Frontiers in Neuroanatomy最新文献

{"title":"Communicating pain: emerging axonal signaling in peripheral neuropathic pain","authors":"Livia Testa, Sofia Dotta, Alessandro Vercelli, Letizia Marvaldi","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1398400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2024.1398400","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral nerve damage often leads to the onset of neuropathic pain (NeuP). This condition afflicts millions of people, significantly burdening healthcare systems and putting strain on families’ financial well-being. Here, we will focus on the role of peripheral sensory neurons, specifically the Dorsal Root Ganglia neurons (DRG neurons) in the development of NeuP. After axotomy, DRG neurons activate regenerative signals of axons-soma communication to promote a gene program that activates an axonal branching and elongation processes. The results of a neuronal morphological cytoskeleton change are not always associated with functional recovery. Moreover, any axonal miss-targeting may contribute to NeuP development. In this review, we will explore the epidemiology of NeuP and its molecular causes at the level of the peripheral nervous system and the target organs, with major focus on the neuronal cross-talk between intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Specifically, we will describe how failures in the neuronal regenerative program can exacerbate NeuP.","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The parasympathetic and sensory innervation of the proximal and distal colon in male mice","authors":"Lixin Wang, Yvette Taché","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1422403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2024.1422403","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThe distributions of extrinsic neurons innervating the colon show differences in experimental animals from humans, including the vagal and spinal parasympathetic innervation to the distal colon. The neuroanatomical tracing to the mouse proximal colon has not been studied in details. This study aimed to trace the locations of extrinsic neurons projecting to the mouse proximal colon compared to the distal colon using dual retrograde tracing.MethodsThe parasympathetic and sensory neurons projecting to colon were assessed using Cholera Toxin subunit B conjugated to Alexa-Fluor 488 or 555 injected in the proximal and distal colon of the same mice.ResultsRetrograde tracing from the proximal and distal colon labeled neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) and the nodose ganglia, while the tracing from the distal colon did not label the parasympathetic neurons in the lumbosacral spinal cord at L6-S1. Neurons in the pelvic ganglia which were cholinergic projected to the distal colon. There were more neurons in the DMV and nodose ganglia projecting to the proximal than distal colon. The right nodose ganglion had a higher number of neurons than the left ganglion innervating the proximal colon. In the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), the highest number of neurons traced from the distal colon were at L6, and those from the proximal colon at T12. DRG neurons projected closely to the cholinergic neurons in the intermediolateral column of L6 spinal cord. Small percentages of neurons with dual projections to both the proximal and distal colon existed in the DMV, nodose ganglia and DRG. We also observed long projecting neurons traced from the caudal distal colon to the transverse and proximal colon, some of which were calbindin immunoreactive, while there were no retrogradely labeled neurons traced from the proximal to distal colon.DiscussionThese data demonstrated that the vagal motor and motor and sensory neurons innervate both the proximal and distal colon in mice, and the autonomic neurons in the intermediate zone of the lumbosacral spinal cord do not project directly to the mouse colon, which differs from that in humans.","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational VPA exposure reduces the density of juxtapositions between TH+ axons and calretinin or calbindin expressing cells in the ventrobasal forebrain of neonatal mice","authors":"Cintia Klaudia Finszter, Róbert Kemecsei, Gergely Zachar, Ágota Ádám, András Csillag","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1426042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2024.1426042","url":null,"abstract":"Gestational exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is a valid rodent model of human autism spectrum disorder (ASD). VPA treatment is known to bring about specific behavioral deficits of sociability, matching similar alterations in human autism. Previous quantitative morphometric studies from our laboratory showed a marked reduction and defasciculation of the mesotelencephalic dopaminergic pathway of VPA treated mice, along with a decrease in tissue dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), but not in the caudatoputamen (CPu). In the present study, the correlative distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) putative axon terminals, presynaptic to the target neurons containing calretinin (CR) or calbindin (CB), was assessed using double fluorescent immunocytochemistry and