Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Changes in Caregiver Burden Following Cataract Surgery in Older Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Dementia: A Prospective Pilot Study.","authors":"Reiko Umeya, Koichi Ono, Yuto Yoshida","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040086","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Dementia is a global public health priority, and visual impairment has been identified as a modifiable risk factor. While cataract surgery improves quality of life in mild cognitive impairment, its impact on the burden of caregivers supporting patients with moderate-to-severe dementia remains underexplored. <b>Objectives:</b> To explore changes in caregiver burden following cataract surgery in older adults with dementia. <b>Methods:</b> This prospective, single-center, observational pilot study included 28 patient-caregiver pairs aged ≥ 75 years with dementia who underwent cataract surgery. Caregiver burden was assessed using the Japanese version of the Zarit Burden Interview (J-ZBI) at baseline and 3 months postoperatively. Patient outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (logMAR), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Barthel Index (BI). Pre- and postoperative values were compared using paired <i>t</i>-tests, with exploratory analyses to identify factors associated with postoperative burden. <b>Results:</b> Visual acuity significantly improved after surgery (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The retention rate was 84.8%, indicating feasibility of postoperative follow-up. No detectable short-term changes were observed in J-ZBI (<i>p</i> = 0.48), BI (<i>p</i> = 0.15), or MMSE (<i>p</i> = 0.89). In exploratory analyses, higher preoperative burden and younger caregiver age were associated with higher postoperative burden. <b>Conclusions:</b> Cataract surgery significantly improved visual acuity in older adults with moderate-to-severe dementia. However, no detectable short-term changes were observed in caregiver burden, cognitive function, or activities of daily living during the 3-month follow-up period. In exploratory analyses, potentially hypothesis-generating associations were suggested between higher baseline J-ZBI scores, younger caregiver age, and higher postoperative burden. The study nevertheless demonstrated the feasibility of conducting prospective research in this population and provides preliminary data for future studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geriatric Oral Health in the United States: Current Status and Challenges.","authors":"Sherif Ammar, Frederick Howard, Xi Chen, Duangporn Duangthip","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040084","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The United States is experiencing rapid population aging, making geriatric oral health an increasingly important public health and clinical concern. Older adults bear a disproportionate burden of oral diseases, including dental caries, periodontal disease, edentulism, xerostomia, and oral cancer, many of which are closely linked to chronic systemic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairment. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on oral disease patterns and trends among older adults in the United States, with particular attention to the bidirectional relationships between oral and systemic health. It further examines the organization of oral health care delivery and financing for this population, including the roles of Medicare and Medicaid. Persistent inequities in access to preventive and restorative dental services are highlighted, especially among low-income individuals, racial and ethnic minorities, rural residents, and older adults with functional or cognitive limitations. Workforce shortages, fragmented care models, and limited integration of oral health into primary and geriatric care further exacerbate these disparities. Finally, this review identifies future directions to improve geriatric oral health, including policy reforms to expand dental coverage, integration of oral health into medical and long-term care settings, adoption of minimally invasive approaches, and strengthened interprofessional education and research. Addressing these challenges is essential to promoting healthy aging and reducing oral health disparities among older adults in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyponatraemia in Neck of Femur Fracture: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Outcomes.","authors":"Amirmohammad Heidari, Kiana Heidary, Hussain Aladdin Leelo, Mohamed H Ahmed","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040085","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Hyponatraemia is the commonest electrolyte disturbance encountered in older adults admitted with neck of femur (NOF) fracture. It is now recognised both as associated with fragility fracture and as an independent prognostic indicator for adverse post-operative outcomes. <b>Methods:</b> Narrative review of the literature, with emphasis on cohort studies, meta-analyses and mechanistic investigations pertinent to hip fracture in adults. <b>Results:</b> Admission hyponatraemia affects approximately 13-20% of NOF patients, twice the prevalence observed in age-matched community-dwelling elders and broadly comparable to general geriatric inpatients. A further 20-30% develop in-hospital, predominantly post-operative, hyponatraemia. Mild hyponatraemia (130-135 mmol/L) accounts for 75-85% of cases. Pathophysiology is multifactorial: hypovolaemia from the fracture haematoma, fasting and pre-admission \"long lie\"; drug effects (thiazides, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), proton pump inhibitors, carbamazepine, opioids); and non-osmotic arginine vasopressin (AVP) release driven by pain, nausea