Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Culturally Tailored Community Brain Health Education for Chinese Americans Aged 50 or Above: A Mixed-Methods Open Pilot Study.","authors":"Kaipeng Wang, Fei Sun, Peiyuan Zhang, Carson M De Fries, Xiaoyouxiang Li, Jie Zhu, My Ngoc To","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Chinese Americans, the largest Asian American subgroup in the U.S., face linguistic, cultural, and socio-economic barriers to dementia prevention. To promote brain health in this population, a culturally tailored community approach is essential. This study evaluates a culturally tailored community brain health education program to enhance brain health knowledge and motivate lifestyle changes to prevent the risk of dementia among Chinese Americans aged 50 or older. <b>Methods:</b> The program was developed and evaluated in four phases. First, we assessed participants' interests in brain health topics, availability, and preferred delivery modes. Next, experts on the identified topics developed educational content and outcome assessments. The third phase focused on implementing a six-session program covering general knowledge about Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, diet, sleep, physical exercise, health checks, and mindfulness. Finally, we evaluated the program's feasibility and effectiveness using pre-post surveys, feedback questionnaires, and focus groups. <b>Results:</b> Seventy-seven participants registered for the program, and sixty-nine (90%) attended at least four sessions. The quantitative results, based on paired <i>t</i>-tests, showed significant increases in brain health knowledge, sleep quality, and behavioral motivation for lifestyle changes, and a decrease in depressive symptoms, with two-tailed <i>p</i>-values lower than 0.05. The qualitative results further revealed promising feasibility and acceptability, as well as the perceived benefits of the program. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings highlight the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of a culturally tailored community education approach for promoting brain health and lifestyle changes. Sustained community outreach and education efforts among Chinese Americans are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Frailty on Pharmacotherapy Adherence and Adverse Drug Reactions in Older Psychiatric Patients.","authors":"Tuan Anh Phan, Rob Kok","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim/Objectives</b>: To investigate whether frailty predicts adherence to psychotropic drug treatment or adverse drug reactions, within 6 months after treatment initiation. <b>Methods</b>: A prospective cohort study including 77 patients over the age of 65, treated in one large psychiatric institute in the Netherlands. Patients were assessed at baseline for their frailty status, using different operationalizations of the Fried frailty criteria. Data on duration of psychotropic drug treatment and number of reported adverse drug reactions were retrieved from electronic patient files. Regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, patient setting, and polypharmacy as potential confounders. <b>Results</b>: Frail patients were not significantly more likely to discontinue psychotropic treatment than non-frail patients (OR = 1.4; 95% CI 0.6-3.7, <i>p</i> = 0.468). Time to treatment discontinuation was also not statistically different between both study groups (HR = 0.8; 95% CI 0.4-1.6, <i>p</i> = 0.498), and neither was the number of adverse drug reactions (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 0.6-4.1, <i>p</i> = 0.345). <b>Conclusions</b>: We could not demonstrate a statistically significant effect of frailty as predictor of discontinuing psychotropic treatment or adverse drug reactions, but a lack of power may also explain our results. A more comprehensive frailty assessment may be needed to predict treatment adherence or adverse drug reactions in psychiatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Rehabilitation Intervention for Cancer Patients with Spinal Bone Metastasis: Psychosocial and Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Noémi Németh, Lavinia Davidescu, Liviu Lazăr, Florica Voiță-Mekeres, Mariana Racoviță, Călin Tudor Hozan","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Cancer remains a significant global health issue in the 21st century, accounting for 16.8% of all deaths and 22.8% of noncommunicable disease (NCD) deaths globally. This study investigated the impact of a novel integrated rehabilitation intervention on clinical and psychosocial outcomes in cancer patients with vertebral metastasis. <b>Methods:</b> The three-year study included newly diagnosed oncological patients or those undergoing treatment, aged 18 years or older, with vertebral metastasis and spinal pain. The intervention was tailored to each patient based on mental and functional reserves, risk of vertebral fractures, physical reserves, fatigue, and ongoing oncological therapy. <b>Results:</b> The control and experimental groups were compared in terms of baseline characteristics, physical activity, tumor characteristics, pain, sphincter disorders, complications, survival, functional scores, and coping mechanisms. The experimental group demonstrated significantly better outcomes, including longer mean survival time (3.5 vs. 2.8 years, <i>p</i> < 0.001), higher Barthel Total Score (60.7 vs. 40.8, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and lower prevalence of fractures (20.0% vs. 55.4%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), osteoporosis (17.0% vs. 37.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.001), anemia (22.2% vs. 57.4%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and vomiting (6.1% vs. 54.