Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Lung Cancer: New Directions in Senior Patients Assessment.","authors":"Anca Iuliana Pîslaru, Sabinne-Marie Albișteanu, Adina Carmen Ilie, Ramona Ștefaniu, Aurelia Mârza, Ștefan Moscaliuc, Mălina Nicoară, Ana-Maria Turcu, Gabriela Grigoraș, Ioana Dana Alexa","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040101","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age is but one significant prognostic factor in lung cancer, influencing survival, treatment response, and outcomes. This narrative review synthesizes findings from searches of 11 leading databases of research studies, systematic reviews, book chapters, and clinical trial reports on lung cancer in senior patients, with a focus on geriatric assessment as well as biomarkers. Key prognostic factors for lung cancer in seniors include biological age, functional capability, physical and psychological comorbidities, frailty, nutrition, status, and biomarkers like DNA methylation age. We identified the most valuable assessments that balance efficacy with quality of life. Optimizing care and improving outcomes with senior lung cancer patients benefits from a tailored therapeutic approach incorporating a complex geriatric assessment. A multidisciplinary collaboration between geriatricians, oncologists, and pulmonologists is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Factors and Biomarkers Associated with Depressive Disorders in Older Patients Affected by Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Does the Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs)/RAGE (Receptor for AGEs) System Play Any Role?","authors":"Massimiliano Buoli, Elena Dozio, Lara Caldiroli, Silvia Armelloni, Elena Vianello, Massimiliano Corsi Romanelli, Giuseppe Castellano, Simone Vettoretti","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depressive disorders are highly prevalent among subjects suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the present study is to evaluate clinical and biochemical factors associated with depressive disorders in a sample of older CKD patients, with a focus on advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their soluble receptors (sRAGEs). A total of 115 older subjects affected by CKD (stages 3 to 5, not in dialysis) were selected for this study. These patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of depressive disorders defined by a score ≥ 10 on the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The two groups were compared by independent sample t tests for continuous variables and χ² tests for qualitative ones. Significant variables at univariate analyses were then inserted as predictors of a binary logistic regression model, with the presence or absence of depressive disorders as a dependent variable. The binary logistic regression model showed that patients with concomitant depressive disorders were more frequently of female gender (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and had lower MCP1 (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and AGE circulating levels (<i>p</i> < 0.01) than their counterparts. Depressive disorders in older CKD patients are more prevalent in women and seem to be inversely associated with systemic inflammation and circulating AGEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pisa Syndrome Secondary to Drugs: A Scope Review.","authors":"Jamir Pitton Rissardo, Nilofar Murtaza Vora, Naseeb Danaf, Saivignesh Ramesh, Sanobar Shariff, Ana Letícia Fornari Caprara","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040100","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pisa syndrome, also known as pleurothotonus, is a neurological condition characterized by more than ten degrees of constant lateral curvature of the spine when upright. In this way, the present manuscript aims to systematically review Pisa syndrome secondary to drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two reviewers identified and assessed relevant reports in six databases without language restriction between January 1990 and June 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of Pisa syndrome varied from 0.037 to 9.3%. We found 109 articles containing 191 cases of drug-induced Pisa syndrome reported in the literature. The mean and median ages were 59.70 (SD = 19.02) and 67 (range = 12-98 years). The most prevalent sex was female, 56.91% (107/188). The most frequent medications associated with Pisa syndrome were acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in 87 individuals. Of 112 individuals in which the onset time from the medication to the movement disorder occurrence was reported, 59 took place within a month. In this way, a return to baseline was observed in 45.50% of the cases, and partial recovery was observed in 14.28%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We proposed new diagnostic criteria for Pisa syndrome based on previous findings in the literature. Moreover, multiple mechanisms are probably involved in balance control and the development of lateral trunk flexions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Regular Physical Activity on the Mental Health and Well-Being of Dementia Patients in High-Income Countries-A Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Simranjeet Kaur, Sai Hyma Sree Cherukuri, Sheikh Mahbub Murshed, Adiyasuren Purev-Ochir, Erini Abdelmassih, Fahad Hanna","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040098","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Dementia is a term used to describe a group of symptoms impacting memory, thinking, and social abilities. Evidence suggests a positive role of physical activity in physical and mental well-being in general. This systematic scoping review aimed to gather, summarise, and analyse evidence of the impact of physical activity on the mental health and well-being of dementia patients. <b>Methods:</b> A comprehensive systematic search of mainly primary research was conducted using several databases. Peer-reviewed studies in high-income countries published between 2005 and 2023 were included. The systematic scoping review was performed using the framework outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) statement. <b>Results:</b> Twenty-four articles (including 93,984 participants) were included in the analysis. Most articles (21) reported that physical activity (particularly regular physical activity) is associated with decreased depression score, decreased cognition impairment, and fewer falls, all of which contributed to improved well-being among dementia patients. These studies showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the level of physical activity and the level of improvement in the mental health and well-being of dementia patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> Findings from this systematic scoping review provide relatively reliable evidence that regular physical activity may improve the mental health and well-being of dementia patients. