Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Rhinitis in the Geriatric Population: Epidemiological and Cytological Aspects.","authors":"Matteo Gelardi, Rossana Giancaspro, Elisa Boni, Mario Di Gioacchino, Giulia Cintoli, Michele Cassano, Maria Teresa Ventura","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020050","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR), traditionally considered as a childhood condition, is increasingly recognized among older adults, driven by rising life expectancy and environmental factors. Although allergic sensitization declines with age, AR prevalence in the elderly is underestimated, with 3-12% of geriatric patients affected. Diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and overlapping conditions, leading to underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment. AR significantly impacts the quality of life (QoL), often exacerbating respiratory comorbidities like asthma and COPD. Presbynasalis, encompassing age-related sinonasal changes, includes reduced allergic responses, increased chronic rhinosinusitis, altered nasal structure, and impaired mucociliary clearance. Non-allergic rhinitis, atrophic rhinitis, and overlapping rhinitis further complicate AR diagnosis in the elderly. Effective management involves personalized pharmacotherapy, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), and addressing comorbidities and polypharmacy risks. Despite safety concerns, recent studies demonstrate AIT efficacy in elderly patients, reducing symptoms and medication use. Given AR's impact on cognitive and respiratory health, accurate diagnosis and treatment can enhance QoL and mitigate health decline. Greater awareness and further research are essential to understand AR prevalence and improve outcomes for geriatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Convolutional Neural Network-Based Posture Identification Model of Older Adults: From Silhouette of Sagittal Photographs.","authors":"Naoki Sugiyama, Yoshihiro Kai, Hitoshi Koda, Toru Morihara, Noriyuki Kida","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020049","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Posture is a significant indicator of health status in older adults. This study aimed to develop an automatic posture assessment tool based on sagittal photographs by validating recognition models using convolutional neural networks. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 9140 images were collected with data augmentation, and each image was labeled as either Ideal or Non-Ideal posture by physical therapists. The hidden and output layers of the models remained unchanged, while the loss function and optimizer were varied to construct four different model configurations: mean squared error and Adam (MSE & Adam), mean squared error and stochastic gradient descent (MSE & SGD), binary cross-entropy and Adam (BCE & Adam), and binary cross-entropy and stochastic gradient descent (BCE & SGD). <b>Results</b>: All four models demonstrated an improved accuracy in both the training and validation phases. However, the two BCE models exhibited divergence in validation loss, suggesting overfitting. Conversely, the two MSE models showed stability during learning. Therefore, we focused on the MSE models and evaluated their reliability using sensitivity, specificity, and Prevalence-Adjusted Bias-Adjusted Kappa (PABAK) based on the model's output and correct label. Sensitivity and specificity were 85% and 84% for MSE & Adam and 67% and 77% for MSE & SGD, respectively. Moreover, PABAK values for agreement with the correct label were 0.69 and 0.43 for MSE & Adam and MSE & SGD, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings indicate that the MSE & Adam model, in particular, can serve as a useful tool for screening inspections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Geriatric Health Assessment Core Competencies and Skills for Primary Care Nurses: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Ioanna Dimitriadou, Eloranta Sini, Jekaterina Šteinmiller, Maria Saridi, Anna Lundberg, Magdalena Häger, Ingibjorg Hjaltadottir, Sigrun S Skuladottir, Nina Korsström, Susanna Mört, Hannele Tuori, Evangelos C Fradelos","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020048","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This scoping review aims to explore and synthesize the core competencies and skills required for primary care nurses conducting comprehensive geriatric assessments. Comprehensive geriatric assessments have become integral to providing holistic, patient-centered care for older adults with complex health needs, but the specific competencies required in primary care remain underresearched. <b>Design:</b> The review followed Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage scoping review framework, incorporating studies from PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. A comprehensive search was conducted from May 2014 to May 2024, and a population-concept-context (PCC) framework was used to identify relevant studies. <b>Results:</b> Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria, revealing six key competency domains for nurses involved in comprehensive geriatric assessments: Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Competencies, Care Planning and Coordination, Professional and Interpersonal Competencies, Environmental and Systemic Competencies, Technical and Procedural Competencies, and Quality Improvement and Evidence-Based Practice. These competencies are essential for providing high-quality care to older adults and supporting integrated, multidisciplinary approaches to geriatric care. <b>Conclusions:</b> The identified competency domains provide a structured framework that can enhance primary care nurses' ability to deliver more effective, individualized, and coordinated care to older adults. However, the standardization of these competencies remains crucial for ensuring consistency in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of an Interprofessional Collaboration Between Physicians and Pharmacists on Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs in Older Patients with Trauma in the Emergency Department.","authors":"Benjamin J Hellinger, André Gries, Thilo Bertsche, Yvonne Remane","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020046","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: In older patients, falls constitute a significant public health concern and a major cause of hospital admission. Fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) represent a key risk factor for falls. Therefore, modifying these drugs represents an important strategy for preventing recurrent falls and further patient harm. The objective of this study was to evaluate a structured interprofessional