Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-10-18DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2739742
Nauman Arif, Imran Khan, Taj Ali Khan, Saima Afaq, Bilal Ahmad, Gulzar Ahmad, Muhammad Ijaz, Zia Ul Haq
{"title":"Patterns of cardiovascular disease subtypes and associated factors among young adults in Peshawar, Pakistan: a multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nauman Arif, Imran Khan, Taj Ali Khan, Saima Afaq, Bilal Ahmad, Gulzar Ahmad, Muhammad Ijaz, Zia Ul Haq","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2739742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2739742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Evidence on CVD subtypes in young Pakistani adults is limited. This study characterized CVD subtypes and associated factors among young adults in Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicentre, cross-sectional study was conducted at four hospitals among patients aged 18-45 years. Data were extracted from three-year hospital records. Associations were assessed using chi-square/Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>8,650 CVD cases, 2,090 (24.2%) were young adults, predominantly male (64.6%), with a median age of 40 years (IQR: 36-44). ACS was the most common subtype (61.0%), followed by cardiomyopathy (39.0%). Overweight/obesity (77.0%), hypertension (56.5%), smoking (39.7%), dyslipidaemia (21.8%), and diabetes (14.4%) were the most prevalent factors. Compared with ACS, cardiomyopathy was independently associated with high heart rate, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, and family history. Smoking was associated with lower odds of cardiomyopathy than ACS (aOR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.41-0.61, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Young adults accounted for 24.2% of CVD cases, with ACS and cardiomyopathy the most common subtypes, highlighting the need for targeted strategies. The cross-sectional design, findings indicate subtype differences rather than causal effects, while supporting smoking cessation and early hypertension detection in young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and psychometric validation of a barrier assessment tool for adherence to prescribed medication regimens in post-PCI patients.","authors":"Anit Kumar Sinha, Pandey Pratima, Pooja Arora, Basant Kumar, Neelam Dahiya, Pramil Tiwari","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2746297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2746297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting approximately 197 million people and causing over 9 million deaths annually. Although percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improves survival, medication non-adherence affects more than one-quarter of patients after myocardial infarction. Validated instruments assessing multidimensional adherence barriers in post-PCI patients remain limited. This study developed and validated the Post-PCI Barrier Scale for Adherence to Prescribed Medication Regimens (PCI-BSAR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A methodological cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care cardiology outpatient department. Questionnaire items were generated through literature review, patient interviews, and the WHO multidimensional adherence framework. Content validity, pilot testing (<i>n</i> = 50), exploratory factor analysis, reliability testing, and measurement model assessment were performed in 253 post-PCI patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final 23-item PCI-BSAR demonstrated excellent content validity (S-CVI/Ave = 0.92). Exploratory factor analysis identified four domains: patient- and clinical-related, treatment and healthcare interaction-related, socioeconomic, and healthcare access and system-related barriers, explaining 69.6% of the variance. The questionnaire showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.909), composite reliability (0.848-0.938), AVE >0.50, and HTMT <0.85.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCI-BSAR is a reliable and valid instrument for identifying multidimensional medication adherence barriers in post-PCI patients and may support individualized adherence assessment during routine outpatient follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical activity and quality of life in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Japan: a quantitative study.","authors":"Hiroaki Kitaoka, Toru Kubo, Makio Torigoe, Yuika Ikeda, Kanako Shimoura, Shintaro Suo, Ryohei Takeda, Yuichiro Maekawa","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2745404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2745404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the burden of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) using patient-reported outcome tools and a study-specific questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This two-phase, cross-sectional, non-interventional, observational study (qualitative [previous] and quantitative [current]) included adults with HCM and New York Heart Association functional classification 2/3 recruited from healthcare facilities across Japan. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Symptom Questionnaire (HCMSQ), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used alongside a questionnaire developed using the qualitative findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 120 patients (mean age, 59.1 ± 16.3 years; 55.5% [66/120] male), 60 each with non-obstructive and obstructive HCM. Patients with (vs. without) lifestyle changes had lower median IPAQ score (495.0 [363.0-1803.5] vs. 990.0 [369.4-2295.0], <i>p</i> = 0.159) and KCCQ - Clinical Summary Score (81.3 [65.6-90.7] vs. 92.0 [81.4-97.9], <i>p</i> < 0.001), and higher HADS-Depression (5.0 [3.0-8.0] vs. 2.0 [1.0-6.0], <i>p</i> = 0.001) and HCMSQ-shortness of breath (5.0 [2.0-6.0] vs. 3.0 [0.0-4.5], <i>p</i> < 0.001) scores. Most patients (83.9%) noticed HCM symptoms, and some patients attributed symptoms to causes other than HCM. Most patients (89.0%) told others about their HCM. Primary care physicians were the main information source (99.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this quantitative analysis, HCM affected patients' lifestyles and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT06181617 (ClinicalTrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-10-06DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2742753
Julien Rosencher, Thiziri Si-Moussi, Domenico Mario Giamundo, Dan Atar, Roger S Blumenthal, Pierre Sabouret