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses may be required to further confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11353956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty as a Risk Factor for Depression after COVID-19 Hospital Admission.","authors":"Isabel María Soler-Moratalla, Sergio Salmerón, Silvia Lozoya-Moreno, Ana María Hermosilla-Pasamar, Antonio Henández-Martínez, Julián Solís-García Del Pozo, Margarita Escribano-Talaya, Maria Antonia Font-Payeras, Francisco García-Alcaraz","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This work aims to establish the relationship between depression and epidemiological or imaging variables, frailty, and cognitive status in patients who suffered hospital admission for COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal observational study investigated 72 patients admitted for COVID-19 to a hospital in Spain. Patients were evaluated at discharge and six months later. Clinical, analytical, and imaging variables were collected. A neurocognitive, nutritional, and frailty (FRAIL scale) assessment of the included patients was carried out. The risk of depression was considered for a result above 5 points on the PHQ-9 scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The variables that were significantly related to the risk of depression 6 months after admission for COVID-19 were frailty (<i>p</i> = 0.006 for pre-frail and <i>p</i> = 0.001 for frail), small-vessel vascular disease in imaging tests (<i>p</i> = 0.033), vitamin D level (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and taking antidepressants (<i>p</i> = 0.011). Factors that were negatively associated with the presence of depression 6 months after discharge were a higher score on the CAMCOG cognitive scale (<i>p</i> = 0.041) and older age (<i>p</i> = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frailty worsened the score on the PHQ-9 depression scale in patients who required hospital admission for SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is important to implement prevention measures both for frailty and depression in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of Loneliness and Social Isolation among Older Adults during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Comprehensive Assessment from a National United States Sample.","authors":"Miguel G Pica, Jason R Grullon, Roger Wong","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040096","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the correlates of loneliness and social isolation among older adults in the United States (U.S.) during the COVID-19 outbreak. We analyzed data from the 2020 National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative sample of 3257 U.S. older adults aged 65 years and older. We analyzed and identified the sociodemographic, health, social support, and community correlates of loneliness, higher loneliness during versus before the COVID-19 outbreak, and social isolation using weighted multiple logistic regression models. About 35.2% of U.S. older adults reported loneliness during the COVID-19 outbreak, 21.9% reported higher loneliness compared to before the COVID-19 outbreak, and 32.8% were socially isolated during the outbreak. Correlates for increased odds of loneliness included female gender, higher education, physical activity, depression, anxiety, functional limitations, and virtual communication access (only for higher loneliness during COVID-19 outbreak). Correlates for increased odds of social isolation included higher age, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, higher number of household children, and metropolitan residence. Our findings provide insights into evidence-based approaches to address social disconnection among U.S. older adults. The wide range of sociodemographic, health, social support, and community correlates identified in this study warrants multifaceted interventions that traverse individual, community, and societal levels to address the loneliness and social isolation epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait Assessment Using Smartphone Applications in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Lorenzo Brognara","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040095","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spatiotemporal parameters such as gait velocity and stride length are simple indicators of functional status and can be used to predict major adverse outcomes in older adults. A smartphone can be used for gait analysis by providing spatiotemporal parameters useful for improving the diagnosis and rehabilitation processes in frail people. The aim of this study was to review articles published in the last 20 years (from 2004 to 2024) concerning the application of smartphones to assess the spatiotemporal parameters of gait in older adults. This systematic review was performed in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and original articles were identified by searching seven electronic databases: SciVerse (ScienceDirect), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Medline, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Studies were rigorously screened using the inclusion criteria of smartphones and mobile apps, older adults and spatiotemporal gait parameters, and results were narratively synthesized. Seventy-three articles were initially identified while searching the scientific literature regarding this topic. Eleven articles were selected and included in this review. Analysis of these studies covered