Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Age on the Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Yuliia Moskalenko, Oleksandr Yazykov, Olena Vasylieva, Kateryna Smiian, Tetiana Ivakhniuk, Hanna Budko, Roman Moskalenko","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10040085","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10040085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global aging population has led to a growing incidence of malignancies, including metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). Immunosenescence may affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The prognostic role of age in ICI-treated mNSCLC remains uncertain. <b>Objectives</b>: This study aims to assess whether age independently influences survival, response, and toxicity in mNSCLC patients treated with ICIs, and to examine potential interactions with clinical factors. <b>Methods</b>: In this retrospective cohort study, 105 patients with mNSCLC treated with ICIs were enrolled. Patients were stratified into four groups based on age quartiles. Clinical, pathological, and treatment data were collected. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, ROC curve and multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for confounders. Interaction and restricted cubic spline analyses were performed to explore age-related effects. The <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. <b>Results</b>: The median age was 60.8 years. Clinical benefit-defined as objective response rate (51.4%) and disease control rate (86.6%)-did not significantly differ across age quartiles (<i>p</i> = 0.551 and <i>p</i> = 0.257, respectively). Median overall survival also did not differ significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.2853). Cox regression and spline modeling demonstrated no independent association between chronological age and all-cause mortality (Model 3: HR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.95-1.04, <i>p</i> = 0.889). However, interaction analyses revealed that poor ECOG performance status (<i>p</i> = 0.001), longer duration of ICI treatment (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and low PD-L1 expression (<i>p</i> = 0.017) were stronger predictors of mortality in older patients. Age was associated with increased immune-related adverse events and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores, suggesting the need for age-specific management strategies. <b>Conclusions</b>: Age alone does not predict survival in mNSCLC patients receiving ICIs. However, functional status, treatment duration and PD-L1 expression may modify age-related outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Longitudinal Relationship Between Allostatic Load and Multimorbidity Among Older Americans.","authors":"Rolla Mira, Jonathon Timothy Newton, Wael Sabbah","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10040084","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10040084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> To examine the association between allostatic load and the progression of multimorbidity and the role of socioeconomic factors among older Americans. <b>Methods:</b> Data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a longitudinal study of older American adults, were used. Data were included from waves 8 (2006), 10 (2010), 11 (2012), and 13 (2016). Self-reported diagnoses of five chronic conditions (diabetes, heart disease, lung diseases, cancer, and stroke) indicated multimorbidity and were dichotomised to reflect having two or more conditions versus one or fewer. Multimorbidity in 2006 was subtracted from that in 2016 to calculate ten-year change in multimorbidity. Sociodemographic data (age, gender, education, and wealth) were from wave 8 (2006). Behaviours (physical activity and smoking) were from wave 10 (2010). Allostatic load, indicated by five biomarkers (waist circumference, high blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein, and c-reactive protein), was from wave 11 (2012). Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to assess the longitudinal association between the aforementioned factors and the incidence of multimorbidity in 2016. Results: Given that allostatic load was assessed in a subsample of HRS, 8222 were excluded for lack of relevant data. A total of 3336 participants were included in the final analysis. The incidence of multimorbidity in 2016 was 19%. Allostatic load in 2012 was significantly associated with the incidence of multimorbidity in 2016 (estimate 0.10, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.07, 0.14); in other words, for an additional marker of allostatic load, there was an average 0.1 change in the incidence of multimorbidity. Wealth and education (2006) were indirectly associated with multimorbidity through allostatic load and behaviours. Smoking (2010) was positively associated with multimorbidity in 2016, while physical activity showed a negative association. <b>Conclusions:</b> Biological markers of stress indicated by allostatic load were associated with multimorbidity. Adverse socioeconomic conditions appear to induce allostatic load and risk behaviours, which impact the progression of multimorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological and Sociodemographic Variables Associated with Increased Anxiety and Anxiety Symptoms in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Jesús Enrique Sotelo-Ojeda, Christian Oswaldo Acosta-Quiroz, Raquel García-Flores, Ana Luisa Mónica González-Celis Rangel, Erick Alberto Medina-Jiménez","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10040083","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10040083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> There