Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench最新文献

{"title":"Development of a risk score for colorectal cancer screening.","authors":"Elham Maserat, Amir Sadeghi, Pardis Ketabi Moghadam, Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i3.3140","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i3.3140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to develop a simple and reliable scoring system for colorectal cancer risk assessment considering the effectiveness of different screening options.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. As a preventable disease, accurate risk assessment plays a critical role in early detection and prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from 3,465 individuals, including patients, first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree relatives of patients, and volunteers participating in a national CRC screening program. The dataset reflects nine years of prevention efforts targeting at-risk populations. Machine learning algorithms-Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, Neural Networks, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machines (SVM)-were applied to the data. Model performance was evaluated using cross-validation, ROC curves, F1 score, classification accuracy (CA), and overall accuracy metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3,465 participants, 2,240 were diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 60 were relatives of affected patients, and 1,086 were non-patient relatives. Among CRC patients, 1,979 were over the age of 40. Logistic Regression and Naïve Bayes achieved the highest AUC values (0.910 and 0.907, respectively), with corresponding accuracies of 84.5% and 82.8%. Logistic Regression demonstrated the highest overall accuracy. The proposed scoring system incorporated variables such as age, sex, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), smoking, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, BMI, family history, and five key symptoms: rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, unintended weight loss, changes in bowel habits, and anemia. The highest score was assigned to individuals over 60 years of age, while a score of 2 was allocated for a family history involving more than two affected relatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A scoring system based on easily measurable variables offers a practical and efficient tool for widespread clinical use. Such systems can assist healthcare professionals in streamlining risk assessment and improving early identification of high-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 3","pages":"333-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological determinants of irritable bowel syndrome and its impact on quality of life: a machine learning approaches.","authors":"Elham Saeedinia, Hamid Poursharifi, Fereshte Momeni, Mohsen Vahedi, Amir Sadeghi, Mansour Abdi, Ramin Ghahremani","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i1.3082","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i1.3082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study examined the associations between psychosocial factors, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) diagnosis, and quality of life (QOL) in both control and IBS groups. Additionally, we explored the potential influence of psychosocial factors on the onset of IBS and developed a machine-learning model for IBS prediction.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>IBS is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder, with various factors predicting its severity and associated symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Through convenience sampling, a cross-sectional study recruited participants diagnosed with IBS (n=134) and healthy controls (n=150) from Arak Gastroenterology Clinics. Linear regression assessed the impact of psychosocial factors on IBS symptom severity and QOL. Logistic regression analyzed the association of these factors with IBS onset. Machine learning algorithms were used to predict IBS based on psychosocial features. Instruments include IBS-SSS, IBS-QOL, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Visceral Sensitivity Index (VSI), and Pain Catastrophe Scale (PCS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 284 participants (61.27% females) were recruited in the study, with a mean age of 36.48±10.75 years. Compared to controls, IBS patients exhibited significantly higher scores on measures of pain catastrophizing scale (PCS, 40.95 vs. 27.73), somatization (13.91 vs. 6.49), and alexithymia (60.23 vs. 54.71) as well as lower VSI (40.54 vs. 72.10). For those with IBS, only difficulty identifying feelings and somatization remained associated with worse symptoms, while VSI presented an inverse correlation. Psychological factors were inversely related to QOL. Elevated levels of alexithymia (OR 1.06; 95% CI 0.48, 1.63), somatization (OR 1.80; 95%CI 1.12, 2.48), and PCS (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.30, 2.10) were associated with a higher chance of developing IBS, while higher VSI (OR -1.65; 95% CI -1.89, -1.42) was protective. Among machine learning models, logistic regression based on these factors (excluding alexithymia) and age achieved good performance (AUC: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.94; Accuracy: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.90) in predicting IBS onset.