by reducing LDL-C and improving other lipid profiles. <b>PROSPERO:</b> CRD42024596892.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 2","pages":"e202519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac function and atrial conduction time in morbid obesity: Insights from an echocardiographic case-control study.","authors":"Fatemeh Omidi, Soheila Sadeghi, Mohammad Javad Nasiri, Zeinab Ghaffari, Kiana Ghafourian, Masoud Hosain Panahi","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.13","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity, especially morbid obesity, is linked to increased cardiovascular risk, including potential abnormalities in atrial conduction and changes in cardiac structure. This study examines the impact of morbid obesity on atrial conduction time (ACT) and associated echocardiographic parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study involved 100 patients from Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, including 50 with morbid obesity and 50 with normal BMI. Demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic data were collected. ACT was measured, and echocardiographic parameters including left atrial septum thickness, posterior wall thickness, and mitral valve peak early diastolic velocity (MV.PAV.1) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The morbid obesity group exhibited significantly prolonged ACT (<i>p</i> = 0.007) compared to the normal BMI group, indicating impaired atrial conduction. Echocardiographic analysis revealed that left atrial septum thickness (0.90 ± 0.05 vs. 0.85 ± 0.07, <i>p</i> = 0.012), posterior wall thickness (0.84 ± 0.05 vs. 0.80 ± 0.03, <i>p</i> = 0.034), and MV.PAV.1 (73.68 ± 17.67 vs. 61.35 ± 14.44, <i>p</i> = 0.029) were significantly higher in the morbid obesity group compared to the normal BMI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Morbid obesity is associated with prolonged ACT and increased echocardiographic measurements of left atrial septum thickness, posterior wall thickness, and MV.PAV.1. These findings suggest that morbid obesity adversely affects atrial conduction and cardiac structure, highlighting the need for targeted cardiovascular risk management in obese patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 1","pages":"e202513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An empirical study on the impact of genetics and gender and its consequences in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Anshuman Gupta, Harneet Singh Khurana, Gurmeet Singh","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.15","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gender-associated variations in phenotypic expression and their consequences are established in numerous cardiac circumstances. However, their impact is questionable in the case of HCM.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the demographic and clinical profiles of the HCM patients. Also, to compare the echocardiographic features according to the HCM subtypes in the study populace.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The present study was conducted at the DMCH, Ludhiana, from March 2019 to May 2021, using a prospective observational and non-blinded design. The data regarding demographic and clinical profile are gathered for the specified duration. The clinical features are confirmed through the Echocardiography. The gathered data are analyzed through chi-square to determine the differences among the groups with the aid of the SPSS tool.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The demographic profiles and clinical assessment of 103 patients are analyzed. The subjective assessment reveals that HCM is predominantly in males in a ratio of 2.1:1. Dyspnea is a chief complaint of both genders (77.67%). Apical type is prevalent in male HCM patients. MYBPC3 and MYH7 are the general mutations found in the genetic tests. SCD is found in patients possessing this type of genetic mutation. The non-obstructive type is more common than the obstructive type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HCM is a chronic disease and causes morbidity as well as mortality globally. HCM patients are vulnerable to SCD and stroke. These risk factors rely on the diagnosis associated with age, gender, obstruction, obesity, and coronary diseases. Hence, the present research on the demographic characteristics of HCM patients promotes awareness regarding the complications among the Indian populace.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 1","pages":"e202515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12513463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-assisted heart failure management: A review of clinical applications, case studies, and future directions.","authors":"Abdullaah Idris-Agbabiaka, Muhammad Mehwar Anjum, Mehak Semy, Shree Rath, Muhammad Rizwan, Okam Onyinyechi Victoria, Amna Anwar, Folayemi Abiodun Iwaloye, Patrick Ashinze","doi":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.6","DOIUrl":"10.21542/gcsp.2025.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure is a major global health problem that affects over 64 million people and has significant economic costs. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial, but traditional methods can be limited by the complexity and variability of symptoms. New approaches are needed to improve diagnosis and treatment, such as innovative biomarkers, advanced imaging, and personalized therapy. This study explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in heart failure diagnosis. The integration of AI in heart failure care holds transformative potential by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, predicting disease progression, and personalizing treatment plans through sophisticated algorithms and machine learning models. Technologies such as automated image analysis, natural language processing, and wearable devices enable continuous monitoring and timely interventions, improving patient outcomes and reducing hospital readmissions. Despite data privacy and algorithm transparency challenges, AI's ability to process vast datasets and provide real-time insights represents a significant leap forward in heart failure management. This review emphasizes AI's promising applications and future directions in reshaping heart failure care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12669,"journal":{"name":"Global Cardiology Science & Practice","volume":"2025 1","pages":"e202506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12542969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145354565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}