is a high prevalence of anxiety and anxiety symptoms in older adults, which can have cognitive, emotional, and physical repercussions on older adults. It is important to understand the risk factors from psychological variables and sociodemographic variables that may be influencing anxiety symptoms to generate more effective interventions based on modifiable variables. In this context, the objective of this review was to identify psychological and sociodemographic variables as risk factors for anxiety and anxiety symptoms in older adults. <b>Methods:</b> The Scoping review followed the guidelines of the (PRISMA-ScR 2018). Five databases were used to reduce bias and identify relevant evidence: Medline via Ovid, PUBMED, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. <b>Results:</b> A total of 2150 articles were identified across the five databases; 16 articles were included for data synthesis and methodological quality assessment. <b>Conclusions:</b> The variables that maintain the strongest association as both risk and protective factors are age, female sex, physical activity, physical health or medical conditions, depression, perceived and family support, and social and family participation. However, methodological limitations-including inconsistent definitions, diverse and often inadequate measurement tools, and lack of causal inference-restrict the generalizability of findings. These results underscore the need for validated age-appropriate instruments and more rigorous research designs in geriatric anxiety studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Frailty, Fitness, and Psychophysical/Social Condition of Community-Dwelling Older Adults-Analysis of 5-Year Longitudinal Data.","authors":"Emi Yamagata, Yuya Watanabe, Miwa Mitsuhashi, Hidemi Hashimoto, Yuriko Sugihara, Naoko Murata, Mitsuyo Komatsu, Naoyuki Ebine, Misaka Kimura","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10030082","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10030082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Frailty is a multifactorial condition influenced by physical and psychosocial factors. Understanding longitudinal changes in these domains may guide prevention strategies. This study examines the relationship between frailty status, physical fitness, and psychosocial conditions in community-dwelling older adults using five-year longitudinal data. <b>Methods:</b> Participants were 52 out of 89 older adults who completed both baseline and five-year follow-up assessments (follow-up rate: 58.4%). Data were collected using 10 physical fitness indicators, the fitness age score (FAS), geriatric depression scale (GDS), Lubben social network scale short form (LSNS-6), and relevant items in the six Kihon Checklist (KCL) domains. Due to low prevalence of frailty, individuals with pre-frailty and frailty were combined into the frailty-risk group. Repeated measures ANOVA with sex as a covariate was conducted to compare groups. Logistic regression was used to identify baseline predictors of frailty status at five years. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. <b>Results:</b> GDS, LSNS-6, and KCL scores remained stable over five years. However, physical fitness significantly declined in several measures, including grip strength, vertical jump height, knee extension strength, functional reach, and FAS. A significant interaction for the timed up and go test showed that the robust group maintained function, while the frailty-risk group declined. Logistic regression identified KCL oral function as a significant predictor (OR = 5.331, 95% CI = 1.593-17.839, <i>p</i> = 0.007). <b>Conclusions:</b> Maintaining both oral function and physical fitness is vital for preventing frailty, even among health-conscious older adults. Proactive strategies may support healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored Care for Dementia Patients with Cerebrovascular Pathology.","authors":"Sara A J van de Schraaf, Majon Muller","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10030081","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10030081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the growing incidence of dementia among patients, optimal care for patients and caregivers is becoming crucial [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Physical Activity Level and the Long-Term Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Two Swedish Cohorts.","authors":"Per Wändell, Malin Enarsson, Tobias Feldreich, Lars Lind, Johan Ärnlöv, Axel Carl Carlsson","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10030080","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10030080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Associations between high physical activity (PA) levels and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) is found in some earlier studies. We aim to study the association between levels of PA and AF in two cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) study, initiated in 1970, included men aged 50 years, with 2202 included in the study. Examinations were reiterated three times, with follow-up after in median 33 years, with 3.8-6.0% on the highest PA level. We also used data from the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS; with women 50%); mean age 70 years, baseline 2001-2004, median follow-up 15 years, with 961 included in the study, with 4.8% on the highest PA level. Cox regression analysis with hazard ratios (HRs) was used to study association between PA levels and incident AF, adjusted for CV risk factors: systolic blood pressure, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, BMI, diabetes, and smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally, in ULSAM 504 men during 59,958 person-years at risk, and in PIVUS 204 individuals during a follow-up of 11,293 person-years experienced an AF. Neither in ULSAM, PIVUS, nor in the meta-analysis of both cohorts, individuals with the highest PA level showed an increased AF risk, compared to individuals with lowest level of PA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The benefits of PA in community dwelling individuals for its benefits to mental, metabolic, and cardiovascular health should guide public recommendations, rather than a possible risk of AF.