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The experimental group also exhibited a lower reliance on avoidant coping strategies (29.0 vs. 31.3, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> The study provides robust evidence that a personalized rehabilitation intervention significantly improves survival, functional independence, and coping strategies in cancer patients with spinal bone metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Mortality and Short-Term Patient Outcomes for Hip Fracture Repair in the Elderly Based on Preoperative Anticoagulation Status.","authors":"Vimal Desai, Priscilla H Chan, Kathryn E Royse, Ronald A Navarro, Glenn R Diekmann, Kent T Yamaguchi, Elizabeth W Paxton, Chunyuan Qiu","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The one-year mortality risk for elderly patients undergoing proximal femur fracture repair surgery is three to four times higher compared to the general population. Other than time to surgery, risk factors for postoperative morbidity and mortality following surgery are poorly understood in the elderly. We sought to identify risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality in geriatric patients by anticoagulation status undergoing hip fracture repair. <b>Methods:</b> Patients aged ≥65 years undergoing surgery for hip fracture repair were included (2009-2019) from a US-based hip fracture registry. Factors associated with 90-day mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and stratified by antithrombotic agent medication use prior to surgery. Direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC) medications were the largest group, and all antithrombotic agents were included in the delineation. <b>Results:</b> A total of 35,463 patients were identified, and 87.1% (<i>N</i> = 30,902) were DOAC-naïve. Risk factors for 90-day mortality in DOAC-naïve patients were an American Society of Anesthesiologist's (ASA) classification ≥3 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.24-2.93), preoperative myocardial infarction (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.33-2.64), male gender (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.59-1.88), congestive heart failure (CHF) (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.50-1.80), psychoses (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.15-1.42), renal failure (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.19-1.40), smoking history (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.09-1.29), chronic pulmonary disease (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05-1.25), increasing age (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.06-1.07), and decreasing body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.05-1.08). Identified factors for mortality in the DOAC group also included ASA classification ≥3 (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.44-3.20), male gender (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.41-2.01), CHF (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.22-1.73), chronic pulmonary disease (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.12-1.61), decreasing BMI (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02-1.06), and increasing age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01-1.03). <b>Conclusions:</b> Regardless of preoperative DOAC status, ASA classification, gender, CHF, chronic pulmonary disease, lower BMI, and higher age are associated with an increased risk of mortality. Some of these comorbidities can be utilized for risk stratification prior to surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Adult Daycare Center Service Model for the Elderly Through Community Participation: An Action Research Approach.","authors":"Benjayamas Pilayon, Kanin Chueaduangpui, Juthaluck Saentho, Ruchakron Kongmant, Niruwan Turnbull","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: This study aimed to develop a service model for daycare centers for the elderly through community participation using participatory action research methods. The objectives were threefold: (1) to investigate the current situation of the elderly in the community and their needs for daycare center services, (2) to develop a daycare center for the elderly with active community involvement, and (3) to evaluate the effectiveness of the service delivery at the daycare center for the elderly. <b>Methods</b>: The study was conducted in Ban Kho Subdistrict, Phon Sawan District, Nakhon Phanom Province. Research participants included 210 elderly individuals surveyed to assess their situation, and 15 key informants, including elderly club leaders, subdistrict health promotion hospital staff, volunteers, subdistrict administrative organization officers, and village health volunteers, were specifically selected for in-depth insights. The research process was structured into three phases: Phase 1 focused on studying the situation of the elderly in the community and their service needs; Phase 2 was dedicated to developing the daycare center with community participation; and Phase 3 involved evaluating the service delivery of the daycare center. <b>Results:</b> The results indicated that the development process of the daycare center service model for the elderly, through community participation, involved four key mechanisms: elderly clubs, subdistrict health promotion hospitals, volunteer teachers or technicians, and village volunteers. Additionally, the supporting mechanisms included academic institutions, hospitals, temples, village heads, the Non-Formal Education Center, foundations, and the subdistrict administrative organization. The comprehensive service