and peri-operative stress. Chronic hyponatraemia is hypothesised to contribute to fracture risk through three convergent mechanisms, direct sodium-dependent stimulation of osteoclastogenesis with AVP-mediated bone resorption, subtle cerebral dysfunction producing gait and attention deficits, and sarcopenia, although much of this mechanistic evidence derives from animal and in vitro studies rather than from patients with hip fracture. Hyponatraemia is reproducibly associated with longer length of stay, delayed surgery, and an adjusted 30-day mortality hazard of approximately 1.15-1.40. A dose-response relationship with severity is demonstrable; pre-operative correction has not been shown to improve outcomes in any randomised trial. <b>Conclusions:</b> Hyponatraemia in NOF fracture is consistently a consequence of the acute event and, at minimum, a robust marker of frailty and adverse prognosis. Whether it also causally contributes to fracture risk remains unproven, since the supporting human evidence is entirely observational and mechanistic, each contributing study carries methodological weaknesses that warrant caution, and no interventional study has established causality. Where hyponatraemia is mild and isolated, current evidence does not support delaying surgery; moderate and severe hyponatraemia warrant individualised assessment, with cautious correction proceeding alongside surgical planning rather than postponing it. Given the absence of interventional evidence, no correction strategy can yet be recommended to improve fracture or surgical outcomes. Prospective trials of targeted correction strategies and rehabilitation outcomes are overdue.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overall and Relative Survival After a Second Contralateral Hip Fracture in Adults over 65 Years: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Maria-Dolors Rosinés-Cubells, Mercè Castejón, Joan Espaulella-Panicot, Andrew Ore-Zuñiga, Anna Arnau","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040083","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The main objective of this study was to estimate 1- and 3-year overall survival and relative survival in patients aged >65 years who underwent surgery for a second contralateral hip fracture. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective cohort study including patients aged ≥65 years who underwent surgery for a first or second contralateral hip fracture between June 2010 and December 2021. Overall survival (OS) was estimated from the date of surgery to death from any cause or end of follow-up. Relative survival (RS) was calculated as the ratio between observed survival and expected survival derived from general population mortality tables for Catalonia implemented in the WebSurvCa application. <b>Results:</b> A total of 2642 patients were included (2467 primary fractures; 175 s contralateral fractures). Patients with a second fracture were older and had worse pre-fracture functional and cognitive status. At 3 years, overall survival was 53.8% (95% CI: 51.7-55.9) after a first fracture and 43.7% (95% CI: 36.3-52.4) after a second contralateral fracture. Relative survival estimates were 70.5% (95% CI: 67.7-73.3) and 59.0% (95% CI: 49.1-70.8), respectively. Divergence between expected and relative survival became more evident at 3 years than at 1 year. Advanced age, male sex, and worse pre-fracture functional or cognitive status were associated with poorer survival in both cohorts. <b>Conclusions:</b> A second contralateral hip fracture may represent a clinically relevant marker of increased vulnerability and greater clinical complexity, associated with substantial excess mortality compared with general population matched by age and sex. Relative survival highlights the true prognostic burden of a primary or second fracture and supports intensive secondary prevention and tailored follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Favorable Changes in Basic Functional Status and Mobility After Participation in a Community-Based Day Center Program for Older Adults: A Pre-Post Study of Two Independent Annual Cohorts in Chile.","authors":"Armando Cifuentes-Amigo, Claudia Fica, Ignacio Salas, Nacim Molina, Diego Arauna, Eduardo Fuentes, Iván Palomo","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040082","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: Community-based day center programs may support healthy ageing by promoting functional ability, mental well-being, and social participation among older adults, but real-world evidence from Latin America remains limited. <b>Objective</b>: We aimed to examine changes in functional status, mental health, and quality of life among older adults participating in the CEDIAM program in the Maule Region of Chile in 2022 and 2023. Methods: Pre-post observational study using routinely collected data from 15 CEDIAM centers. The 2022 and 2023 datasets were analyzed as independent cohorts. Functional status was assessed with the Barthel Index, the Lawton and Brody scale, and the Timed Up and Go test; mental health with the Mini-Mental State Examination and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale; and quality of life with the EuroQol-5D visual analogue scale. Paired comparisons, category-transition analyses, and multivariable logistic regression models of improvement were performed. <b>Results</b>: Baseline samples included 894 participants in 2022 and 897 in 2023. In 2022, all continuous outcomes improved significantly (all <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). In 2023, the Barthel Index, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Geriatric Depression Scale improved (all <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and the EuroQol-5D visual analogue scale also improved (<i>p</i> < 0.01), whereas the Lawton and Brody