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychological factors were linked to worse IBS symptoms and quality of life. A machine learning model for IBS prediction presented promising results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 1","pages":"100-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microvillus inclusion disease: a short review of literature.","authors":"Arya Nair Kovilveettil","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i1.3069","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i1.3069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microvillus inclusion disease (MVD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that was first discovered in 1978 by Davidson et al., with significant mortality and morbidity within the first year of life. It presents mainly with abdominal symptoms like diarrhoea, abdominal distension, vomiting electrolyte imbalance. Sometimes, depending on the genetic mutation involved, the phenotypic manifestation can vary. Certain genetic mutations are associated with cholestasis, dilated bowel loops, and metabolic acidosis, whereas some present with nystagmus and reduced visual acuity. Electron microscopy of the duodenal biopsy sample is used as a diagnostic tool. Absence or shortening of apical microvilli with microvillus inclusion bodies in mature enterocytes, which are pathognomonic to MVD alongside periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive granules or vesicles in the immature enterocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 1","pages":"6-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effects of vitamin D3 and 5-aminosalicylic acid (Mesalazine) on the expression of virulence determinants in <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from patients with IBD and colorectal cancer.","authors":"Seyed Abolfazl Hosseininasab, Fereshteh Saffari, Omid Tadjrobehkar, Hengameh Zandi, Bijan Ahmadi","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i2.3061","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i2.3061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Based on studies, <i>E. coli</i> strains producing colibactin are selectively enriched in patients with IBD and CRC. This finding raises the possibility that the mentioned compounds may affect this organism and prompted us to conduct this study.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, vitamin D3 is highly recommended in the therapeutic management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Similar to 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) which is a mainstay in treatment of IBD and prevention of CRC related inflammation, the importance of vitamin D3 is also mainly attributed to a series of known protective effects of this compound, particularly regulation of immune response and gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antimicrobial effects of vitamin D3 and 5-ASA against <i>E. coli</i> isolated from patients with CRC, IBD, and healthy individuals were assessed by microdilution broth. The expression of virulence-associated genes (<i>clbN</i>, <i>ompC</i>, <i>chuA</i> and <i>yfgL</i>) in isolates treated with these compounds was tested by real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neither vitamin D3 nor 5-ASAinhibited bacterial growth at the investigated concentrations. The expression of <i>clbN</i> and <i>ompC</i> significantly decreased in vitamin D3-treated isolates (p= 0.01, p= 0.02, respectively). This downregulation was also significant in isolates from the CRC group in comparison with those from IBD patients and healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D3's effect on downregulating colibactin, one of the proposed factors in colon carcinogenesis, highlights another unknown aspect of this multifaceted drug. The inability of both studied compounds to inhibit the growth of <i>E. coli</i> may show their benefit in not disturbing the balance of the microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 2","pages":"252-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus among solid organ transplant recipients: insights from southern Iran.","authors":"Zahra Amiri, Sahar Karami, Aboulfazl Gheshlaghi, Seyed Mohammad Ali Hashemi, Bahador Sarkari, Leila Morabbi, Jamal Sarvari","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i2.3110","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i2.3110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study assessed the prevalence of anti-Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) IgG and IgM antibodies in Solid Organ Transplant (SOT) recipients in Fars Province, southern Iran.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>HEV is a common cause of viral hepatitis worldwide. Immunocompromised individuals, particularly SOT recipients, are at risk of chronic HEV infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 150 serum samples were collected from SOT recipients, including those with liver, kidney, intestinal, or simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. The sera were stored at -20°C and analyzed for anti-HEV IgG and IgM, using a commercial ELISA kit. Data were analyzed, using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 46.24 ± 15.14 years; with 96 (64%) being male. Anti-HEV IgG antibodies were detected in 53 (35.3%) patients. The prevalence among liver and kidney recipient recipients was 33.3% and 39.2%, respectively (p = 0.63). Anti-HEV IgG seropositivity was significantly associated with older age (p < 0.001) and elevated blood urea nitrogen levels (p = 0.008). No significant associations were observed with other demographic or clinical variables (p > 0.05). All patients tested negative for anti-HEV IgM antibodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HEV exposure is relatively common among SOT recipients in southern Iran. The significant association with elevated blood urea nitrogen levels highlights the importance of renal function monitoring in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 2","pages":"205-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative systems biology identifies <i>PRELP</i> and <i>TAGLN</i> as prognostic biomarkers and immune modulators in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Amir Ali Judaki, Mehran Aghemiri, Zahra Yousefli, Sajjad Tavakkoli, Amir Taherkhani, Elham Nazari, Afsaneh Arefi-Oskouie","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18iSpecialIssue.3210","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18iSpecialIssue.3210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) using an integrative systems biology approach combining transcriptomics, network topology, and immune profiling.