Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench最新文献

{"title":"Not all enteropathies are coeliac disease! Report of an infant with microvillus inclusion disease.","authors":"Eda Nur Kozan,&nbsp;Ceyda Tuna Kırsaçlıoğlu,&nbsp;Zarife Kuloğlu,&nbsp;Aydan Kansu,&nbsp;Berna Savas,&nbsp;Arzu Ensari","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary enteropathies of infancy comprise of epithelial defects including microvillus inclusion disease, tufting enteropathy, and enteroendocrine cell dysgenesis and autoimmune enteropathies. The diseases in this group cause severe chronic (>2-3 weeks) diarrhoea starting in the first weeks of life and resulting in failure to thrive in the infant. Duodenal biopsies show moderate villous shortening together with crypt hyperplasia which are the main features causing resemblance to coeliac disease. We, hereby, report a term-born male infant of consanguineous parents. His two siblings died during infancy. He developed watery, urine-like diarrhea on the 3rd day of his life. On the postnatal 6th day he weighed 2750 grams, became dehydrated and had metabolic acidosis. Upper GI endoscopy performed on the postnatal 20th day appeared normal. Light microscopic examination of the duodenal biopsy showed moderate villous blunting, with mildly increased inflammatory cells in the lamina propria or and intraepithelial lymphocytosis. Enterocytes at the villous tips showed an irregular vacuolated appearance in the apical cytoplasm with patchy absence of the brush border demonstared by PAS and CD10. Electron microscopy revealed intracytoplasmic inclusions that were lined by intact microvilli in the apical cytoplasm of enterocytes. As he was dependent on TPN and aggressive intravenous fluid replacement he was hospitalized throughout his life. He died when he was 3 years and 4 months old. Paediatric coeliac disease is in the differential diagnosis of primary enteropathies of childhood. The differentiation lies on duodenal biopsy interpretation together with genetic analysis to detect the underlying genetic defect in childhood enteropathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 2","pages":"234-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7a/41/GHFBB-16-234.PMC10404822.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9965715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unusual cause of failure to thrive.","authors":"Saeed Abdi,&nbsp;Naghmeh Salarieh,&nbsp;Pardis Ketabi Moghadam","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2683","url":null,"abstract":"the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync/4.0/) which permits others to copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited. Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench. 2023 RIGLD, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases p-ISSN: 2008-2258 e-ISSN: 2008-4234","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 3","pages":"357-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/65/e1/GHFBB-16-357.PMC10520393.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unusual shape of ampulla secondary to impaction of hydatid membrane.","authors":"Amir Sadeghi,&nbsp;Najmeh Radgoodarzi,&nbsp;Dlnya Aminzade","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 3","pages":"360-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/c8/GHFBB-16-360.PMC10520389.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41117169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What does not look like celiac disease and instead it is.","authors":"Vincenzo Villanacci,&nbsp;Rachele Del Sordo,&nbsp;Orsola Setti,&nbsp;Barbara Zanini,&nbsp;Giovanni Casella","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i1.2686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i1.2686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The celiac disease (CD) diagnosis sometimes is challenging and diagnostic process cannot always follow a simple algorithm but it requires a close collaboration between histo-pathologists, clinicians, laboratory and genetic experts. The genetic predisposition for CD is related to HLA-DQ2 and/or DQ8 but other HLA haplotypes and non-HLA genes may be involved in genetic predisposition. In particular DQ7 may represent an additive and independent CD risk associated haplotype. We describe an unusual case of a female 42 year old with a previous diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma, who has a clinical presentation suggestive for CD with negativity for anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomysium antibodies and HLA-DQ7 positivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 2","pages":"230-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/71/b5/GHFBB-16-230.PMC10404839.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10575707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correct methodological approach to the diagnosis of celiac disease: the point of view of the pathologist.","authors":"Vincenzo Villanacci,&nbsp;Rachele Del Sordo,&nbsp;Giovanni Casella,&nbsp;Gabriel Becheanu,&nbsp;Arianna Oberti,&nbsp;Baraa Belfekih,&nbsp;Gabrio Bassotti,&nbsp;Alberto Ravelli","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnosis of celiac disease relies on the assessment of serological data and the presence of histological alterations in the duodenal mucosa. The duodenal biopsy is pivotal in adults, and in some circumstances in children, to confirm the clinical suspicion of celiac disease. The correct interpretation of duodenal biopsies is influenced by numerous variables. The aim of this overview is to describe the correct methodological approach including the procedures of biopsy