confocal laser microscopy in two dopamine recipient forebrain regions, NAc and olfactory tubercle (OT) of neonatal mice (mothers injected with VPA on ED13.5, pups investigated on PD7). Representative image stacks were volumetrically analyzed for spatial proximity and abundance of presynaptic (TH+) and postsynaptic (CR+, CB+) structures with the help of an Imaris (Bitplane) software. In VPA mice, TH/CR juxtapositions were reduced in the NAc, whereas the TH/CB juxtapositions were impoverished in OT. Volume ratios of CR+ and CB+ elements remained unchanged in NAc, whereas that of CB+ was markedly reduced in OT; here the abundance of TH+ axons was also diminished. CR and CB were found to partially colocalize with TH in the VTA and SN. In VPA exposed mice, the abundance of CR+ (but not CB+) perikarya increased both in VTA and SN, however, this upregulation was not mirrored by an increase of the number of CR+/TH+ double labeled cells. The observed reduction of total CB (but not of CB+ perikarya) in the OT of VPA exposed animals signifies a diminished probability of synaptic contacts with afferent TH+ axons, presumably by reducing the available synaptic surface. Altered dopaminergic input to ventrobasal forebrain targets during late embryonic development will likely perturb the development and consolidation of neural and synaptic architecture, resulting in lasting changes of the neuronal patterning (detected here as reduced synaptic input to dopaminoceptive interneurons) in ventrobasal forebrain regions specifically involved in motivation and reward.","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Resting state functional connectivity of the rat claustrum.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1454746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2024.1454746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00022.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1454746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11252904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Transorbital approach to the cavernous sinus: an anatomical study of the related cranial nerves.","authors":"Sergio Corvino","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1428516","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1428516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1428516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11250059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: New insights in the neuroanatomy and neuropathology of marine mammals.","authors":"Simona Sacchini, Cristiano Bombardi","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1449199","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1449199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1449199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11247002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Localization of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in the vertebrate retinas across species and their physiological roles.","authors":"Daniel Kim, Hyeonhee Roh, Hyung-Min Lee, Sang Jeong Kim, Maesoon Im","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1445452","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1445452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2024.1385932.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1445452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11223593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141534245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ion channel profiles of extraocular motoneurons and internuclear neurons in human abducens and trochlear nuclei.","authors":"Ümit S Mayadali, Christina A M Chertes, Inga Sinicina, Aasef G Shaikh, Anja K E Horn","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1411154","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1411154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Extraocular muscles are innervated by two anatomically and histochemically distinct motoneuron populations: motoneurons of multiply-innervated fibers (MIF), and of singly-innervated fibers (SIF). Recently, it has been established by our research group that these motoneuron types of monkey abducens and trochlear nuclei express distinct ion channel profiles: SIF motoneurons, as well as abducens internuclear neurons (INT), express strong Kv1.1 and Kv3.1b immunoreactivity, indicating their fast-firing capacity, whereas MIF motoneurons do not. Moreover, low voltage activated cation channels, such as Cav3.1 and HCN1 showed differences between MIF and SIF motoneurons, indicating distinct post-inhibitory rebound characteristics. However, the ion channel profiles of MIF and SIF motoneurons have not been established in human brainstem tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Therefore, we used immunohistochemical methods with antibodies against Kv, Cav3 and HCN channels to (1) examine the human trochlear nucleus in terms of anatomical organization of MIF and SIF motoneurons, (2) examine immunolabeling patterns of ion channel proteins in the distinct motoneurons populations in the trochlear and abducens nuclei.