model encompassed five components: health, social, psychological, economic, and environmental aspects. <b>Conclusions</b>: The study successfully developed a daycare center service model for the elderly through community participation, which can be expanded and adapted to other semi-urban and semi-rural contexts. This model demonstrates the importance of community involvement in providing holistic care for the elderly, addressing various aspects of their well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Instrumental Assessment to Assess Dysphagia in Older Adults Receiving Long-Term Care Services: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Alvis Ki-Fung Kan, Elaine Kwong, Michael Siu-Wai Chan, Phoebe Tsz-Ching Shek","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Dysphagia, a prevalent condition among older adults, poses significant health risks if not accurately assessed and managed. Instrumental assessments (IAs) like videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) allow detailed examinations of swallowing physiology but are underutilized in long-term care settings due to logistical challenges. This study aims to explore the current practice patterns, stakeholder perspectives, and barriers to and facilitators of IA implementation in these settings. <b>Methods:</b> A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, analyzing the literature from databases including CINAHL Complete, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS. A total of 1339 articles were identified. After the removal of 332 duplications, 1007 articles were screened, with four meeting the inclusion criteria for describing IA implementation or stakeholder perspectives in community-based long-term care settings for older adults. <b>Results:</b> This review identified significant underutilization of IA in long-term care settings, primarily due to logistical barriers and transportation issues. Stakeholders, particularly speech-language pathologists (SLPs), acknowledged the benefits of IA in improving dysphagia management but encountered challenges in accessing these assessments. Mobile FEES (mFEES) emerged as a promising solution, offering on-site assessments that could enhance the accuracy and timeliness of dysphagia care. <b>Conclusions:</b> While IA is crucial for effective dysphagia management in older adults, its implementation in long-term care settings is hindered by various barriers. mFEES presents a viable solution to improve IA accessibility and representativeness. Further research is warranted to develop context-specific implementation strategies and to explore the perspectives of all stakeholders involved in dysphagia care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Inflammatory Sarcopenia in Increasing Fall Risk in Older Adults: Exploring the Impact on Mobility-Impaired and Immunocompromised Patients.","authors":"Marc-Dan Blajovan, Simona-Alina Abu-Awwad, Mirela-Cleopatra Tomescu, Cristina Tudoran, Daniela Gurgus, Anca Dinu, Ahmed Abu-Awwad","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Inflammatory sarcopenia, characterized by muscle weakness exacerbated by chronic systemic inflammation, has emerged as a critical factor in fall risk among older adults. While previous studies have examined sarcopenia and inflammation independently, few have investigated their combined impact on mobility impairments and fall susceptibility, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. This study aimed to assess the role of inflammatory sarcopenia in increasing fall risk by comparing functional performance, muscle strength, and inflammatory biomarkers across three groups: healthy older adults, individuals with non-inflammatory sarcopenia, and those with inflammatory sarcopenia. A secondary objective was to evaluate fall incidence in immunocompromised versus non-immunocompromised individuals. <b>Methods</b>: A prospective observational study was conducted on 250 adults aged ≥65 years, categorized based on inflammatory status and muscle health. Functional assessments included handgrip strength, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and fall frequency analysis. Inflammatory status was determined by measuring C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Multivariate regression models were used to identify predictors of fall risk. <b>Results</b>: Participants with inflammatory sarcopenia exhibited significantly higher CRP and IL-6 levels, greater muscle weakness, poorer mobility performance, and a fourfold increase in fall incidence compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Immunocompromised individuals had nearly double the fall risk of their non-immunocompromised counterparts (<i>p</i> < 0.001). TUG test performance was the strongest fall predictor. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings highlight the importance of integrating fall prevention strategies that not only focus on muscle-strengthening programs but also include regular screening for inflammatory markers. Given the strong association between systemic inflammation, muscle weakness, and fall risk, identifying and managing chronic inflammation may play a crucial role in reducing mobility impairments and improving outcomes in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Intra-Individual Variability in Motor Performance on Functional Mobility in Stroke Survivors.","authors":"Neha Lodha, Prakruti Patel, Evangelos A Christou, Anjali Tiwari, Manfred Diehl","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10020051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Motor impairments following stroke contribute to deficits in functional mobility. Traditionally, these impairments are quantified by mean-level motor