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Advanced CRC prognosis remains poor due to a lack of biomarkers capturing tumor-immune interactions. Current single-gene markers often overlook the network-based nature of tumorigenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed TCGA-COAD data (n = 463 tumor, n = 85 normal) using GEPIA3 with thresholds of |log_2FC| > 2 and adjusted p. value < 0.05. Protein-protein and gene-gene interaction networks were constructed via STRING (confidence > 0.4) and GeneMANIA. Hub genes were prioritized by intersecting degree and betweenness centrality using Cytoscape. Prognosis was assessed using cSurvival (Kaplan-Meier) and immune correlations via TISDB. Protein expression was verified in the Human Protein Atlas and external validation was performed to justify accuracy of candidate biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis revealed 992 DEGs (498 up-regulated and 494 down-regulated) enriched in extracellular matrix organization and innate immune pathways. Eight dual hub genes were identified; <i>PRELP</i> and <i>TAGLN</i> significantly predicted overall survival. High <i>PRELP</i> (p= 0.014) and <i>TAGLN</i> (p = 0.039) expression predicted poor prognosis. Both positively correlated with innate immune cells (NKT/NK cells) but negatively with activated CD4+ T cells, suggesting immune exclusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>PRELP</i> and <i>TAGLN</i> are novel dual prognostic biomarkers linking stromal remodeling to immunosuppression in CRC. High tissue expression serves as a marker of desmoplastic stroma and poor survival, emphasizing context-dependent biomarker evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 SI","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13081424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147941195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and linguistic validation of the Persian version of the patient assessment of upper gastrointestinal symptom severity index and quality of life.","authors":"Molood Alimirzaie, Mehran Rashidi, Hassan Shahoon, Tasnim Adibi, Narges Shahoon, Peyman Adibi","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i1.3036","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i1.3036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to ascertain the equivalence in meaning and measurement qualities of two assessment tools, namely the Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM) and Quality of Life (PAGI-QOL), in a sample of individuals with upper gastrointestinal disorders in Iran.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>There is substantial demand for reliable and accurate research instruments in researchers' native language to evaluate specific concepts of interest.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Rome Foundation Guideline was employed as a framework for this investigation. To this end, a rigorous translation process was utilized, involving forward translation by two independent translators, reconciliation, and backward translation. An expert committee evaluated the semantic, idiomatic, experiential, and conceptual aspects of the translations. A panel of gastroenterologists assessed the content and face validity of the translated questionnaires. Cognitive debriefing sessions were conducted involving patients with dyspepsia or gastroesophageal reflux disease. Concurrent validity of the questionnaires was ascertained by comparing them with the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings presented satisfactory translation of the assessment tools, with initial assessments of internal consistency and construct validity demonstrating suitability. In this particular sample, the internal consistency of the PAGI-SYM was excellent (Cronbach's α range: 0.62-0.92), while the PAGI-QOL indicated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α range: 0.68-0.95). Further, there were strong correlations between the total scores of PAGI-SYM and PAGI-QOL, as well as all SF-36 general health subscale (-0.469 and 0.572, p-value<0.001), demonstrating concurrent validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both PAGI-QOL and PAGI-SYM instruments exhibited validity and reliability when applied to assess upper gastrointestinal disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 1","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The epigenetic influence of diet-induced gut microbiome changes in precision nutrition - a systematic review.","authors":"Kolawole Yusuf Suleiman, Ganiu Jimoh Akorede, Basiru Afisu, Ali Olalekan Onimajesin, Aremu Saadudeen, Mariam Oluwakemi Lawal","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i3.3136","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i3.3136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This systematic review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the existing literature on the epigenetic influence of diet-induced gut microbiome changes in the context of precision nutrition.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Diet influences gut microbiome composition, which regulates epigenetic modifications affecting inflammation, metabolism, and disease susceptibility. Precision nutrition seeks to personalize dietary strategies based on these interactions, yet the role of microbiome-driven epigenetic regulation remains under investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in 2025 following PRISMA guidelines. Studies exploring the relationship between dietary interventions, gut microbiome composition, and epigenetic changes were identified via PubMed and Google Scholar. Thirty-five studies, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational research, met the inclusion criteria. Data on dietary interventions, microbial composition, epigenetic modifications, and health outcomes were synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diets rich in fiber and polyphenols enhanced microbial diversity, increased short-chain fatty acid production, and positively influenced epigenetic markers related to metabolic