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the examination of the trochlear nucleus, a third motoneuron subgroup was consistently encountered with weak perineuronal nets (PN). The neurons of this subgroup had -on average- larger diameters than MIF motoneurons, and smaller diameters than SIF motoneurons, and PN expression strength correlated with neuronal size. Immunolabeling of various ion channels revealed that, in general, human MIF and SIF motoneurons did not differ consistently, as opposed to the findings in monkey trochlear and abducens nuclei. Kv1.1, Kv3.1b and HCN channels were found on both MIF and SIF motoneurons and the immunolabeling density varied for multiple ion channels. On the other hand, significant differences between SIF motoneurons and INTs were found in terms of HCN1 immunoreactivity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results indicated that motoneurons may be more variable in human in terms of histochemical and biophysiological characteristics, than previously thought. This study therefore establishes grounds for any histochemical examination of motor nuclei controlling extraocular muscles in eye movement related pathologies in the human brainstem.</p>","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1411154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network analysis of marmoset cortical connections reveals pFC and sensory clusters.","authors":"Bernard A Pailthorpe","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1403170","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1403170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new analysis is presented of the retrograde tracer measurements of connections between anatomical areas of the marmoset cortex. The original normalisation of raw data yields the fractional link weight measure, FLNe. That is re-examined to consider other possible measures that reveal the underlying in link weights. Predictions arising from both are used to examine network modules and hubs. With inclusion of the in weights the InfoMap algorithm identifies eight structural modules in marmoset cortex. In and out hubs and major connector nodes are identified using module assignment and participation coefficients. Time evolving network tracing around the major hubs reveals medium sized clusters in pFC, temporal, auditory and visual areas; the most tightly coupled and significant of which is in the pFC. A complementary viewpoint is provided by examining the highest traffic links in the cortical network, and reveals parallel sensory flows to pFC and via association areas to frontal areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1403170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11199858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional and cellular organization of the autism-associated protein UBE3A/E6AP and its antisense transcript in the brain of the developing rhesus monkey","authors":"Chavely Gonzalez Ramirez, Sarah G. Salvador, Ridthi Kartik Rekha Patel, Sarah Clark, Noah W. Miller, Lucas M. James, Nicholas W. Ringelberg, Jeremy M. Simon, Jeffrey Bennett, David G. Amaral, Alain C. Burette, Benjamin D. Philpot","doi":"10.3389/fnana.2024.1410791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2024.1410791","url":null,"abstract":"Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurogenetic disorder caused by mutations or deletions in the maternally-inherited <jats:italic>UBE3A</jats:italic> allele, leading to a loss of UBE3A protein expression in neurons. The paternally-inherited <jats:italic>UBE3A</jats:italic> allele is epigenetically silenced in neurons during development by a noncoding transcript (<jats:italic>UBE3A-ATS</jats:italic>). The absence of neuronal UBE3A results in severe neurological symptoms, including speech and language impairments, intellectual disability, and seizures. While no cure exists, therapies aiming to restore UBE3A function—either by gene addition or by targeting <jats:italic>UBE3A-ATS</jats:italic>—are under development. Progress in developing these treatments relies heavily on inferences drawn from mouse studies about the function of UBE3A in the human brain. To aid translational efforts and to gain an understanding of UBE3A and <jats:italic>UBE3A-ATS</jats:italic> biology with greater relevance to human neurodevelopmental contexts, we investigated UBE3A and <jats:italic>UBE3A-ATS</jats:italic> expression in the developing brain of the rhesus macaque, a species that exhibits complex social behaviors, resembling aspects of human behavior to a greater degree than mice. Combining immunohistochemistry and <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> hybridization, we mapped UBE3A and <jats:italic>UBE3A-ATS</jats:italic> regional and cellular expression in normal prenatal, neonatal, and adolescent rhesus macaque brains. We show that key hallmarks of UBE3A biology, well-known in rodents, are also present in macaques, and suggest paternal <jats:italic>UBE3A</jats:italic> silencing in neurons—but not glial cells—in the macaque brain, with onset between gestational day 48 and 100. These findings support proposals that early-life, perhaps even prenatal, intervention is optimal for overcoming the maternal allele loss of <jats:italic>UBE3A</jats:italic> linked to AS.","PeriodicalId":12572,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141197880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}