{"title":"Sex-informed interpretation of coronary artery calcium in primary prevention.","authors":"Julien Rosencher, Thiziri Si-Moussi, Domenico Mario Giamundo, Dan Atar, Roger S Blumenthal, Pierre Sabouret","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2742753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2742753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is selectively used to refine cardiovascular risk assessment in primary prevention, but interpretation still relies largely on absolute thresholds applied similarly to women and men. This approach may overlook relevant sex-related differences in coronary atherosclerosis. Women tend to develop detectable CAC later in life and have lower absolute CAC values for a given age, while sex-related differences in coronary plaque composition may not be fully captured by calcium scoring alone. Consequently, a low absolute CAC score may still represent a high age- and sex-specific percentile in women. Traditional risk algorithms and CAC-based strategies also do not systematically account for female-specific risk enhancers, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, premature menopause, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Relevant literature was identified through a PubMed search from database inception to September 2026. This Perspective examines sex-related differences in CAC distribution and prognosis and discusses how absolute CAC scores, demographic percentiles, and female-specific risk enhancers can inform preventive care. We propose integrating these measures while retaining established absolute CAC categories. The clinical value of distinct numerical treatment thresholds for women and men requires prospective evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-10-06DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2742758
Ankur Mittal, Kraticka Singhal, Akash Batta, Atit A Gawalkar, Ajay Shunmugarajan, Pragya Karki, Prashant Panda, Yash Paul Sharma
{"title":"Beyond hemodynamic failure: a distinct inflammatory cytokine profile in cardiogenic shock complicating acute coronary syndrome.","authors":"Ankur Mittal, Kraticka Singhal, Akash Batta, Atit A Gawalkar, Ajay Shunmugarajan, Pragya Karki, Prashant Panda, Yash Paul Sharma","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2742758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2742758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the clinical, hemodynamic, metabolic and inflammatory profiles of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with and without cardiogenic shock (CS) and to identify biomarkers associated with disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational study, 76 patients with ACS (38 with CS and 38 without CS) were enrolled. Clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, cardiac biomarkers, lipid profile and 13 circulating cytokines were assessed. Continuous variables were compared using Welch's t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test and categorical variables using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Exploratory multivariable analyses adjusted for age, sex and STEMI status were performed for selected cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with patients without CS, those with CS had significantly lower blood pressure, higher shock index, reduced ejection fraction and higher CK-MB, troponin I, BNP, D-dimer, CRP, LDH, urea and liver enzyme levels. IL-8, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α and GM-CSF were significantly elevated in unadjusted analyses. After adjustment for age, sex and STEMI status, IL-8, IL-18 and IL-1β remained significantly associated with CS. Mortality was numerically higher in the CS group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACS complicated by CS was associated with profound hemodynamic impairment, greater myocardial injury and an enhanced inflammatory response. These exploratory findings warrant confirmation in larger prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-10-03DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2739186
Jörg Yogarajah, Samuel Sossalla
{"title":"Current challenges in the diagnosis of arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Jörg Yogarajah, Samuel Sossalla","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2739186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2739186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-09-20DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2735181
Timothy M Marshall, Luciano C Amado, Marcos Daccarett
{"title":"Concomitant atrial fibrillation ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion: rationale, outcomes, and future directions.","authors":"Timothy M Marshall, Luciano C Amado, Marcos Daccarett","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2735181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2735181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and remains a major contributor to stroke, heart failure, hospitalization, and cardiovascular mortality. Catheter ablation has become a central strategy for rhythm control, while left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) offers an effective mechanical option for stroke prevention in patients with contraindications to oral anticoagulation. Performing AF ablation and LAAO during the same procedure addresses complementary therapeutic goals while potentially improving procedural efficiency, reducing hospital exposure, and enhancing patient convenience. This narrative review summarizes the rationale, patient selection, procedural considerations, clinical outcomes, and future directions of concomitant AF ablation and LAAO. Evidence demonstrates high procedural success rates, generally exceeding 90%, with acceptable acute complication rates in experienced centers. Combined procedures benefit from shared transseptal access, consolidated imaging and anesthesia requirements, and a single recovery period. Rhythm-control efficacy compared with standalone ablation remains unclear, with recurrence rates reported as both elevated and comparable across studies, reflecting the limited randomized data for concomitant procedures. Important knowledge gaps persist regarding optimal sequencing, periprocedural antithrombotic therapy, patient selection, and newer technologies such as pulsed-field ablation. Concomitant AF ablation and LAAO represent a logical and evolving strategy for integrated rhythm and stroke management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-09-09DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2727307
Duong Ngoc Long, Pham Thai Son, Nguyen Ngoc Quang, Do Nguyen Vu, Ho Thi Kim Thanh