</p><p><strong>Lay summary: </strong>We studied the risk of incident atrial fibrillation at various levels of physical activity in two cohorts and found no statistically significant increased risk after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors (systolic blood pressure, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, BMI, diabetes, and smoking).</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Behaviours in Dementia Toolkit: A Descriptive Study on the Reach and Early Impact of a Digital Health Resource Library About Dementia-Related Mood and Behaviour Changes.","authors":"Lauren Albrecht, Nick Ubels, Brenda Martinussen, Gary Naglie, Mark Rapoport, Stacey Hatch, Dallas Seitz, Claire Checkland, David Conn","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10030079","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10030079","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Dementia is a syndrome with a high global prevalence that includes a number of progressive diseases of the brain affecting various cognitive domains such as memory and thinking and the performance of daily activities. It manifests as symptoms which often include significant mood and behaviour changes that are highly varied. Changed moods and behaviours due to dementia may reflect distress and may be stressful for both the person living with dementia and their informal and formal carers. To provide dementia care support specific to mood and behaviour changes, the Behaviours in Dementia Toolkit website (BiDT) was developed using human-centred design principles. The BiDT houses a user-friendly, digital library of over 300 free, practical, and evidence-informed resources to help all care partners better understand and compassionately respond to behaviours in dementia so they can support people with dementia to live well. &lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; (1) To characterize the users that visited the BiDT; and (2) to understand the platform's early impact on these users. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A multi-method, descriptive study was conducted in the early post-website launch period. Outcomes and measures examined included the following: (1) reach: unique visitors, region, unique visits, return visits, bounce rate; (2) engagement: engaged users, engaged sessions, session duration, pages viewed, engagement rate per webpage, search terms, resources accessed; (3) knowledge change; (4) behaviour change; and (5) website impact: relevance, feasibility, intention to use, improving access and use of dementia guidance, recommend to others. Data was collected using Google Analytics and an electronic survey of website users. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; From 4 February to 31 March 2024, there were 76,890 unique visitors to the BiDT from 109 countries. Of 76,890 unique visitors to the BiDT during this period, 16,626 were engaged users as defined by Google Analytics (22%) from 80 countries. The highest number of unique engaged users were from Canada (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 8124) with an engagement rate of 38%. From 5 March 2024 to 31 March 2024, 100 electronic surveys were completed by website users and included in the analysis. Website users indicated that the BiDT validated or increased their dementia care knowledge, beliefs, and activities (82%) and they reported that the website validated their current care approaches or increased their ability to provide care (78%). Further, 77% of respondents indicated that they intend to continue using the BiDT and 81.6% said that they would recommend it to others to review and adopt. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The BiDT is a promising tool for sharing practical and evidence-informed information resources to support people experiencing dementia-related mood and behaviour changes. Early evaluation of the website has demonstrated significant reach and engagement with users in Canada and internationally. Survey data also demonstrated high ratings of website r","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Muscle Quality Assessed by the 5-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test and Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Koji Takimoto, Hideaki Takebayashi, Hiroshi Kondo, Koji Ikeda","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10030078","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10030078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Falls in older adults are a major barrier to healthy longevity. Recent studies suggest that muscle quality is associated with fall risk. This study aimed to determine whether a functional muscle quality index (MQI) using the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test (5R-STS) reflects fall risk in community-dwelling older adults. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study included 137 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) in Japan. Lower limb skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was measured using the BIA method, and muscle function was assessed using the 5R-STS. The MQI was calculated as \"(5R-STS (s)/SMM (kg)) × 10\". Fall history was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, and binary logistic regression analysis including gait speed and physical frailty was performed. <b>Results:</b> Participants were divided into fallers (n = 36; age = 78.2 ± 5.6) and non-fallers (n = 101; age = 76.9 ± 5.3). Significant differences were found between the groups in gait speed (<i>p</i> = 0.01), TUG (<i>p</i> < 0.01), 5R-STS (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and MQI (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Binary logistic regression identified MQI (OR = 1.28; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and gait speed (OR = 0.14; <i>p</i> = 0.02) as explanatory variables for fall history. The results of the evaluation using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the cutoff value for MQI to distinguish fall history was 8.04 s/kg, and the cutoff value for gait speed was 1.21 s. <b>Conclusions:</b> The MQI using the 5R-STS shows promise as an indicator of fall risk in older adults. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging Attitudes Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Disabilities: Gender Differences and Predictors.","authors":"Muna Bhattarai, Gloria K Lee, Hung Jen Kuo","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10030077","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10030077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Research suggests that attitudes toward aging significantly impact health and well-being outcomes in older adults and are influenced by various factors. Our study aims to identify gender differences in attitudes toward aging among aging individuals with disabilities while also examining the influence of demographic and psychological factors on these attitudes. <b>Methods:</b> For this cross-sectional study, we collected data from 393 middle-aged and older adults with disabilities via an online Qualtrics survey administered through the Prolific platform in the United States. Participants completed the Attitudes Towards Aging Questionnaire Short Form, Purpose in Life Test Short Form, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Acceptance of Chronic Health Conditions Scale, and Three-Item Loneliness Scale. Descriptive and correlation analyses, <i>t</i>-tests, and multiple regression analyses were performed. <b>Results:</b> The independent <i>t</i>-test findings reveal significant differences in physical change and psychological growth between men and women, with men scoring higher in physical change and women in psychological growth. In multiple regression analyses, purpose in life significantly predicted all three domains of attitudes toward aging in men, while both purpose in life and acceptance were predictors across all domains in women. Additionally, age, employment, and financial stability contributed to aging attitudes only among women. <b>Conclusions:</b> Attitudes toward aging, specifically physical change and psychological growth, were found to vary by gender, with purpose in life, acceptance, and loneliness influencing these attitudes among both groups, while certain demographic factors influenced aging attitudes only among women. These findings underscore the need for gender-specific interventions addressing these substantial factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome Indicators Within Reference Ranges and Sarcopenia in Older Women-A 4-Year Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Tadayuki Iida, Reina Taguchi, Ruriko Miyashita, Satomi Aoi, Hiromi Ikeda, Nichika Higa, Keiko Kanagawa, Yoko Okuyama, Yasuhiro Ito","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10030076","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10030076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Frailty is a state of increased vulnerability to psychosomatic dysfunction associated with aging, with sarcopenia being a major contributing factor. Metabolic-syndrome-related metabolic diseases are recognized as risk factors for sarcopenia. While previous studies have examined the relationship between metabolic disease history or elevated metabolic syndrome indicators and sarcopenia, limited evidence exists regarding the association between metabolic indicators within reference ranges and sarcopenia in the absence of metabolic disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome indicators within reference ranges and the presence or absence of possible sarcopenia, as well as changes in these indicators over a four-year period, in women aged ≥65 years. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 224 community-dwelling women aged ≥65 years from M City and O Town who participated in health check-ups were included (approval no. 20MH017, 1 October 2020). Data were collected on height, body weight, and metabolic indicators (triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and HbA1c) at baseline and after four years. Physical performance was assessed using calf circumference, grip strength, and the five-time sit-to-stand test. Possible sarcopenia was defined according to AWGS2019 criteria. <b>Results</b>: Higher baseline HDL cholesterol levels were found to be protective against possible sarcopenia. An increase in triglyceride levels over four years was also associated with a reduced likelihood of possible sarcopenia. <b>Conclusions</b>: Maintaining high HDL cholesterol levels and increasing or preserving triglyceride levels may contribute to the prevention of sarcopenia in older women with metabolic indicators within reference ranges.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}