performance. However, this mean-level approach neglects the well-established fact that motor performance becomes highly variable in aging and disease. Increased intra-individual variability (IIV) in behavior predicts functional decline in neurological disorders. Despite this, the impact of stroke on IIV in motor performance and its influence on functional mobility has not been investigated. This study aimed to (1) quantify the impact of stroke on IIV in motor performance, and (2) determine the contribution of IIV and mean motor performance to functional mobility. <b>Methods</b>: Twenty stroke survivors and 20 age-matched controls performed a goal-directed ankle movement task over 30 trials. We measured average accuracy (mean endpoint error) and IIV (within-person SD of endpoint error). Functional mobility was assessed with postural control (sway area during quiet standing) and braking response time in a driving simulator. <b>Results</b>: Stroke participants showed a higher mean (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and greater IIV (<i>p</i> = 0.016) in endpoint error than controls. Sway area did not differ between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.24), but stroke survivors had increased braking response time (<i>p</i> = 0.016). In stroke survivors, IIV significantly predicted sway area (R² = 0.33, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and braking response time (R² = 0.27, <i>p</i> = 0.02), and mean error did not account for any additional variance. <b>Conclusions:</b> Stroke reduces the trial-to-trial consistency of executing motor tasks with precision. IIV in motor performance predicts postural balance and braking response time and can potentially serve as an indicator of increased vulnerability and an important target for stroke rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhinitis in the Geriatric Population: Epidemiological and Cytological Aspects.","authors":"Matteo Gelardi, Rossana Giancaspro, Elisa Boni, Mario Di Gioacchino, Giulia Cintoli, Michele Cassano, Maria Teresa Ventura","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020050","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR), traditionally considered as a childhood condition, is increasingly recognized among older adults, driven by rising life expectancy and environmental factors. Although allergic sensitization declines with age, AR prevalence in the elderly is underestimated, with 3-12% of geriatric patients affected. Diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and overlapping conditions, leading to underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment. AR significantly impacts the quality of life (QoL), often exacerbating respiratory comorbidities like asthma and COPD. Presbynasalis, encompassing age-related sinonasal changes, includes reduced allergic responses, increased chronic rhinosinusitis, altered nasal structure, and impaired mucociliary clearance. Non-allergic rhinitis, atrophic rhinitis, and overlapping rhinitis further complicate AR diagnosis in the elderly. Effective management involves personalized pharmacotherapy, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), and addressing comorbidities and polypharmacy risks. Despite safety concerns, recent studies demonstrate AIT efficacy in elderly patients, reducing symptoms and medication use. Given AR's impact on cognitive and respiratory health, accurate diagnosis and treatment can enhance QoL and mitigate health decline. Greater awareness and further research are essential to understand AR prevalence and improve outcomes for geriatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Convolutional Neural Network-Based Posture Identification Model of Older Adults: From Silhouette of Sagittal Photographs.","authors":"Naoki Sugiyama, Yoshihiro Kai, Hitoshi Koda, Toru Morihara, Noriyuki Kida","doi":"10.3390/geriatrics10020049","DOIUrl":"10.3390/geriatrics10020049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Posture is a significant indicator of health status in older adults. This study aimed to develop an automatic posture assessment tool based on sagittal photographs by validating recognition models using convolutional neural networks. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 9140 images were collected with data augmentation, and each image was labeled as either Ideal or Non-Ideal posture by physical therapists. The hidden and output layers of the models remained unchanged, while the loss function and optimizer were varied to construct four different model configurations: mean squared error and Adam (MSE & Adam), mean squared error and stochastic gradient descent (MSE & SGD), binary cross-entropy and Adam (BCE & Adam), and binary cross-entropy and stochastic gradient descent (BCE & SGD). <b>Results</b>: All four models demonstrated an improved accuracy in both the training and validation phases. However, the two BCE models exhibited divergence in validation loss, suggesting overfitting. Conversely, the two MSE models showed stability during learning. Therefore, we focused on the MSE models and evaluated their reliability using sensitivity, specificity, and Prevalence-Adjusted Bias-Adjusted Kappa (PABAK) based on the model's output and correct label. Sensitivity and specificity were 85% and 84% for MSE & Adam and 67% and 77% for MSE & SGD, respectively. Moreover, PABAK values for agreement with the correct label were 0.69 and 0.43 for MSE & Adam and MSE & SGD, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings indicate that the MSE & Adam model, in particular, can serve as a useful tool for screening inspections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12653,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}