information about gait assessment using mobile apps recorded in 723 older adults and 164 control cases. Analysis of data related to the application of smartphones to assess spatiotemporal parameters of gait in older adults showed moderate-to-excellent test-retest reliability and validity (ICCs around 0.9) of gait speed, the most common parameter reported. Additionally, gait speeds recorded with mobile apps showed excellent agreement when compared to gold standard systems. Smartphones and mobile apps are useful, non-invasive, low-cost and objective tools that are being extensively used to perform gait analysis in older adults. Smartphones and mobile apps can reliably identify spatiotemporal parameters related to adverse outcomes, such as a slow gait speed, as predictors and outcomes in clinical practice and research involving older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Acute Dysphagia as a Probable Rare Presentation of Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Complete Recovery: A Case Report.","authors":"Soo Ho Lee, Ji Yoon Jung, Mi-Jeong Yoon, Joon-Sung Kim, Bo Young Hong, Sun Im, Yeun Jie Yoo","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040090","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia is prevalent among the elderly and can lead to serious complications, often manifesting as a clinical symptom of various neurological or muscular pathologies, including Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). GBS is an acute immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy, and dysphagia may arise during its course due to cranial nerve involvement. In rare GBS variants, dysphagia may present as the initial or sole clinical manifestation, posing diagnostic challenges. In this study, we present the case of an elderly female patient with dysphagia, eventually diagnosed with an atypical variant of GBS. Initially, the patient required nasogastric tube feeding; however, complete recovery was achieved through immunotherapy. This case underscores the importance of clinicians conducting thorough evaluations of factors influencing the swallowing mechanism and remaining vigilant about identifying uncommon causative factors. Such approaches enable the implementation of effective disease-modifying therapies, potentially leading to the resolution of dysphagic symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Performance, Body Composition, and Oral Health in Community-Residing Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Maria Esther Irigoyen-Camacho, Maria Consuelo Velazquez-Alva, Marco Antonio Zepeda-Zepeda, Irina Lazarevich, Antonio Castano-Seiquer, Javier Flores-Fraile","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040089","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physical activity is essential for healthy aging. This study aimed to identify an association between physical performance, body fat percentage (%BF), and the perception of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in independent older adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A group of active older adults was selected from a government-sponsored reunion center in Mexico City. OHRQoL was assessed using the General Oral Health Index (GOHAI), and nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool. A short physical performance battery (SPPB) was applied, and, for body composition, DXA (dual X-ray absorptiometry) was conducted. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models, and marginal probabilities were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study involved 366 participants; their mean age was 73.9 (±6.2) years, and 24.9% had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OHRQoL information revealed that pain or discomfort in the oral cavity was perceived by 63.9% of the older adults during the previous three months. The SPPB score was low in 159 (43.44%) participants. The logistic regression model revealed that age (OR = 1.13, <i>p</i> < 0.001), T2DM (OR = 2.10, <i>p</i> = 0.009), the risk of malnutrition/malnutrition (OR = 1.76, <i>p</i> = 0.047), high %BF (OR = 1.09, <0.001), and poor OHRQoL (OR = 1.96, <i>p</i> = 0.009) were associated with deteriorated physical performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OHRQoL self-perception, excess body fat, and nutritional status impacted physical performance. Aging well requires a comprehensive approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can We Steer Nursing Home Residents Away from Loneliness? A Qualitative Study of Cycling without Age.","authors":"Sara Kruse Lange, Maiken Hauge Stig, Martin Eghøj, Christina Bjørk Petersen","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics9040088","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics9040088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Loneliness among nursing home residents is an increasing public health issue and consists of a combination of social, emotional, and existential loneliness. Cycling Without Age (CWA) involves taking nursing home residents on trishaw rides pedaled by trained volunteer 'pilots'. This study aims to explore nursing home residents' lived experiences of CWA and whether participation in CWA can mitigate experiences of loneliness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative phenomenological design was used. We conducted three observations and eight interviews: semi-structured interviews (n = 5) and informal interviews (n = 3) with passengers in CWA. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were developed: 1. creating meaningful communities (related to the social mechanism connected to participating in CWA), 2. breaking the monotony of everyday life (related to how the passengers experience CWA as a meaningful activity), and 3. reconnecting to oneself (related to the meaningful experience the passengers have when they are connected to their local communities and reminiscence).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taking part in CWA may mitigate loneliness, as passengers perceive it as being meaningful. These results strengthen the notion that participating in meaningful activities hold the potential to mitigate feelings of loneliness among nursing home residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}