scale (<i>p</i> = 0.204) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (<i>p</i> = 0.725) did not. Category-transition analyses showed significant improvements in basic activities of daily living and mobility in both cohorts (both <i>p</i> < 0.001), while significant categorical changes in instrumental activities of daily living, global cognition, depressive symptoms, and self-rated quality of life were observed only in 2022 (all <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01). Rural residence was associated with higher odds of improvement in basic activities of daily living (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.17-2.25; <i>p</i> = 0.004), whereas age ≥75 years was associated with lower odds of improvement in depressive symptoms (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.41-0.76; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and self-rated quality of life (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45-0.94; <i>p</i> = 0.023). <b>Conclusions</b>: Participation in CEDIAM was associated with favorable changes, particularly in basic functional status and mobility, although responses varied across outcomes and participant subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invisible Ties and Essential Care: Chosen Family Caregivers in the HIV Landscape.","authors":"Kristina M Kokorelias, Luxey Sirisegaram, Dean Valentine, Stephanie Hatzifilalithis","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040080","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chosen family caregivers assume caregiving roles by choice rather than by blood or legal relation. Chosen family caregivers play a critical yet often invisible role in supporting older adults living with HIV. Unlike traditional family caregivers, many chosen family members are themselves living with HIV or other chronic health conditions, creating unique dynamics of mutual support, resilience, and vulnerability. Older LGBTQ adults are disproportionately reliant on chosen family, often due to stigma, estrangement from biological family, or social marginalization, highlighting distinct challenges in caregiving relationships. Women in chosen family roles frequently experience compounded burdens, balancing emotional, physical, and logistical care responsibilities alongside broader social and structural pressures. Despite their essential contributions, chosen family caregivers remain largely unrecognized within healthcare systems, limiting their access to formal support, respite, and decision-making authority. This commentary synthesizes the existing literature and conceptual perspectives to examine the social, gendered, and health-related dimensions that distinguish chosen family caregiving. It highlights key gaps in recognition and support and outlines implications for policy, research, and practice aimed at strengthening care for older adults living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty, Sarcopenia, and Cognitive Risk in Senior Living Communities: Associations with Relocation Reasons and Fitness Amenity Utilization.","authors":"Chiung-Ju Liu, Gabriella Ulloa, Kelly Leal, Chia-Wei Fan, Pei-Shiun Chang, Inga Wang","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040081","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Senior living communities have become a popular living arrangement for older adults seeking supportive environments for aging in place. However, older adults may enter these communities with existing health vulnerabilities. This study described the prevalence of frailty, sarcopenia risk, and cognitive risk among residents and examined their associations with relocation reasons and fitness amenity utilization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among residents aged ≥65 years who had lived in the community for at least 3 months. Survey items included demographics, health status, living history, relocation reasons, physical activity, fitness amenity use, and screening tools for frailty, sarcopenia risk, and cognitive impairment. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Spearman rank correlations were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 147 residents (Mean age = 80.2 years, SD = 7.1) responded to the survey. Overall, 28.5% met criteria for frailty, 19.7% screened positive for sarcopenia risk, and 21.8% for cognitive risk. Residents who reported a health-related reason for relocation showed greater frailty (U = 410, <i>p</i> < 0.001), sarcopenia risk (U = 393, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and cognitive impairment (U = 1062, <i>p</i> = 0.01). More frequent fitness amenity use was associated with lower frailty and sarcopenia risk scores (Spearman's Rho = -0.30 and -0.40, respectively, both <i>p</i> < 0.01), but not cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A meaningful subset of senior living residents were at risk for frailty, sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment. Routine screening and interventions promoting fitness amenity use may support healthy aging in senior living communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13397950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of mHealth on Medication Adherence in Older Adults with Chronic Diseases Facing Treatment Burden: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Leandro Amato, Isabella Napoleoni, Noemi Giannetta, Emanuele Di Simone, Nicolò Panattoni, Alessandra Improta, Erika Renzi, Azzurra Massimi, Marco Di Muzio, Sofia Taborri","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040078","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: In older adults, multimorbidity and polypharmacy complicate medication regimens and often lead to poor adherence. Mobile health (mHealth) has been suggested as a solution to enhance medication adherence in chronic