sampling, orientation, processing, staining and histopathological classification in order to avoid or minimize the errors and the variability in duodenal biopsy interpretation. Multiple biopsies taken from different sites of the duodenum during endoscopy maximize the diagnostic yield of duodenal histological sampling. Proper orientation of the biopsy samples is of the utmost importance to assess histological features of pathological duodenal mucosa and to avoid artifacts that may lead even an experienced pathologist to a wrong histological interpretation with subsequent misdiagnosis of celiac disease. An immunohistochemical stain for CD3 can be invaluable to aid the pathologist in obtaining a more accurate intra-epithelial T lymphocytes count. A simplified histological classification facilitates the clinician's work and improves the communication between pathologist and clinician. An integrated clinical and pathological approach is required for a correct diagnosis of celiac disease since a relatively large number of conditions may cause duodenal damage with a histological appearance similar to that of celiac disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 2","pages":"129-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/5d/GHFBB-16-129.PMC10404828.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10263650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of serology in the diagnosis of coeliac disease.","authors":"Umberto Volta,&nbsp;Julio Cesar Bai,&nbsp;Roberto De Giorgio","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serology has significantly revolutionized the knowledge of celiac disease (CD), leading to the identification of unsuspected patients in at-risk CD groups, thereby increasing the number of CD diagnoses compared to the pre-screening era. Several markers for CD with a progressive diagnostic accuracy have been identified over the years, but only three of them, i.e. anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG), anti-endomysial (EmA) and anti-deamidated gliadin antibodies (DGP) are currently assessed in the daily clinical practice. A thorough review of the literature identified 44 original studies published between 1998 to 2022 for a total of 5098 pediatric and adult CD patients (without selective IgA deficiency) and 11930 disease controls. The results highlighted that anti-tTG IgA exhibited a higher sensitivity for CD (93.4%) than EmA IgA (92.8%), DGP IgG (81.8%) and DGP IgA (83.8%). The specificity of EmA IgA (99%) resulted to be higher than those of anti-tTG IgA (95.8%), DGP IgG (96.4%) and DGP IgA (92.1%). In patients with selective IgA deficiency, a condition closely related to CD, serological screening should include one of the three antibodies of IgG class, since anti-tTG, DGP and EmA have a very similar diagnostic accuracy in this clinical setting. According to age, there are two main diagnostic strategies for CD detection. In children, the revised ESPGHAN 2020 guidelines established that CD could be diagnosed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic children by high anti-tTG IgA titers (>10 times the cut-off) and EmA positivity with no need to obtain duodenal biopsy and HLA typing. In adult patients, although high tTG IgA titers (confirmed by EmA IgA positivity) correlate with villous atrophy, an intestinal biopsy is still considered mandatory for confirming CD diagnosis. Currently, a case finding approach in at-risk groups is preferred to mass screening for CD detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 2","pages":"118-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/00/GHFBB-16-118.PMC10404833.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10263651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bayesian approach to correct the under-count of cancer registry statistics before population-based cancer registry program.","authors":"Hadis Barati, Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi, Gholamreza Roshandel, Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari, Esmaeil Fattahi","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i4.2843","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i4.2843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to correct undercounts in cancer data before initiating a population-based cancer registry program, employing an innovative Bayesian methodology.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Underestimation is a widespread issue in cancer registries within developing countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary study utilized cancer registry data. We employed the Bayesian approach to correct undercounting in cancer data from 2005 to 2010, using the ratio of pathology to population-based data in the Golestan province as the initial value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study showed that the lowest percentage of undercounting belonged to Khorasan Razavi province with an average of 21% and the highest percentage belonged to Sistan and Baluchestan province with an average of 38%.The average age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) for all provinces of the country except Golestan province was equal to 105.72 (Confidence interval (CI) 95% 105.35-106.09) per 100,000 and after Bayesian correction was 137.17 (CI 95% 136.74-137.60) per 100,000. In 2010 the amount of ASR before Bayesian correction was 100.28 (CI 95% 124.39-127.09) per 100,000 for women and 136.49 (CI 95% 171.20-174.38) per 100,000 for men. Also, after implementing the Bayesian correction, ASR increased to 125.74 per 100,000 for women and 172.79 per 100,000 for men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the Bayesian approach in correcting undercounting in cancer registries. By utilizing the Bayesian method, the average ASR after Bayesian correction with a 29.74 percent change was 137.17 per 100,000. These corrected estimates provide more accurate information on cancer burden and can contribute to improved public health programs and policy evaluation. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the suitability of the Bayesian method for addressing underestimation in cancer registries. It also underscores its pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of future investigations in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 4","pages":"421-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10835089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy in modulation the gut microbiome dysbiosis related diseases.","authors":"Somayeh Jahani-Sherafat, Hooman Taghavi, Nastaran Asri, Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani, Zahra Razzaghi, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i4.2687","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i4.2687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maintaining a healthy balance between commensal, and pathogenic bacteria within the gut microbiota is crucial for ensuring the overall health, and well-being of the host. In fact, by affecting innate, and adaptive immune responses, the gut microbiome plays a key role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and barrier integrity. Dysbiosis is the loss of beneficial microorganisms and the growth of potentially hazardous microorganisms in a microbial community, which has been linked to numerous diseases. As the primary inducer of circadian rhythm, light can influence the human intestinal microbiome. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), which is the use of red (630-700 nm), and near-infrared light (700 and 1200 nm), can stimulate healing, relieve pain, and reduce inflammation, and affect the circadian rhythm and gut microbiome beneficially. Our focus in this paper is on the effects of PBMT on gut microbiota, to provide an overview of how it can help control gut microbiota dysbiosis-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 4","pages":"386-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10835098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions: an answer to the conflicting opinions.","authors":"Amir Sadeghi, Mohammad Reza Zali, Mohammad Tayefeh Norooz, Mohammad Pishgahi, Pardis Ketabi Moghadam","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i4.2690","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i4.2690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subepithelial lesions, formerly known as subepithelial tumors, are incidentally discovered protrusions throughout the gastrointestinal tract with normal overlying mucosa. Studies related to the diagnosis and therapy methods are limited due to the low incidence and malignant potential of these lesions. They commonly originating from the second, third, and fourth layers (muscularis mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis propria) of the gastrointestinal wall. They are reported to be more prevalent in the stomach and esophagus than small intestine and colon. Subepithelial lesions in the stomach and duodenum are more prone to malignancy than the lesions in the esophagus. Despite different strategies in the management of subepithelial lesions based on their size and location, there is still not a unique consensus on the issue. In this review, we have attempted to introduce the most practical approach to managing gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions based on current guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 4","pages":"378-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10835092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges faced by celiac disease patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Faeze Shojaei Cherati,&nbsp;Fahimeh Kamali,&nbsp;Elnaz Kiani","doi":"10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2739","url":null,"abstract":"1 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that first appeared in humans caused global coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). The highly contagious viral infection known as COVID-19 first surfaced in Wuhan, China, which has spread worldwide. Numerous studies showed that human-tohuman transmission quickly spreads, but the origin, and method of transmission before the transfer to humans are unknown (1). Multiple countries have implemented significant public health measures, such as physical separation, the suspension of public transportation, curfews, and even lockdowns, to reduce the transmissions, and flatten the curve of infections. As a result of the enforced restrictions and unusual circumstances, the majority of people became socially isolated, resulting in physical and mental health problems for the general public (2). These precautions restricted people's access to marketplaces and businesses which provided food, as well as to typical medical appointments (3, 4). Patients with chronic conditions such as celiac disease (CeD) were limited in order to prevent congestion in healthcare institutions (5). The continuity of care for the patients with chronic disorders, particularly those with celiac disease (CeD),","PeriodicalId":12636,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench","volume":"16 2","pages":"110-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/93/7e/GHFBB-16-110.PMC10404829.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10575706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}