health. In contrast, Western-style and high-fat diets were associated with gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and negative epigenetic changes linked to metabolic disorders. Dietary interventions impacted DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression, influencing long-term health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights the key role of diet-induced changes in the gut microbiome in modulating epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modifications. These alterations influence metabolic health, disease risk, and precision nutrition strategies. While dietary interventions show promise, challenges such as individual variability and methodological inconsistencies require further research to refine clinical applications of microbiome-driven nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 3","pages":"270-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Betaine attenuates fatty changes via antioxidant responses against oxytetracycline-induced fatty liver in rats.","authors":"Mona Maleki Sadeghi, Masoud Alirezaei, Alireza Rocky, Omid Dezfoulian","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i4.3074","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18i4.3074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties of betaine against oxytetracycline-induced fatty liver disease.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>During the past decades, fatty liver has been considered a public health concern, with prevalence between 10-24% in the world. Betaine has been shown to have some antioxidant properties in our previous studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this purpose, 32 male Wistar rats, were divided into four groups: control, betaine (Bet., betaine 10 mg/kg daily for 15 days, orally), fatty liver (Fat., induction of fatty liver with oxytetracycline 120 mg/kg during three consecutive days, ip), and fatty liver + betaine group (Fat. + Bet.). On the 19th day, after complete anesthesia, blood samples were taken from the heart, and the liver was sampled for biochemical and histopathology evaluations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Betaine significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity (Gpx) in the Bet. and Fat. + Bet. Groups compared to the Fat group (P <0.05). In this regard, glutathione (GSH) content and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) increased significantly in the betaine-treated rats and Fat. + Bet. group compared to the Fat. Group (P <0.05). Regarding lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde concentration significantly decreased in Bet. and Fat. + Bet. Groups, when compared to fat. Group (P <0.05). Betaine was able to reduce tissue necrosis and decrease the number of Kupffer cells, restoring the standard color of the cytoplasm of hepatocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The antioxidant properties of betaine are able to prevent fatty liver and oxidative stress in the oxytetracycline-induced fatty liver of rats. The antioxidant properties of betaine appear to prevent fatty liver and oxidative stress in rats with oxytetracycline-induced fatty liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 4","pages":"446-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12920693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of three gut microbes and their toxins in cancerous and healthy tissues of Iranian patients with colorectal cancer.","authors":"Abbas Yadegar, Masoumeh Azimirad, Somayeh Jahani-Sherafat, Hadi Ahmadi Amoli, Masoumeh Farahani, Mohammad Reza Zali, Saeed Abdi, Afsaneh Sharifian","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18iSpecialIssue.3248","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v18iSpecialIssue.3248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the presence of three gut bacteria and their toxin-encoding genes in cancerous tissues and their adjacent healthy tissues in Iranian patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>CRC is a leading gastrointestinal malignancy influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Gut microbiota dysbiosis, including overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria and loss of beneficial species, contributes to carcinogenesis through toxins, inflammation, and DNA damage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Totally, 64 biopsy samples including 22 cancerous and 22 adjacent healthy tissues from CRC patients and 20 biopsy samples from healthy controls were obtained. The presence of difficile (<i>C. difficile</i>), <i>enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis</i> (ETBF), <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (H. pylori) and their toxin-encoding genes were detected by using culture and polymerase chain reaction, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally, 19 (43.2%) toxigenic <i>C. difficile</i> isolates were detected in cancerous specimens and healthy adjusted tissues. Most of the patients (36.4%) with high-grade tumors, 9.1% with moderate and 13.6% with low-grade tumor were positive for <i>C. difficile</i> culture. The frequency of <i>B. fragilis</i> in cancerous tissues, healthy adjacent and healthy control tissues were 72.7%, 59.1% and 90%, respectively. The prevalence of bft gene within <i>B. fragilis</i> isolates from CRC patients was significantly higher than the other groups (P=0.009). <i>H. pylori</i> was detected only in one cancerous tissue with moderate grade of tumor, and this isolate was negative for <i>cagA</i>, but carried <i>vacA</i> s1m2 alleles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated a significant increase in <i>C. difficile</i> and ETBF colonization in CRC tissues compared to control samples. Further studies with greater cohorts of CRC patients are required to better evaluate the role of gut bacteria and their toxins in CRC pathogenesis and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"18 SI","pages":"40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13081416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}