{"title":"Real-world LDL-C goal attainment among hypertensive patients in primary care in Vietnam: a 6-month prospective cohort study.","authors":"Duong Ngoc Long, Pham Thai Son, Nguyen Ngoc Quang, Do Nguyen Vu, Ho Thi Kim Thanh","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2727307","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2727307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess LDL-C goal attainment, medication adherence, treatment intensification, and short-term safety among hypertensive patients in Vietnamese primary care.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This prospective observational cohort followed hypertensive adults aged 40-79 years for 6 months, with lipid measurements at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. LDL-C goals were defined according to ESC/EAS risk categories using SCORE2/SCORE2-OP/SCORE2-Diabetes. Adherence was assessed by interview. Predictors of 6-month non-attainment were examined using Firth logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 189 patients (mean age 64.7 ± 7.9 years; 52.9% female), median LDL-C decreased from 2.69 mmol/L at baseline to 2.43 at 3 months and 2.49 at 6 months ( < 0.001). Goal attainment increased from 9.0% to 13.2% and 16.9%, respectively ( = 0.004). Adherence at 6 months was 37.0%. Higher baseline LDL-C (aOR 10.04, 95% CI 4.21-28.00) and older age (aOR 1.16/year, 95% CI 1.08-1.25) predicted non-attainment, while prior lipid-lowering therapy was protective (aOR 0.29, 95% CI 0.11-0.75). No AST/ALT elevation >3× upper limit occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LDL-C goal attainment remained low despite modest improvement over six months. Higher baseline LDL-C, older age, and no prior lipid-lowering therapy independently predicted non-attainment. These findings highlight gaps between guideline-recommended care and routine practice, supporting greater treatment intensification, adherence support, and broader risk-guided lipid management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-09-06DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2727310
Jaehoon Kim, Michael Putra Nugroho, Jinpyo Hong
{"title":"Contemporary sirolimus-based stent platforms versus durable-polymer limus-eluting stents in patients with diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jaehoon Kim, Michael Putra Nugroho, Jinpyo Hong","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2727310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14796678.2026.2727310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized evidence comparing sirolimus-based stent platforms with durable-polymer limus-eluting drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients with diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase were searched through April 2026. Randomized trials and diabetic cohorts from randomized trials reporting approximately 1-year clinical outcomes were included; nonrandomized and surrogate-only reports were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool. Random-effects meta-analysis used restricted maximum likelihood estimation with Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight randomized comparisons (5,988 patients) were included. Target lesion failure yielded a risk ratio (RR) of 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57-2.26; I<sup>2</sup> = 79.4%); among everolimus-eluting comparators, RR was 1.49 (95% CI 1.03-2.14; I<sup>2</sup> = 0%), favoring comparator DES. Target lesion revascularization yielded RR 1.46 (95% CI 0.66-3.25; I<sup>2</sup> = 62.9%). Definite/probable stent thrombosis yielded RR 1.50 (95% CI 1.12-2.02), favoring comparator DES, although events were few. Death and target-vessel myocardial infarction estimates were imprecise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence does not support preferential adoption of dedicated diabetic stent platforms over conventional durable-polymer DES. Longer-term trials are needed.</p><p><strong>Protocol registration: </strong>www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero identifier is CRD420261356994.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2026-09-01Epub Date: 2026-08-27DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2026.2724775
Miloud Cherbi, Jean-Benoît le Polain de Waroux, Maarten A J De Smet, El Mehdi Channan, Broes Martens, Jesús Diz-Díaz, Nicolas Blankoff, Rene Tavernier, Mattias Duytschaever, Sebastien Knecht
{"title":"Evaluating the dual-energy Thermocool SmartTouch SF catheter in the treatment of atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Miloud Cherbi, Jean-Benoît le Polain de Waroux, Maarten A J De Smet, El Mehdi Channan, Broes Martens, Jesús Diz-Díaz, Nicolas Blankoff, Rene Tavernier, Mattias Duytschaever, Sebastien Knecht","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2724775","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2026.2724775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Dual-Energy THERMOCOOL SMARTTOUCH® SurroundFlow (DE STSF) catheter combines radiofrequency (RF) and pulsed field ablation (PFA) within a single contact force-sensing, irrigated-tip focal platform, fully integrated with the CARTO® 3 three-dimensional mapping system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed available preclinical and clinical evidence on the DE STSF catheter, including the first-in-human SmartfIRE trial and supporting preclinical studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preclinical data established comparable lesion durability between focal PF and RF ablation, superior scar maturity with PFA, a validated PF ablation index based on contact force and pulse count, and synergistic lesion depth enhancement with sequential RF+PFA delivery. In the SmartfIRE study (<i>n </i>= 149, 9 European centers), acute procedural success was 100%, with no atrio-esophageal fistula, phrenic nerve palsy, or stroke reported. Freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence at 12 months reached 71.5% overall and 86.9% in patients treated with high adherence to the dual-index guided workflow.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DE STSF catheter offers a clinically flexible, index-guided dual-energy approach with a favorable safety profile and promising mid-term efficacy, although this evidence derives from a single-arm study lacking randomized or head-to-head comparative data and should be considered hypothesis-generating. Evidence remains limited to paroxysmal AF, and dedicated comparative studies in persistent AF and ventricular arrhythmias are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"901-909"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148827344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}