conditions. Despite the increase in smartphone usage among people aged 65 and over, there is still a lack of evidence of mHealth in this age group. <b>Objectives</b>: To evaluate the impact of mHealth interventions on medication adherence in older adults (≥65 years) with chronic diseases, compared with standard care or other interventions. <b>Methods</b>: The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews. Randomized controlled trials published from 2000 onwards were considered with no linguistic or geographical restrictions. The databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. Methodological quality was assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials. <b>Results</b>: 551 records were initially identified, from which 8 randomized controlled trials published between 2014 and 2025 were included. Six of eight studies showed that medication adherence in mHealth groups was significantly higher than in controls. However, one study found benefits only in specific drug classes rather than a general improvement. <b>Conclusions</b>: The results of this review suggest that mHealth has the potential to improve medication adherence among older adults with chronic diseases, especially when interventions go beyond simple reminders and incorporate educational and relational components. Nevertheless, higher quality studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are needed to clarify mHealth's role in the care of this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Elder Abuse in an Italian Emergency Department: A Six-Year Retrospective Study and Implications for Systematic Screening.","authors":"Martina Focardi, Paola D'Onofrio, Marco Carnevali, Francesca Romana Ermini, Edoardo Orlandi, Ilenia Bianchi, Barbara Gualco, Vilma Pinchi, Beatrice Defraia","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040079","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Elder abuse remains a significantly underreported public health issue. The study examines how elder abuse is detected through a passive, suspicion-based case-finding pathway in an Italian university hospital emergency department (ED) and what the findings imply for improving systematic screening. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed elder abuse cases accessed at Careggi University Hospital ED (Florence, Italy) from 2017 to 2022. Eligible patients were aged ≥65 years and had suspected or confirmed elder abuse identified through Rosa Code protocol activation, abuse-related ICD-10 codes, and forensic consultation records. Two investigators independently reviewed eligible charts using predefined inclusion criteria and a standardized data-extraction form. Missing or unclear documentation was quantified descriptively, and no imputation was performed. <b>Results:</b> Sixty-seven elder abuse cases were identified during the six-year period, corresponding to a reported detection rate of 0.8% among the records screened for this study (mean: 11.2 cases/year). All eligible cases were captured through Rosa Code activation; ICD-10 and forensic-record searches did not identify additional cases. The majority of victims were women (76.1%), with a mean age of 75.5 years, and 76.1% had documented comorbidities. Physical abuse was the most common form (61.2%), predominantly perpetrated by family members (93.8%) within the victim's home (64.2%). Head and neck injuries were most frequent (43.3%). A notable 50% decline in reported cases occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite law enforcement notification in 78% of cases, 65.7% of patients were discharged home. <b>Conclusions:</b> The study's detection rate (<1%) falls critically short of international benchmarks (3-5%), underscoring urgent need for systematic screening using validated tools and staff training and multidisciplinary safeguarding pathways in Italian emergency departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age, Not Sex, Drives Sarcopenia Severity in Mexican Older Adults with a Health Insurance Plan.","authors":"Selma Karime Castillo-Vazquez, Nadia Alejandra Rivero-Segura, Juan Carlos Gomez-Verjan, Jazmin Camacho, Daniel Hernández-Pando","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics11040077","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics11040077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Sarcopenia significantly increases the risk of hospitalization and mortality in older adults. However, the prevalence by sex varies across populations and according to the criteria used by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Hence, in the current study, we aim to characterize the prevalence of sarcopenia by jointly evaluating all three diagnostic domains in a Mexican cohort of older adults subscribed to a health insurance plan. <b>Methods</b>: We performed binomial and multinomial regression models, ordinal logistic regression, and multiple linear regression from the data corresponding to muscle mass (ASMI), muscle strength (handgrip dynamometry), and physical performance (SPPB) from 556 Mexican older adults (62.2% female; 72.27 ± 6.35 y.o.) categorized by sarcopenia severity according to the EWGSOP2. <b>Results</b>: Men exhibited significantly higher absolute muscle mass and strength across all categories (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, our statistical analyses demonstrate that age, but not sex, is involved in sarcopenia severity in this population. Moreover, when analyzing the disaggregated EWGSOP2 domains, the results demonstrate that sex is significantly associated with muscle mass (ASMI) and muscle strength (Handgrip strength). <b>Conclusions</b>: These results suggest that sex only influences both muscle mass (ASMI) and muscle strength (handgrip strength) while sarcopenia severity only depends on age.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}