collaboration between physicians and pharmacists on managing FRIDs in older patients who present to the emergency department (ED) after a fall. <b>Methods</b>: This study was performed in the ED of a tertiary care hospital. Patients who were >65 years old and presented to the ED after a fall were included. A routine care group was included between 1 March 2020 and 31 May 2020. A pharmaceutical care group was included between 1 September 2023 and 30 November 2023. In the pharmaceutical care group, a clinical pharmacist supported the physicians in identifying and managing FRIDs. Possible solutions for improving FRID prescription were discussed interprofessionally. The number of FRIDs at ED admission and discharge, as well as the number of FRID modifications, were evaluated. <b>Results</b>: A total of 107 patients were enrolled in each group. There were 85 patients in the routine care group and 89 patients in the pharmaceutical care group, with at least 1 FRID prescribed at ED admission (<i>p</i> = 0.483). At ED discharge, there were 85 patients in the routine care group and 68 patients in the pharmaceutical care group, with at least 1 FRID prescribed at (<i>p</i> = 0.010). There were seven FRID modifications in the routine care group compared to 125 FRID modifications in the pharmaceutical care group. <b>Conclusions</b>: In this study, the interprofessional collaboration between physicians and pharmacists led to a reduced number of FRIDs being prescribed and more FRID modifications in older patients at ED discharge. Further research is required to ascertain the feasibility of integrating this single intervention into a multifactorial fall prevention program.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a Mandarin Chinese Version of the Oral Frailty Index-8 and Exploration of the Association Between Oral Frailty and Sarcopenia.","authors":"Chen-Cheng Yang, Hsiang-Tai Chen, Katsuya Iijima, Tomoki Tanaka, Chia-Yen Dai, Sang-Ju Yu, Hung-Yi Chuang","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020047","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The aim of our study was to introduce a Mandarin Chinese version of the oral frailty assessment and explore the relationship between oral frailty and sarcopenia. A total of 409 elders (171 male, 238 female) participated in surveys using the Mandarin Chinese version of the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. <b>Method:</b> The translation of the Mandarin Chinese version of OFI-8 adhered to the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) reporting guidelines. The eight-item questionnaire assessed tooth status, oral function, and other subjective measures. Additionally, sarcopenia was evaluated using the SARC-F questionnaire. <b>Result:</b> Among the participants, 195 participants were classified as non-oral frailty and 214 participants were oral frailty. Significant differences were observed in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), education level, and scores on the SARC-F questionnaire between the non-oral frailty and oral frailty populations. In logistic regression model, oral frailty showed a significant and positive association with the SARC-F score (adjusted odds ratio 2.130, 95% confidence interval 1.580-2.872, <i>p</i>-value < 0.001), even after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and education level. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study has developed a valuable Mandarin Chinese version of the oral frailty screening questionnaire, the OFI-8. Oral frailty is significantly and positively associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia, particularly among the elderly, males, and those with lower education levels. This measure proves to be practical for assessing oral health status in the Chinese community, promoting oral frailty research within the Mandarin Chinese population, and addressing the challenges associated with defining oral frailty in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Poor Diet Quality and Associated Factors Among Older Adults from the Bagé Cohort Study of Ageing, Brazil (SIGa-Bagé).","authors":"Tainã Dutra Valério, Rosália Garcia Neves, Elaine Thumé, Karla Pereira Machado, Elaine Tomasi","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020044","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: The accelerated aging of the population raises concerns about the diet of older adults due to its relationship with health and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of poor diet quality and its association with sociodemographic factors and health status among older adults residing in the city of Bagé, located in southern Brazil; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2016/2017 follow-up of the Bagé Aging Cohort Study (SIGa-Bagé). Diet quality was assessed using the Elderly Diet Quality Index. Descriptive analysis and Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment, based on hierarchical levels, were used to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals; (3) Results: The sample included 728 older adults (65.7% female; mean age: 77.2 years). Poor diet quality was observed in 41.5% of participants. After adjustment, male sex, black or brown skin color, absence of multimorbidity, and presence of depressive symptoms were significantly associated with poor diet quality; (4) Conclusions: The findings highlight the most vulnerable groups and the need for investments in strategies to promote mental health and healthy eating habits among the older adults, particularly among men and racial minority groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging-Related Changes in Bimanual Coordination as a Screening Tool for Healthy Aging.","authors":"Yusuke Shizuka, Shin Murata, Akio Goda, Shun Sawai, Shoya Fujikawa, Ryosuke Yamamoto, Takayuki Maru, Kotaro Nakagawa, Hideki Nakano","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020045","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The steady increase in the global older adult population highlights critical challenges, including the development of preventive strategies to extend healthy life expectancy and support independence in activities of daily living. Although there is an aging-related reduction in manual dexterity, the difference in bimanual coordination performance between young and older adults remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the characteristics of bimanual coordination among young, young-old, and old-old adult participants. <b>Methods:</b> The participants performed in-phase (tapping the thumb and index finger together as fast as possible) and anti-phase (alternating movement between the left and right fingers) bimanual coordination tasks, and intergroup comparison of the task parameters was performed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was also conducted to calculate age cut-off points for bimanual coordination. <b>Results:</b> The number and frequency of taps significantly decreased sequentially in young, young-old, and old-old adults, whereas the average of tap interval significantly increased in this order (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the young-old and old-old groups in the average local maximum distance (<i>p</i> > 0.05). These findings indicate that bimanual coordination task performance varies depending on specific parameters. Furthermore, the age cut-off points for bimanual coordination were determined as 68.5 years for the right-hand number of taps (AUC = 0.73) in the anti-phase task, 73.5 years for the right-hand average of tapping interval (AUC = 0.72) in the anti-phase task, and 65.5 years for the left-hand frequency of taps (AUC = 0.72) of the anti-phase task. <b>Conclusions:</b> the number of taps, average of tapping interval, and frequency of taps are potential indicators of aging-related changes in bimanual coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia in Elderly Patients: Contribution of Renal Aging and Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Simone Santos, Irina Lousa, Márcia Carvalho, Maria Sameiro-Faria, Alice Santos-Silva, Luís Belo","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020043","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renal aging is a physiological process characterized by structural and functional changes in the kidneys. The presence of disorders or pathologies can exacerbate these age-related changes, potentially leading to organ dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a significant global public health issue, is particularly prevalent in the elderly and is often associated with the age-related decline in kidney function. Anemia is one of the most frequent complications of CKD and is also highly prevalent in the elderly. Mild anemia, often multifactorial, is the most common presentation. Understanding the mechanisms driving anemia in this population is crucial to ensure appropriate treatment. The primary etiologies include nutritional deficiency, anemia of unknown cause, and anemia of chronic diseases, including CKD. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the complex pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anemia in elderly patients with CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Performance Among Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Ramón López-Higes, Susana Rubio-Valdehita, David López-Sanz, Sara M Fernandes, Pedro F S Rodrigues, María Luisa Delgado-Losada","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020039","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The main objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate if there are significant differences in cognition between a group of older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and cognitively intact controls. <b>Methods:</b> An initial sample of 132 older people underwent an extensive neuropsychological evaluation (memory, executive functions, and language) and were classified according to diagnostic criteria. Two groups of 33 subjects each, controls and SCD, were formed using an a priori case-matching procedures in different variables: age, biological sex, years of education, cognitive reserve, and Mini-Mental State Exam. <b>Results:</b> The mean age and standard deviation in the control group were equal to 70.39 ± 4.31 years, while in the SCD group, they were 70.30 ± 4.33 years. The number of males (<i>n</i> = 9) and females (<i>n</i> = 24) was equal in both groups; the means of years of education were also quite similar. SCD participants have a significantly lower mood than the controls. Significant differences between groups were obtained in delayed recall, inhibitory control, and comprehension of sentences not fitted to canonical word order in Spanish. A logistic regression revealed that a lower score on the Stroop's interference condition is associated with a higher likelihood of having SCD. Finally, ROC analysis provided a model that performs better than random chance, and a cut-off score in Stroop's interference condition equal to 49 was suggested for clinically differentiating the two groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study highlights that, compared to a matched control group, participants with SCD showed subtle but significant neuropsychological differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Weakness and Recurrent Falls in an Older Patient.","authors":"Mercedes Galloway, Nannette Hoffman, Christopher Lawrence Bray, Ahmed Ebrahim, Brittany Puebla, David Ritchie","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020041","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Lower-extremity weakness in older adults is often overlooked, yet it can have reversible or medical causes that contribute to increased falls. Common factors include vision disturbances, impaired balance due to otolith dysfunction, arthritis-related immobility, and lower-extremity neuropathy. This case presents a unique diagnostic challenge in evaluating bilateral lower-extremity weakness and recurrent falls in an older adult, highlighting the complexity of diagnosing conditions with overlapping symptoms. <b>Case Presentation:</b> The patient, a woman with a history of a neuroendocrine tumor, experienced progressive weakness in her lower extremities, along with oculomotor and facial muscle involvement, despite extensive testing. Key clinical findings included elevated protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting the possibility of an infectious or autoimmune process. A thorough investigation was conducted, including testing for both common and rare conditions such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, Lyme disease, and tuberculosis. <b>Results:</b> Despite comprehensive diagnostic efforts, no clear etiology was identified. The patient's condition was eventually considered to be related to carcinomatosis meningoencephalitis, a rare complication from a previous cancer diagnosis. Given the progressive nature of her symptoms and lack of treatment options, she was transitioned to palliative care. <b>Conclusions:</b> This case highlights the importance of a comprehensive differential diagnosis in older patients with unexplained weakness and falls. Rare neurological conditions should not be overlooked, even when more common causes are suspected. Clinicians should remain aware that falls and weakness in older adults may stem from various pathologies, some of which are reversible if identified early, and rare causes must always be considered when standard treatments fail.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}